fix the kernels

This commit is contained in:
Wing Lian
2025-02-24 22:38:55 -05:00
parent 165088e7c1
commit 45e1548d59

View File

@@ -1,21 +1,26 @@
""" """
Optimized Triton kernel for KL divergence loss between teacher and student models. Optimized Triton kernel for KL divergence loss between teacher and student models.
""" """
# pylint: disable=invalid-name,unused-argument
import torch import torch
import triton import triton
import triton.language as tl import triton.language as tl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from torch.utils.benchmark import Timer
# Helper function for computing logsumexp # Helper function for computing logsumexp
@triton.jit @triton.jit
def logsumexp_kernel( def logsumexp_kernel(
logits_ptr, output_ptr, logits_ptr,
B, S, V, # batch size, seq len, vocab size output_ptr,
stride_b, stride_s, stride_v, B,
out_stride_b, out_stride_s, S,
BLOCK_SIZE: tl.constexpr V, # batch size, seq len, vocab size
stride_b,
stride_s,
stride_v,
out_stride_b,
out_stride_s,
BLOCK_SIZE: tl.constexpr,
): ):
# Program ID # Program ID
pid = tl.program_id(0) pid = tl.program_id(0)
@@ -30,13 +35,16 @@ def logsumexp_kernel(
logits_base = logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_b + seq_idx * stride_s logits_base = logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_b + seq_idx * stride_s
# Find maximum for numerical stability # Find maximum for numerical stability
max_val = -float('inf') max_val = -float("inf")
for v_offset in range(0, V, BLOCK_SIZE): for v_offset in range(0, V, BLOCK_SIZE):
v_size = min(BLOCK_SIZE, V - v_offset) v_size = min(BLOCK_SIZE, V - v_offset)
mask = tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE) < v_size mask = tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE) < v_size
logits_block = tl.load(logits_base + (v_offset + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE)) * stride_v, logits_block = tl.load(
mask=mask, other=-float('inf')) logits_base + (v_offset + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE)) * stride_v,
mask=mask,
other=-float("inf"),
)
max_val = tl.maximum(max_val, tl.max(logits_block, axis=0)) max_val = tl.maximum(max_val, tl.max(logits_block, axis=0))
# Compute sum of exp(logit - max_val) # Compute sum of exp(logit - max_val)
@@ -45,8 +53,11 @@ def logsumexp_kernel(
v_size = min(BLOCK_SIZE, V - v_offset) v_size = min(BLOCK_SIZE, V - v_offset)
mask = tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE) < v_size mask = tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE) < v_size
logits_block = tl.load(logits_base + (v_offset + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE)) * stride_v, logits_block = tl.load(
mask=mask, other=-float('inf')) logits_base + (v_offset + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_SIZE)) * stride_v,
mask=mask,
other=-float("inf"),
)
sum_exp += tl.sum(tl.exp(logits_block - max_val), axis=0) sum_exp += tl.sum(tl.exp(logits_block - max_val), axis=0)
# Compute logsumexp # Compute logsumexp
@@ -55,11 +66,187 @@ def logsumexp_kernel(
# Store result # Store result
tl.store(output_ptr + batch_idx * out_stride_b + seq_idx * out_stride_s, result) tl.store(output_ptr + batch_idx * out_stride_b + seq_idx * out_stride_s, result)
@triton.jit
def grad_softmax_kernel(
grad_student_logits_ptr,
student_logits_ptr,
target_token_ids_ptr,
teacher_probs_ptr,
mask_ptr,
B,
S,
V,
K, # batch size, seq len, vocab size, top-k
scale,
stride_gl_b,
stride_gl_s,
stride_gl_v,
stride_l_b,
stride_l_s,
stride_l_v,
stride_t_b,
stride_t_s,
stride_t_k,
stride_p_b,
stride_p_s,
stride_p_k,
stride_m_b,
stride_m_s,
stride_m_k,
BLOCK_SIZE: tl.constexpr,
):
# Program ID
pid = tl.program_id(0)
batch_idx = pid // S
seq_idx = pid % S
# Bounds check
if batch_idx >= B or seq_idx >= S:
return
# Base pointers for this (batch, seq) pair
grad_logits_base = (
grad_student_logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_gl_b + seq_idx * stride_gl_s
)
# logits_base = student_logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_l_b + seq_idx * stride_l_s
token_ids_base = (
target_token_ids_ptr + batch_idx * stride_t_b + seq_idx * stride_t_s
