diff --git a/scripts/finetune.py b/scripts/finetune.py
index da08fda0b..e7c70b581 100644
--- a/scripts/finetune.py
+++ b/scripts/finetune.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ from optimum.bettertransformer import BetterTransformer
 from transformers import GenerationConfig, TextStreamer
 
 from axolotl.logging_config import configure_logging
-from axolotl.utils.bench import log_gpu_memory_usage
 from axolotl.utils.config import normalize_config, validate_config
 from axolotl.utils.data import load_prepare_datasets, load_pretraining_dataset
 from axolotl.utils.dict import DictDefault
@@ -226,8 +225,6 @@ def train(
         LOG.info("Finished preparing dataset. Exiting...")
         return
 
-    log_gpu_memory_usage(LOG, "baseline", cfg.device)
-
     # Load the model and tokenizer
     LOG.info("loading model and (optionally) peft_config...")
     model, peft_config = load_model(cfg, tokenizer)
diff --git a/src/axolotl/utils/bench.py b/src/axolotl/utils/bench.py
index 759fb6e21..c39d07772 100644
--- a/src/axolotl/utils/bench.py
+++ b/src/axolotl/utils/bench.py
@@ -4,13 +4,23 @@ import pynvml
 import torch
 
 
-def gpu_memory_usage(device):
+def gpu_memory_usage(device=0):
+    return torch.cuda.memory_allocated(device) / 1024.0**3
+
+
+def gpu_memory_usage_all(device=0):
+    usage = torch.cuda.memory_allocated(device) / 1024.0**3
+    reserved = torch.cuda.memory_reserved(device) / 1024.0**3
+    smi = gpu_memory_usage_smi(device)
+    return usage, reserved - usage, max(0, smi - reserved)
+
+
+def gpu_memory_usage_smi(device=0):
     if isinstance(device, torch.device):
         device = device.index
     if isinstance(device, str) and device.startswith("cuda:"):
         device = int(device[5:])
 
-    # NB torch.cuda.memory_usage returns zero so we use lower level api
     pynvml.nvmlInit()
     handle = pynvml.nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex(device)
     info = pynvml.nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo(handle)
@@ -18,6 +28,13 @@ def gpu_memory_usage(device):
 
 
 def log_gpu_memory_usage(log, msg, device):
+    usage, cache, misc = gpu_memory_usage_all(device)
+    extras = []
+    if cache > 0:
+        extras.append(f"+{cache:.03f}GB cache")
+    if misc > 0:
+        extras.append(f"+{misc:.03f}GB misc")
     log.info(
-        f"GPU memory usage {msg}: {gpu_memory_usage(device):.03f} GB", stacklevel=2
+        f"GPU memory usage {msg}: {usage:.03f}GB ({', '.join(extras)})", stacklevel=2
     )
+    return usage, cache, misc
diff --git a/src/axolotl/utils/callbacks.py b/src/axolotl/utils/callbacks.py
index f06762b6b..32a7f0c99 100644
--- a/src/axolotl/utils/callbacks.py
+++ b/src/axolotl/utils/callbacks.py
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ class SaveBetterTransformerModelCallback(
         return control
 
 
-class PrintGPUStatsCallback(
+class GPUStatsCallback(
     TrainerCallback
 ):  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods disable=unused-argument
-    """Callback to print GPU utilization"""
+    """Callback to track GPU utilization"""
 
     def __init__(self, cfg):
         self.cfg = cfg
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class PrintGPUStatsCallback(
         control: TrainerControl,
         **kwargs,
     ):
-        if not self.logged:
+        if not self.logged and state.global_step > 1:
             log_gpu_memory_usage(LOG, "while training", self.cfg.device)
             self.logged = True
         return control
diff --git a/src/axolotl/utils/config.py b/src/axolotl/utils/config.py
index e69bffa7a..9873687aa 100644
--- a/src/axolotl/utils/config.py
+++ b/src/axolotl/utils/config.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import os
 
 import torch
 
+from axolotl.utils.bench import log_gpu_memory_usage
+
 LOG = logging.getLogger("axolotl")
 
 
@@ -54,6 +56,8 @@ def normalize_config(cfg):
     else:
         torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_tf32 = cfg.tf32 or False
 
+    log_gpu_memory_usage(LOG, "baseline", cfg.device)
+
 
 def validate_config(cfg):
     if cfg.max_packed_sequence_len and cfg.sample_packing:
diff --git a/src/axolotl/utils/models.py b/src/axolotl/utils/models.py
index 2f672433d..fcc3a3ac4 100644
--- a/src/axolotl/utils/models.py
+++ b/src/axolotl/utils/models.py
@@ -381,9 +381,6 @@ def load_model(
                 module.scales = module.scales.half()
                 module.bias = module.bias.half()
 
-    if model.device.type == "cuda":
-        log_gpu_memory_usage(LOG, "after adapters", model.device)
-
     if (
         torch.cuda.device_count() > 1
         and int(os.getenv("WORLD_SIZE", "1")) > 1
@@ -406,6 +403,9 @@ def load_model(
     if cfg.flash_optimum:
         model = BetterTransformer.transform(model)
 
+    if cfg.adapter is not None:
+        log_gpu_memory_usage(LOG, "after adapters", model.device)
+
     # TODO resume_from_checkpoint handling
     return model, lora_config
 
diff --git a/src/axolotl/utils/trainer.py b/src/axolotl/utils/trainer.py
index 25d0b1e82..b143cb01f 100644
--- a/src/axolotl/utils/trainer.py
+++ b/src/axolotl/utils/trainer.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from transformers import EarlyStoppingCallback, Trainer, TrainingArguments
 from transformers.trainer_pt_utils import get_parameter_names
 
 from axolotl.utils.callbacks import (
-    PrintGPUStatsCallback,
+    GPUStatsCallback,
     SaveBetterTransformerModelCallback,
     SavePeftModelCallback,
 )
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ def setup_trainer(cfg, train_dataset, eval_dataset, model, tokenizer, total_num_
         trainer_kwargs["optimizers"] = (optimizer, lr_scheduler)
 
     callbacks = []
-    callbacks.append(PrintGPUStatsCallback(cfg))
+    callbacks.append(GPUStatsCallback(cfg))
     # TODO on_save callback to sync checkpoints to GCP/AWS in background
     if cfg.early_stopping_patience:
         early_stop_cb = EarlyStoppingCallback(