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Troubleshooting NCCL issues
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<p>NVIDIA NCCL is a library to facilitate and optimize multi-GPU communication operations, such as broadcast, all-gather, reduce, all-reduce, etc. Broadly, NCCL configuration is highly environment-specific and is configured via several <a href="https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/nccl/user-guide/docs/env.html">environment variables</a>. A common NCCL-related problem occurs when a long-running operation times out causing the training process to abort:</p>
<pre class="text"><code>Watchdog caught collective operation timeout: WorkNCCL(SeqNum=42, OpType=ALLGATHER, Timeout(ms)=1800000) ran for 1806948 milliseconds before timing out.</code></pre>
<p>Often, this timeout will happen after 30 minutes (the default setting) and is accompanied by below-average power consumption with near 100% GPU utilization before the error is raised. Nvidia recommends <a href="https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/nccl/user-guide/docs/troubleshooting.html#pci-access-control-services-acs">disabling PCI access control services (ACS)</a> as a possible solution if this is available to you.</p>
<p>Forcing cross-GPU communication via <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVLink">NVLink</a> may help without increasing timeouts. To verify that your configuration is leveraging NVLink run the following command:</p>
<pre class="shell"><code>nvidia-smi nvlink --status</code></pre>
<p>To force NCCL to use NVLink, simply set this in the environment:</p>
<pre class="shell"><code>export NCCL_P2P_LEVEL=NVL</code></pre>
<p>If NVLink is not available in your environment there are other options for <code>NCCL_P2P_LEVEL</code> in the table below:</p>
<table class="caption-top table">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 56%">
<col style="width: 44%">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>NCCL_P2P_LEVEL</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>PIX</td>
<td>P2P data transfers through no more than a single PCIe bridge. Faster data transfer rates vs to paths involving multiple bridges, but slower compared to direct GPU-to-GPU communication.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>PXB</td>
<td>P2P data transfers through multiple PCIe bridges but not going through the PCIe Host Bridge; this path involves a complex routing process, potentially incurring a moderate level of latency.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>PHB</td>
<td>P2P data transfers occur over the PCIe and through a PCIe Host Bridge, typically involving the CPU, which can facilitate direct memory access but might introduce additional latency compared to more direct paths (ex PIX, NVL)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>To validate that acceptable data transfer speeds exist for your training job, running <a href="https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl-tests/blob/master/README.md">NCCL Tests</a> can help pinpoint bottlenecks, for example:</p>
<pre class="shell"><code>./build/all_reduce_perf -b 8 -e 128M -f 2 -g 3</code></pre>
<p>It can be useful when debugging NCCL communication timeouts to activate additional logging in both PyTorch and NCCL:</p>
<pre class="shell"><code>export NCCL_DEBUG=INFO
export NCCL_DEBUG_SUBSYS=ALL
export TORCH_DISTRIBUTED_DEBUG=INFO
export TORCHELASTIC_ERROR_FILE=/PATH/TO/torcherror.log</code></pre>
<p>Finally, if you believe your training job needs more time you can increase the timeout past 30 minutes by setting the <code>ddp_timeout</code> value in the Axolotl configuration. See <a href="https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html#torch.distributed.init_process_group">PyTorch init_process_group</a> for documentation on this value.</p>
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const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
try {
const html = processXRef(id, note.cloneNode(true));
instance.setContent(html);
} finally {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch this
fetch(url.split('#')[0])
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
const html = processXRef(id, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch a full url (with no hash to target)
// This is a special case and we should probably do some content thinning / targeting
fetch(url)
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.querySelector('main.content');
if (note !== null) {
// This should only happen for chapter cross references
// (since there is no id in the URL)
// remove the first header
if (note.children.length > 0 && note.children[0].tagName === "HEADER") {
note.children[0].remove();
}
const html = processXRef(null, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
}, function(instance) {
});
}
let selectedAnnoteEl;
const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => {
let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"';
let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"';
const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']';
return selector;
}
const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => {
const doc = window.document;
const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell");
const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation");
const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation));
const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(",");
const lineIds = lines.map((line) => {
return targetCell + "-" + line;
})
let top = null;
let height = null;
let parent = null;
if (lineIds.length > 0) {
//compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div)
const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]);
top = el.offsetTop;
height = el.offsetHeight;
parent = el.parentElement.parentElement;
if (lineIds.length > 1) {
const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]);
const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight;
height = bottom - top;
}
if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) {
// cook up a div (if necessary) and position it
let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight");
if (div === null) {
div = window.document.createElement("div");
div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight");
div.style.position = 'absolute';
parent.appendChild(div);
}
div.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
div.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
div.style.left = 0;
let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
if (gutterDiv === null) {
gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div");
gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell);
const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter');
gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv);
}
gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
}
selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl;
}
};
const unselectCodeLines = () => {
const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"];
elementsIds.forEach((elId) => {
const div = window.document.getElementById(elId);
if (div) {
div.remove();
}
});
selectedAnnoteEl = undefined;
};
// Handle positioning of the toggle
window.addEventListener(
"resize",
throttle(() => {
elRect = undefined;
if (selectedAnnoteEl) {
selectCodeLines(selectedAnnoteEl);
}
}, 10)
);
function throttle(fn, ms) {
let throttle = false;
let timer;
return (...args) => {
if(!throttle) { // first call gets through
fn.apply(this, args);
throttle = true;
} else { // all the others get throttled
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer); // cancel #2
timer = setTimeout(() => {
fn.apply(this, args);
timer = throttle = false;
}, ms);
}
};
}
// Attach click handler to the DT
const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]');
for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) {
annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
const clickedEl = event.target;
if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) {
unselectCodeLines();
const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active');
if (activeEl) {
activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
}
selectCodeLines(clickedEl);
clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active');
} else {
// Unselect the line
unselectCodeLines();
clickedEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
}
});
}
const findCites = (el) => {
const parentEl = el.parentElement;
if (parentEl) {
const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites;
if (cites) {
return {
el,
cites: cites.split(' ')
};
} else {
return findCites(el.parentElement)
}
} else {
return undefined;
}
};
var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]');
for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) {
const ref = bibliorefs[i];
const citeInfo = findCites(ref);
if (citeInfo) {
tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() {
var popup = window.document.createElement('div');
citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) {
var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div');
citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent');
citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry');
var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite);
if (biblioDiv) {
citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML;
}
popup.appendChild(citeDiv);
});
return popup.innerHTML;
});
}
}
});
</script>
</div> <!-- /content -->
</body></html>