)
teacher_probs_base = (
teacher_probs_ptr + batch_idx * stride_p_b + seq_idx * stride_p_s
)
mask_base = mask_ptr + batch_idx * stride_m_b + seq_idx * stride_m_s
# Softmax over full vocab case
for k in range(0, K):
# Load token ID, teacher prob, and mask for this position
token_id = tl.load(token_ids_base + k * stride_t_k)
teacher_prob = tl.load(teacher_probs_base + k * stride_p_k)
mask_val = tl.load(mask_base + k * stride_m_k)
# Apply mask by scaling gradient to zero if masked
grad_val = teacher_prob * scale * mask_val
# Update the gradient for this token's position in the vocabulary
# Only contributes if mask_val is non-zero
tl.atomic_add(grad_logits_base + token_id * stride_gl_v, grad_val)
@triton.jit
def grad_topk_softmax_kernel(
grad_student_logits_ptr,
student_logits_ptr,
target_token_ids_ptr,
teacher_probs_ptr,
student_probs_ptr,
mask_ptr,
B,
S,
V,
K, # batch size, seq len, vocab size, top-k
scale,
stride_gl_b,
stride_gl_s,
stride_gl_v,
stride_l_b,
stride_l_s,
stride_l_v,
stride_t_b,
stride_t_s,
stride_t_k,
stride_p_b,
stride_p_s,
stride_p_k,
stride_sp_b,
stride_sp_s,
stride_sp_k,
stride_m_b,
stride_m_s,
stride_m_k,
BLOCK_SIZE: tl.constexpr,
):
# Program ID
pid = tl.program_id(0)
batch_idx = pid // S
seq_idx = pid % S
# Bounds check
if batch_idx >= B or seq_idx >= S:
return
# Base pointers for this (batch, seq) pair
grad_logits_base = (
grad_student_logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_gl_b + seq_idx * stride_gl_s
)
# logits_base = student_logits_ptr + batch_idx * stride_l_b + seq_idx * stride_l_s
token_ids_base = (
target_token_ids_ptr + batch_idx * stride_t_b + seq_idx * stride_t_s
)
teacher_probs_base = (
teacher_probs_ptr + batch_idx * stride_p_b + seq_idx * stride_p_s
)
student_probs_base = (
student_probs_ptr + batch_idx * stride_sp_b + seq_idx * stride_sp_s
)
mask_base = mask_ptr + batch_idx * stride_m_b + seq_idx * stride_m_s
# Load all token IDs, probs and masks for this position
token_ids = tl.zeros([K], dtype=tl.int32)
teacher_probs = tl.zeros([K], dtype=tl.float32)
student_probs = tl.zeros([K], dtype=tl.float32)
masks = tl.zeros([K], dtype=tl.float32)
for k in range(K):
token_ids[k] = tl.load(token_ids_base + k * stride_t_k)
teacher_probs[k] = tl.load(teacher_probs_base + k * stride_p_k)
student_probs[k] = tl.load(student_probs_base + k * stride_sp_k)
masks[k] = tl.load(mask_base + k * stride_m_k)
# Process gradients for all tokens in this position
for k in range(K):
# token_id = token_ids[k]
mask_k = masks[k]
# Skip computation if mask is zero by multiplying gradient by mask
for j in range(K):
other_token_id = token_ids[j]
mask_j = masks[j]
combined_mask = mask_k * mask_j
# Compute gradient differently for diagonal vs off-diagonal entries
# Using * 1.0 to convert boolean to float
is_diagonal = tl.where(j == k, 1.0, 0.0)
# Self influence: gradient = teacher_prob * (1 - student_prob)
self_grad = teacher_probs[k] * (1.0 - student_probs[k]) * is_diagonal
# Cross influence: gradient = -teacher_prob[k] * student_prob[j]
cross_grad = -teacher_probs[k] * student_probs[j] * (1.0 - is_diagonal)
# Combined gradient scaled by mask
grad_val = (self_grad + cross_grad) * scale * combined_mask
tl.atomic_add(grad_logits_base + other_token_id * stride_gl_v, grad_val)
# Triton-accelerated implementation of KL divergence loss for top-k tokens # Triton-accelerated implementation of KL divergence loss for top-k tokens
class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function): class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function):
"""
Autograd function for KL divergence loss between top-k logprobs
"""
@staticmethod @staticmethod
def forward(ctx, student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, target_mask, def forward(
num_items_in_batch=-1, kd_temperature=1.0, top_k_before_softmax=0): ctx,
student_logits,
target_token_ids,
target_logprobs,
target_mask,
num_items_in_batch=-1,
kd_temperature=1.0,
top_k_before_softmax=0,
):
""" """
Forward pass for KL divergence loss between top-k logprobs. Forward pass for KL divergence loss between top-k logprobs.
