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Author SHA1 Message Date
Dan Saunders
e910e3e164 Revert "Multipack parallel bin packing (#2631)"
This reverts commit 8e4158cc0b.
2025-05-09 17:33:31 +00:00
1081 changed files with 21442 additions and 130007 deletions

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@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
#!/bin/bash
_axolotl_completions() {
local cur prev
COMPREPLY=()
cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}"
# If we're completing the first argument (the command)
if [[ $COMP_CWORD -eq 1 ]]; then
mapfile -t COMPREPLY < <(compgen -W "delinearize-llama4 fetch lm-eval merge-sharded-fsdp-weights quantize vllm-serve evaluate inference merge-lora preprocess train" -- "$cur")
return 0
fi
# Commands that should complete with directories and YAML files
local -a yaml_commands=("merge-sharded-fsdp-weights" "quantize" "vllm-serve" "evaluate" "inference" "merge-lora" "preprocess" "train")
# Check if previous word is in our list
if [[ " ${yaml_commands[*]} " =~ (^|[[:space:]])$prev($|[[:space:]]) ]]; then
# Use filename completion which handles directories properly
compopt -o filenames
mapfile -t COMPREPLY < <(compgen -f -- "$cur")
# Filter to only include directories and YAML files
local -a filtered=()
for item in "${COMPREPLY[@]}"; do
if [[ -d "$item" ]] || [[ "$item" == *.yaml ]] || [[ "$item" == *.yml ]]; then
filtered+=("$item")
fi
done
COMPREPLY=("${filtered[@]}")
return 0
fi
# Default: no completion
return 0
}
# Remove the -o nospace option - let filenames handle it
complete -F _axolotl_completions axolotl

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@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
[bandit]
exclude = tests
skips = B101,B615,B102,B110
skips = B101

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@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
# yaml-language-server: $schema=https://coderabbit.ai/integrations/schema.v2.json
language: "en-US"
early_access: false
reviews:
profile: "chill"
request_changes_workflow: false
high_level_summary: true
review_status: true
collapse_walkthrough: true
poem: false
sequence_diagrams: false
auto_review:
enabled: true
drafts: false
auto_incremental_review: false
chat:
auto_reply: true

5
.flake8 Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
[flake8]
max-line-length = 88
select = C,E,F,W,B,B950
extend-ignore = E203, E501, W503

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@@ -31,11 +31,7 @@ PRs are **greatly welcome**!
Please run below to setup env
```bash
# Install axolotl + dev and test dependencies
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128 # or cu130
uv venv --no-project --relocatable
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e '.[deepspeed]' --group dev --group test
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
pre-commit install
# test
@@ -61,23 +57,11 @@ We welcome ideas for improvements and new features. To suggest an enhancement, o
5. Push your branch to your fork on GitHub.
6. Open a new pull request against the `main` branch of the axolotl repository. Include a clear and concise description of your changes, referencing any related issues.
#### Skipping CI Checks
You can skip certain CI checks by including specific keywords in your commit messages:
- `[skip ci]` or `skip ci` - Skips all CI checks for that commit
- `[skip-e2e]` or `skip-e2e` - Skips only end-to-end tests while running other CI checks. You may also include this in the title of your PR to disable end-to-end tests for the entire PR.
## Style Guidelines
### Code Style
axolotl uses [Ruff](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/) as its code style guide. Please ensure that your code follows these guidelines.
Use the pre-commit linter to ensure that your code is formatted consistently.
```bash
pre-commit run --all-files
```
axolotl uses [{codestyle}]({URLofCodestyle}) as its code style guide. Please ensure that your code follows these guidelines.
### Commit Messages
@@ -87,6 +71,6 @@ Write clear and concise commit messages that briefly describe the changes made i
- [GitHub Help](https://help.github.com/)
- [GitHub Pull Request Documentation](https://docs.github.com/en/github/collaborating-with-issues-and-pull-requests)
- [Ruff](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/)
- [{codestyle}]({URLofCodestyle})
Thank you once again for your interest in contributing to axolotl. We look forward to collaborating with you and creating an even better project together!