""" """
@@ -68,8 +255,8 @@ class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function):
target_logprobs = target_logprobs.float() target_logprobs = target_logprobs.float()
# Get dimensions # Get dimensions
batch_size, student_seq_len, vocab_size = student_logits.shape batch_size, _, vocab_size = student_logits.shape
_, teacher_seq_len, top_k = target_token_ids.shape _, teacher_seq_len, _ = target_token_ids.shape
# Slice student logits to match teacher sequence length # Slice student logits to match teacher sequence length
student_logits_for_kd = student_logits[:, :teacher_seq_len, :] student_logits_for_kd = student_logits[:, :teacher_seq_len, :]
@@ -80,36 +267,57 @@ class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function):
student_logits_for_kd = student_logits_for_kd / kd_temperature student_logits_for_kd = student_logits_for_kd / kd_temperature
# 2. Gather student logits for top-k tokens # 2. Gather student logits for top-k tokens
student_logits_topk = torch.gather(student_logits_for_kd, dim=-1, index=target_token_ids) student_logits_topk = torch.gather(
student_logits_for_kd, dim=-1, index=target_token_ids
)
# 3. Compute softmax over gathered logits # 3. Compute softmax over gathered logits
student_logprobs_topk = torch.log_softmax(student_logits_topk, dim=-1) student_logprobs_topk = torch.log_softmax(student_logits_topk, dim=-1)
student_probs_topk = torch.exp(student_logprobs_topk)
else: else:
# 1. Apply temperature to student logits # 1. Apply temperature to student logits
if kd_temperature != 1.0: if kd_temperature != 1.0:
student_logits_for_kd = student_logits_for_kd / kd_temperature student_logits_for_kd = student_logits_for_kd / kd_temperature
# 2. Gather student logits for top-k tokens # 2. Gather student logits for top-k tokens
student_logits_topk = torch.gather(student_logits_for_kd, dim=-1, index=target_token_ids) student_logits_topk = torch.gather(
student_logits_for_kd, dim=-1, index=target_token_ids
)
# 3. Compute logsumexp over full vocabulary using Triton # 3. Compute logsumexp over full vocabulary using Triton
student_lse = torch.empty((batch_size, teacher_seq_len), student_lse = torch.empty(
dtype=torch.float32, device=student_logits.device) (batch_size, teacher_seq_len),
dtype=torch.float32,
device=student_logits.device,
)
grid = (batch_size * teacher_seq_len,) grid = (batch_size * teacher_seq_len,)
logsumexp_kernel[grid]( logsumexp_kernel[grid](
student_logits_for_kd.contiguous(), student_lse, student_logits_for_kd.contiguous(),
batch_size, teacher_seq_len, vocab_size, student_lse,
student_logits_for_kd.stride(0), student_logits_for_kd.stride(1), student_logits_for_kd.stride(2), batch_size,
student_lse.stride(0), student_lse.stride(1), teacher_seq_len,
min(1024, triton.next_power_of_2(vocab_size)) vocab_size,
student_logits_for_kd.stride(0),
student_logits_for_kd.stride(1),
student_logits_for_kd.stride(2),
student_lse.stride(0),
student_lse.stride(1),
min(1024, triton.next_power_of_2(vocab_size)),
) )
# 4. Convert to logprobs # 4. Convert to logprobs
student_logprobs_topk = student_logits_topk - student_lse.unsqueeze(-1) student_logprobs_topk = student_logits_topk - student_lse.unsqueeze(-1)
student_probs_topk = torch.exp(student_logprobs_topk)
# Save tensors for backward pass # Save tensors for backward pass
ctx.save_for_backward(student_logits_for_kd, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, target_mask, student_logprobs_topk) ctx.save_for_backward(
student_logits_for_kd,
target_token_ids,
target_logprobs,
target_mask,
student_probs_topk,
)
ctx.kd_temperature = kd_temperature ctx.kd_temperature = kd_temperature
ctx.top_k_before_softmax = top_k_before_softmax ctx.top_k_before_softmax = top_k_before_softmax
ctx.num_items_in_batch = num_items_in_batch ctx.num_items_in_batch = num_items_in_batch
@@ -125,7 +333,9 @@ class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function):
teacher_probs_valid = torch.exp(target_logprobs_valid) teacher_probs_valid = torch.exp(target_logprobs_valid)
# Compute KL divergence loss # Compute KL divergence loss
token_losses = teacher_probs_valid * (target_logprobs_valid - student_logprobs_valid) token_losses = teacher_probs_valid * (
target_logprobs_valid - student_logprobs_valid
)
kd_loss = token_losses.sum() kd_loss = token_losses.sum()
# Apply temperature scaling # Apply temperature scaling
@@ -143,69 +353,128 @@ class TopKKLDivergence(torch.autograd.Function):
@staticmethod @staticmethod
def backward(ctx, grad_output): def backward(ctx, grad_output):
""" """
Backward pass for KL divergence loss. Optimized backward pass for KL divergence loss.
""" """
student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, target_mask, student_logprobs = ctx.saved_tensors (
student_logits,
target_token_ids,
target_logprobs,
target_mask,
student_probs,
) = ctx.saved_tensors
kd_temperature = ctx.kd_temperature kd_temperature = ctx.kd_temperature
top_k_before_softmax = ctx.top_k_before_softmax top_k_before_softmax = ctx.top_k_before_softmax
num_items_in_batch = ctx.num_items_in_batch num_items_in_batch = ctx.num_items_in_batch
valid_mask = target_mask.bool()
batch_size, seq_len, vocab_size = student_logits.shape batch_size, seq_len, vocab_size = student_logits.shape
_, _, top_k = target_token_ids.shape
# Initialize gradient tensor
grad_student_logits = torch.zeros_like(student_logits) grad_student_logits = torch.zeros_like(student_logits)
# Convert teacher logprobs to probs # Compute scaling factor
teacher_probs = torch.exp(target_logprobs) scale = grad_output.item()
# Scale gradient by temperature if needed # Apply temperature scaling
scale = (kd_temperature**2) if kd_temperature != 1.0 else 1.0 if kd_temperature != 1.0:
scale = scale * (kd_temperature**2)
# Normalize by number of items or valid tokens # Normalize by number of items or valid tokens
if num_items_in_batch > 0: if num_items_in_batch > 0:
scale = scale / float(num_items_in_batch) scale = scale / float(num_items_in_batch)
else: else:
scale = scale / float(valid_mask.sum().item()) scale = scale / float(target_mask.sum().item())
# Apply gradient # If we used temperature scaling in the forward pass, we need to apply it in the backward pass
scale = scale * grad_output.item() if kd_temperature != 1.0:
scale = scale / kd_temperature
# Let PyTorch compute the gradients for us # Convert teacher logprobs to probabilities
with torch.enable_grad(): teacher_probs = torch.exp(target_logprobs)
student_logits_grad = student_logits.detach().requires_grad_(True)
if top_k_before_softmax: # Depending on which mode was used in forward, we use different gradient calculation
student_logits_topk = torch.gather( if top_k_before_softmax:
student_logits_grad / kd_temperature if kd_temperature != 1.0 else student_logits_grad, # Case 1: Softmax over top-k tokens
dim=-1, index=target_token_ids grid = (batch_size * seq_len,)
) grad_topk_softmax_kernel[grid](
student_logprobs_topk = torch.log_softmax(student_logits_topk, dim=-1) grad_student_logits.contiguous(),
else: student_logits.contiguous(),
temp_logits = student_logits_grad / kd_temperature if kd_temperature != 1.0 else student_logits_grad target_token_ids.contiguous(),
student_logits_topk = torch.gather(temp_logits, dim=-1, index=target_token_ids) teacher_probs.contiguous(),
student_lse = torch.logsumexp(temp_logits, dim=-1, keepdim=True) student_probs.contiguous(),
student_logprobs_topk = student_logits_topk - student_lse target_mask.contiguous(),
batch_size,
# Extract valid tokens only seq_len,
student_logprobs_valid = student_logprobs_topk[valid_mask] vocab_size,
target_logprobs_valid = target_logprobs[valid_mask] top_k,
teacher_probs_valid = torch.exp(target_logprobs_valid) scale,
grad_student_logits.stride(0),
# Compute KL divergence loss grad_student_logits.stride(1),
token_losses = teacher_probs_valid * (target_logprobs_valid - student_logprobs_valid) grad_student_logits.stride(2),
kd_loss = token_losses.sum() * scale student_logits.stride(0),
student_logits.stride(1),
# Backward pass student_logits.stride(2),
kd_loss.backward() target_token_ids.stride(0),
target_token_ids.stride(1),
grad_student_logits = student_logits_grad.grad target_token_ids.stride(2),
teacher_probs.stride(0),
teacher_probs.stride(1),
teacher_probs.stride(2),
student_probs.stride(0),
student_probs.stride(1),
student_probs.stride(2),