6
.github/FUNDING.yml vendored
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@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
# These are supported funding model platforms
github: # Replace with up to 4 GitHub Sponsors-enabled usernames e.g., [user1, user2]
github: [winglian, OpenAccess-AI-Collective] # Replace with up to 4 GitHub Sponsors-enabled usernames e.g., [user1, user2]
patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
ko_fi: axolotl_ai # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
tidelift: # Replace with a single Tidelift platform-name/package-name e.g., npm/babel
community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
lfx_crowdfunding: # Replace with a single LFX Crowdfunding project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']
custom: ['https://quickchart.io/qr?text=bitcoin%3Abc1qxlgwlqwfea5s2cxm42xqsfmwjct0rj8w8ea5np&size=480&centerImageUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F4%2F46%2FBitcoin.svg%2F64px-Bitcoin.svg.png'] # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']

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@@ -15,11 +15,6 @@
<!--- Include details of your testing environment, tests ran to see how -->
<!--- your change affects other areas of the code, etc. -->
## AI Usage Disclaimer
<!--- Was AI (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot) used to generate or assist with this PR? -->
<!--- Please indicate: No / Yes (specify which tool and to what extent) -->
## Screenshots (if appropriate)
## Types of changes

View File

@@ -5,102 +5,65 @@ on:
branches:
- "main"
paths:
- 'docker/Dockerfile-base'
- 'docker/Dockerfile-uv-base'
- 'Dockerfile-base'
- '.github/workflows/base.yml'
pull_request:
paths:
- 'docker/Dockerfile-base'
- 'docker/Dockerfile-uv-base'
- 'Dockerfile-base'
- '.github/workflows/base.yml'
workflow_dispatch:
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build-base:
if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || !github.event.pull_request.draft) }}
timeout-minutes: 480
if: github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud'
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
runs-on: ubuntu-latest-m
env:
HAS_DOCKERHUB_CREDS: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME != '' && secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN != '' }}
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: "124"
cuda_version: 12.4.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.5.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
- cuda: "124"
cuda_version: 12.4.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
- cuda: "126"
cuda_version: 12.6.3
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
- cuda: "126"
cuda_version: 12.6.3
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.7.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.6.3
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.7.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: nightly
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.10.0
pytorch: next
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
# - cuda: "129"
# cuda_version: 12.9.1
# cudnn_version: ""
# python_version: "3.12"
# pytorch: 2.9.1
# torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
# dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
# platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
# - cuda: "128"
# cuda_version: 12.8.1
# cudnn_version: ""
# python_version: "3.11"
# pytorch: nightly
# torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
# dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base-nightly"
# # "next" is for release candidates of pytorch
# - cuda: "128"
# cuda_version: 12.8.1
# cudnn_version: ""
# python_version: "3.11"
# pytorch: next
# torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
# dockerfile: "Dockerfile-base-next"
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -109,128 +72,20 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl-base
axolotlai/axolotl-base
- name: Login to Docker Hub
uses: docker/login-action@v3
if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' && env.HAS_DOCKERHUB_CREDS == 'true' }}
uses: docker/login-action@v2
with:
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- name: Build
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
uses: docker/build-push-action@v4
with:
context: .
file: ./docker/${{ matrix.dockerfile }}
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
build-args: |
CUDA_VERSION=${{ matrix.cuda_version }}
CUDNN_VERSION=${{ matrix.cudnn_version }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}
PYTHON_VERSION=${{ matrix.python_version }}
PYTORCH_VERSION=${{ matrix.pytorch }}
TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST=${{ matrix.torch_cuda_arch_list }}
build-base-uv:
if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || !github.event.pull_request.draft) }}
timeout-minutes: 480
runs-on: ubuntu-latest-m
env:
HAS_DOCKERHUB_CREDS: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME != '' && secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN != '' }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.10.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "128"
cuda_version: 12.8.1
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
# - cuda: "129"
# cuda_version: 12.9.1
# cudnn_version: ""
# python_version: "3.12"
# pytorch: 2.9.1
# torch_cuda_arch_list: "7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0+PTX"
# dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
# platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: "130"
cuda_version: 13.0.0
cudnn_version: ""
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
torch_cuda_arch_list: "9.0+PTX"
dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv-base"
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Docker metadata
id: metadata
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv
- name: Login to Docker Hub
uses: docker/login-action@v3
if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' && env.HAS_DOCKERHUB_CREDS == 'true' }}
with:
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- name: Build
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
file: ./docker/${{ matrix.dockerfile }}
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
file: ${{ matrix.pytorch == 'nightly' && './docker/Dockerfile-base-nightly' || matrix.pytorch == 'next' && './docker/Dockerfile-base-next' || './docker/Dockerfile-base' }}
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}

View File

@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@ jobs:
build-deploy:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: cleanup node
run: |
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet /usr/local/lib/android /opt/ghc /opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL
- name: Check out repository
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up Quarto
@@ -26,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
python3 -m pip install jupyter quartodoc
python3 -m pip install -e .