target_mask.stride(0),
target_mask.stride(1),
target_mask.stride(2),
min(256, triton.next_power_of_2(top_k)),
)
else:
# Case 2: Softmax over full vocab
grid = (batch_size * seq_len,)
grad_softmax_kernel[grid](
grad_student_logits.contiguous(),
student_logits.contiguous(),
target_token_ids.contiguous(),
teacher_probs.contiguous(),
target_mask.contiguous(),
batch_size,
seq_len,
vocab_size,
top_k,
scale,
grad_student_logits.stride(0),
grad_student_logits.stride(1),
grad_student_logits.stride(2),
student_logits.stride(0),
student_logits.stride(1),
student_logits.stride(2),
target_token_ids.stride(0),
target_token_ids.stride(1),
target_token_ids.stride(2),
teacher_probs.stride(0),
teacher_probs.stride(1),
teacher_probs.stride(2),
target_mask.stride(0),
target_mask.stride(1),
target_mask.stride(2),
min(256, triton.next_power_of_2(top_k)),
)
# Return gradients for student_logits and None for other inputs
return grad_student_logits, None, None, None, None, None, None return grad_student_logits, None, None, None, None, None, None
# Wrapper function for chunked computation # Wrapper function for chunked computation
def kl_div_loss_chunked(student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, target_mask, def kl_div_loss_chunked(
num_items_in_batch=-1, kd_temperature=1.0, top_k_before_softmax=0, student_logits,
n_chunks=1): target_token_ids,
target_logprobs,
target_mask,
num_items_in_batch=-1,
kd_temperature=1.0,
top_k_before_softmax=0,
n_chunks=1,
):
""" """
Memory-efficient KL divergence loss computation. Memory-efficient KL divergence loss computation.
@@ -227,7 +496,18 @@ def kl_div_loss_chunked(student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, targe
# Determine the actual number of chunks to use (find largest factor <= n_chunks) # Determine the actual number of chunks to use (find largest factor <= n_chunks)
factors = [i for i in range(1, batch_size + 1) if batch_size % i == 0] factors = [i for i in range(1, batch_size + 1) if batch_size % i == 0]
actual_chunks = factors[min(len(factors) - 1, max(0, next((i for i, f in enumerate(factors) if f >= n_chunks), len(factors) - 1)))] actual_chunks = factors[
min(
len(factors) - 1,
max(
0,
next(
(i for i, f in enumerate(factors) if f >= n_chunks),
len(factors) - 1,
),
),
)
]
# Compute chunk size # Compute chunk size
chunk_size = batch_size // actual_chunks chunk_size = batch_size // actual_chunks
@@ -243,7 +523,7 @@ def kl_div_loss_chunked(student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, targe
target_mask[i:chunk_end], target_mask[i:chunk_end],
-1 if num_items_in_batch <= 0 else num_items_in_batch // actual_chunks, -1 if num_items_in_batch <= 0 else num_items_in_batch // actual_chunks,
kd_temperature, kd_temperature,
top_k_before_softmax top_k_before_softmax,
) )
total_loss += chunk_loss total_loss += chunk_loss
@@ -259,7 +539,7 @@ def loss(
num_items_in_batch: int = -1, num_items_in_batch: int = -1,
kd_temperature: float = 1.0, kd_temperature: float = 1.0,
top_k_before_softmax: int = 0, top_k_before_softmax: int = 0,
n_chunks: int = 1 n_chunks: int = 1,
) -> torch.Tensor: ) -> torch.Tensor:
""" """
Triton-accelerated KL divergence loss for knowledge distillation. Triton-accelerated KL divergence loss for knowledge distillation.
@@ -275,7 +555,12 @@ def loss(
n_chunks: Number of chunks for memory efficiency n_chunks: Number of chunks for memory efficiency
""" """
return kl_div_loss_chunked( return kl_div_loss_chunked(
student_logits, target_token_ids, target_logprobs, target_mask, student_logits,
num_items_in_batch, kd_temperature, top_k_before_softmax, target_token_ids,
n_chunks target_logprobs,
target_mask,
num_items_in_batch,
kd_temperature,
top_k_before_softmax,
n_chunks,
) )