python3 -m pip install -e . --no-deps
- name: Build autodoc
run: quartodoc build
- name: Publish to GitHub Pages (and render)

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@@ -3,24 +3,18 @@ on:
# check on PRs, and manual triggers
merge_group:
pull_request:
types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
paths:
- '**.py'
- 'pyproject.toml'
- 'requirements.txt'
- '.github/workflows/*.yml'
- "*.[q]md"
- "examples/**/*.y[a]?ml"
- ".pre-commit-config.yaml"
workflow_dispatch:
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
pre-commit:
name: pre-commit
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-python@v5

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@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ on:
- "v*"
workflow_dispatch:
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build-axolotl:
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
@@ -18,37 +15,22 @@ jobs:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.5.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras: vllm
is_latest: true
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
# - cuda: 129
# cuda_version: 12.9.1
# python_version: "3.12"
# pytorch: 2.9.1
# axolotl_extras:
# platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
- cuda: 126
cuda_version: 12.6.3
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.7.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
- name: Checkout
@@ -58,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl
axolotlai/axolotl
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
@@ -74,7 +57,6 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
build-args: |
BASE_TAG=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'main' || github.ref_name }}-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}
@@ -89,122 +71,29 @@ jobs:
${{ (matrix.is_latest) && format('{0}-latest', steps.metadata.outputs.tags) || '' }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
build-axolotl-uv:
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
is_latest: true
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Docker metadata
id: metadata
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
axolotlai/axolotl-uv
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
type=pep440,pattern={{version}}
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- name: Login to Docker Hub
uses: docker/login-action@v3
with:
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
# guidance for testing before pushing: https://docs.docker.com/build/ci/github-actions/test-before-push/
- name: Build and export to Docker
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
build-args: |
BASE_TAG=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'main' || github.ref_name }}-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}
PYTORCH_VERSION=${{ matrix.pytorch }}
AXOLOTL_ARGS=${{ matrix.axolotl_args }}
AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=${{ matrix.axolotl_extras}}
file: ./docker/Dockerfile-uv
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: |
${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}
${{ (matrix.is_latest) && format('{0}-latest', steps.metadata.outputs.tags) || '' }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
build-axolotl-cloud:
needs: build-axolotl
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.5.1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras:
is_latest: true
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
# - cuda: 129
# cuda_version: 12.9.1
# python_version: "3.12"
# pytorch: 2.9.1
# axolotl_extras:
# platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
- cuda: 126
cuda_version: 12.6.3
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.7.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
- name: Checkout
@@ -214,6 +103,7 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl-cloud
axolotlai/axolotl-cloud
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
@@ -229,7 +119,6 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
build-args: |
BASE_TAG=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'main' || github.ref_name }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}
@@ -240,100 +129,18 @@ jobs:
${{ (matrix.is_latest) && format('{0}-latest', steps.metadata.outputs.tags) || '' }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
build-axolotl-cloud-uv:
needs: build-axolotl-uv
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
is_latest: true
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras:
platforms: "linux/amd64,linux/arm64"
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Docker metadata
id: metadata
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
type=pep440,pattern={{version}}
- name: Login to Docker Hub
uses: docker/login-action@v3
with:
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- name: Build
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
platforms: ${{ matrix.platforms }}
build-args: |
BASE_TAG=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'main' || github.ref_name }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}
file: ./docker/Dockerfile-cloud-uv
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: |
${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
${{ (matrix.is_latest) && format('{0}-latest', steps.metadata.outputs.tags) || '' }}
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
build-axolotl-cloud-no-tmux:
needs: build-axolotl
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras:
is_latest: true
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
axolotl_extras:
is_latest:
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
- name: Checkout
@@ -343,6 +150,7 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl-cloud-term
axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-term
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
@@ -358,7 +166,6 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: .
platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
build-args: |
BASE_TAG=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'main' || github.ref_name }}-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras != '' && '-' || '' }}${{ matrix.axolotl_extras }}
CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}

View File

@@ -3,54 +3,50 @@ name: docker-multigpu-tests-biweekly
on:
pull_request:
paths:
- "tests/e2e/multigpu/**.py"
- "pyproject.toml"
- ".github/workflows/multi-gpu-e2e.yml"
- "scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py"
- "src/axolotl/core/trainers/mixins/sequence_parallel.py"
- "src/axolotl/utils/distributed.py"
- 'tests/e2e/multigpu/*.py'
- 'requirements.txt'
- 'setup.py'
- 'pyproject.toml'
- '.github/workflows/multi-gpu-e2e.yml'
- 'src/axolotl/core/trainers/mixins/sequence_parallel.py'
- 'src/axolotl/utils/distributed.py'
workflow_dispatch:
schedule:
- cron: "0 0 * * 1,4" # Runs at 00:00 UTC every monday & thursday
- cron: '0 0 * * 1,4' # Runs at 00:00 UTC every monday & thursday
# Cancel jobs on the same ref if a new one is triggered
concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' }}
permissions:
contents: read
env:
MODAL_IMAGE_BUILDER_VERSION: "2025.06"
jobs:
test-axolotl-multigpu:
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip e2e]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || !github.event.pull_request.draft) }}
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip e2e]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
# - cuda: 129
# cuda_version: 12.9.1
# python_version: "3.12"
# pytorch: 2.9.1
# axolotl_extras: "fbgemm-gpu"
# num_gpus: 2
# dockerfile: "Dockerfile-uv.jinja"
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras: vllm
num_gpus: 2
nightly_build: "true"
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.5.1
axolotl_extras:
# axolotl_extras: fbgemm-gpu
num_gpus: 2
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
nightly_build: "true"
- cuda: 126
cuda_version: 12.6.3
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.10.0
axolotl_extras: "fbgemm-gpu"
pytorch: 2.7.0
axolotl_extras:
num_gpus: 2
nightly_build: "true"
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 120
steps:
@@ -63,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
pip install modal==0.71.8 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -72,9 +68,8 @@ jobs:
echo "AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=${{ matrix.axolotl_extras}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "E2E_DOCKERFILE=${{ matrix.dockerfile || 'Dockerfile-uv.jinja'}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "NIGHTLY_BUILD=${{ matrix.nightly_build }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CODECOV_TOKEN=${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
env:
CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
run: |
modal run -m cicd.multigpu
modal run cicd.multigpu

View File

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@ on:
schedule:
- cron: '0 0 * * *' # Runs at 00:00 UTC every day
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build-axolotl:
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip docker]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
@@ -15,10 +12,15 @@ jobs:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.5.1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras:
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl
axolotlai/axolotl
tags: |
type=raw,value={{ branch }}-{{ date 'YYYYMMDD' }}
@@ -62,10 +65,15 @@ jobs:
strategy:
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.5.1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
axolotl_extras:
runs-on: axolotl-gpu-runner
steps:
@@ -76,6 +84,7 @@ jobs:
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: |
winglian/axolotl-cloud
axolotlai/axolotl-cloud
tags: |
type=raw,value={{ branch }}-{{ date 'YYYYMMDD' }}

View File

@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@ name: Pre-commit auto-update
on:
schedule:
- cron: '0 0 1 * *' # Run monthly
- cron: '0 0 * * 0' # Run weekly
workflow_dispatch: # Manual kickoff
permissions: {}
jobs:
auto-update:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -27,6 +25,7 @@ jobs:
pre-commit autoupdate
if [[ -n $(git status --porcelain) ]]; then
echo "changes=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
git diff .pre-commit-config.yaml > pre-commit-update.diff
fi
- name: Create Pull Request
@@ -40,3 +39,11 @@ jobs:
commit-message: "chore: update pre-commit hooks"
body: |
Automated PR to update pre-commit hooks to their latest versions.
<details>
<summary>Changes:</summary>
```diff
${{ steps.update.outputs.diff }}
```
</details>

View File

@@ -2,34 +2,30 @@ name: Preview
on:
workflow_dispatch:
pull_request:
types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
# Run the workflow only when one of these files changes
paths:
- '**/*.md' # any Markdown file
- '**/*.qmd' # any Quarto file
- '_quarto.yml'
- docs/scripts/generate_config_docs.py
- src/axolotl/utils/schemas/**.py
- .github/workflows/preview-docs.yml
- '_quarto.yaml'
permissions:
contents: read
checks: write
contents: write
deployments: write
issues: write
discussions: write
pages: write
pull-requests: write
statuses: write
jobs:
preview:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
steps:
- name: cleanup node
run: |
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet /usr/local/lib/android /opt/ghc /opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL
- name: Check out repository
uses: actions/checkout@v4
with:
ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
- name: Set up Quarto
uses: quarto-dev/quarto-actions/setup@v2
@@ -42,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
python3 -m pip install jupyter quartodoc
python3 -m pip install -e .
python3 -m pip install -e . --no-deps
- name: Build autodoc
run: quartodoc build
@@ -52,12 +48,10 @@ jobs:
- name: Netlify Publish
uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v3.0
if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository }}
id: netlify
with:
publish-dir: './_site'
enable-pull-request-comment: false
enable-github-deployment: false
enable-pull-request-comment: true
enable-github-deployment: true
github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
deploy-message: "Deployed On Netlify"
github-deployment-environment: 'preview'
@@ -65,13 +59,3 @@ jobs:
env:
NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN }}
NETLIFY_SITE_ID: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_SITE_ID }}
- name: Update PR with preview link
if: ${{ steps.netlify.outcome == 'success' }}
uses: marocchino/sticky-pull-request-comment@v2
with:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
message: |
📖 **Documentation Preview**: ${{ steps.netlify.outputs.deploy-url }}
Deployed on Netlify from commit ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}

View File

@@ -3,14 +3,9 @@ name: publish pypi
on:
push:
tags:
- "v*"
- 'v*'
workflow_dispatch:
permissions: {}
env:
UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: "1"
jobs:
setup_release:
name: Create Release
@@ -33,8 +28,7 @@ jobs:
name: pypi
url: https://pypi.org/p/axolotl
permissions:
contents: read
id-token: write # IMPORTANT: this permission is mandatory for trusted publishing
id-token: write # IMPORTANT: this permission is mandatory for trusted publishing
steps:
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -44,23 +38,19 @@ jobs:
with:
python-version: "3.11"
- name: Install uv
uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
uv pip install wheel packaging
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e .
uv pip install black mypy pre-commit types-requests quartodoc jupyter blobfile tiktoken \
codecov codecov-cli pytest pytest-cov pytest-retry pytest-sugar pytest-xdist tbparse
pip3 install wheel packaging==23.2
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e .
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Extract tag name
id: tag
run: echo "TAG_NAME=$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d / -f 3)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
run: echo ::set-output name=TAG_NAME::$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d / -f 3)
- name: Update version in VERSION file
- name: Update version in setup.py
run: |
echo "${{ steps.tag.outputs.TAG_NAME }}" | sed 's/^v//' > VERSION
sed -i -E 's/version="([0-9.]+)",/version="${{ steps.tag.outputs.TAG_NAME }}",/g' setup.py
- name: Build a source dist
run: |

View File

@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@ name: Tests Nightly against upstream main
on:
workflow_dispatch:
schedule:
- cron: "0 0 * * *" # Runs at 00:00 UTC every day
pull_request:
types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
paths:
- ".github/workflows/tests-nightly.yml"
permissions:
contents: read
env:
UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: "1"
- cron: '0 0 * * *' # Runs at 00:00 UTC every day
jobs:
pre-commit:
@@ -23,115 +13,197 @@ jobs:
- uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: "3.11"
cache: "pip" # caching pip dependencies
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.1
env:
SKIP: no-commit-to-branch
prime-cdn-s3-cache:
name: Prefetch S3 once to prime the CDN cache
preload-cache:
name: Preload HF cache
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
timeout-minutes: 10
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
python_version: ["3.11"]
pytorch_version: ["2.6.0"]
timeout-minutes: 20
env:
AXOLOTL_IS_CI_CACHE_PRELOAD: "1"
steps:
- name: Restore Cache from S3
id: hf-cache-restore-s3
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Restore HF cache
id: hf-cache-restore
uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ runner.os }}-hf-hub-cache-v2
- name: Setup Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- name: upgrade pip
run: |
curl -v -H "Range: bytes=0-1023" -L https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst > /dev/null
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel
- name: Install PyTorch
run: |
pip3 install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
pip3 show torch
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -U -e .
python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Make sure PyTorch version wasn't clobbered
run: |
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__"
- name: Ensure axolotl CLI was installed
run: |
axolotl --help
- name: Pre-Download dataset fixture
run: |
huggingface-cli download --repo-type=dataset axolotl-ai-internal/axolotl-oss-dataset-fixtures
- name: Run tests
run: |
pytest -v tests/conftest.py
- name: Upload coverage to Codecov
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
with:
token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
files: ./coverage.xml
flags: unittests,pytorch-${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
fail_ci_if_error: false
- name: cleanup pip cache
run: |
find "$(pip cache dir)/http-v2" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;
- name: Save HF cache
id: hf-cache
uses: actions/cache/save@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ steps.hf-cache-restore.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
pytest:
name: PyTest
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
needs: [prime-cdn-s3-cache]
needs: [preload-cache]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
max-parallel: 2
matrix:
python_version: ["3.12"] # TODO include py3.14 once https://github.com/mistralai/mistral-common/pull/194 is merged
pytorch_version: ["2.9.1", "2.10.0"]
python_version: ["3.11"]
pytorch_version: ["2.5.1", "2.6.0", "2.7.0"]
timeout-minutes: 20
steps:
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Restore Cache from S3
id: hf-cache-restore-s3
run: |
mkdir -p /home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub
curl -L https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst | tar -xf - -C /home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/ --use-compress-program unzstd
- name: Restore HF cache
id: hf-cache-restore
uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ runner.os }}-hf-hub-cache-v2
- name: Setup Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- name: Install uv
uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
- name: upgrade pip
run: |
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel
- name: Install PyTorch
run: |
uv pip install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} torchvision
uv pip freeze | grep -E "^(torch|torchvision)==" > /tmp/torch-pin.txt
pip3 install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
- name: Update requirements.txt
run: |
sed -i 's#^transformers.*#transformers @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main#' requirements.txt
sed -i 's#^peft.*#peft @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/peft.git@main#' requirements.txt
sed -i 's#^accelerate.*#accelerate @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate.git@main#' requirements.txt
sed -i 's#^trl.*#trl @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/trl.git@main#' requirements.txt
sed -i 's#^datasets.*#datasets @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/datasets.git@main#' requirements.txt
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e . --override /tmp/torch-pin.txt
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py --uv | sh
uv pip install black mypy pre-commit types-requests quartodoc jupyter blobfile tiktoken \
codecov codecov-cli pytest pytest-cov pytest-retry pytest-sugar pytest-xdist tbparse
- name: Override with nightly HF packages
run: |
uv pip install --no-deps \
"transformers @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main" \
"peft @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/peft.git@main" \
"accelerate @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate.git@main" \
"trl @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/trl.git@main" \
"datasets @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/datasets.git@main"
pip3 show torch
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -U -e .
python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Make sure PyTorch version wasn't clobbered
run: |
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__, f'Expected torch ${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} but got {torch.__version__}'"
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__"
- name: Ensure axolotl CLI was installed
run: |
axolotl --help
- name: Pre-Download dataset fixture
run: |
huggingface-cli download --repo-type=dataset axolotl-ai-internal/axolotl-oss-dataset-fixtures
- name: Run tests
run: |
pytest -v --durations=10 -n8 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ tests/
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/patched/
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/cli/
pytest -v -n8 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ tests/
pytest -v tests/patched/
pytest -v tests/cli/
- name: cleanup pip cache
run: |
find "$(pip cache dir)/http-v2" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;
docker-e2e-tests:
if: github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud'
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 120
timeout-minutes: 60
needs: [pre-commit, pytest]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.5.1
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
nightly_build: "true"
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.10.0
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.6.0
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
nightly_build: "true"
@@ -145,7 +217,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
pip install modal==0.71.8 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -154,53 +226,8 @@ jobs:
echo "AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=${{ matrix.axolotl_extras}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "E2E_DOCKERFILE=${{ matrix.dockerfile || 'Dockerfile-uv.jinja'}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "NIGHTLY_BUILD=${{ matrix.nightly_build }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CODECOV_TOKEN=${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
env:
CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
run: |
modal run cicd.e2e_tests
docker-e2e-multigpu-tests:
if: github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud'
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 120
needs: [pre-commit, pytest, docker-e2e-tests]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
num_gpus: 2
axolotl_extras:
nightly_build: "true"
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: "3.11"
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "PYTORCH_VERSION=${{ matrix.pytorch}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "AXOLOTL_ARGS=${{ matrix.axolotl_args}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=${{ matrix.axolotl_extras}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "NIGHTLY_BUILD=${{ matrix.nightly_build }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
env:
CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
run: |
modal run cicd.multigpu

View File

@@ -6,19 +6,20 @@ on:
branches:
- "main"
paths:
- "**.py"
- "pyproject.toml"
- ".github/workflows/*.yml"
- "cicd/cicd.sh"
- "cicd/Dockerfile-uv.jinja"
- '**.py'
- 'requirements.txt'
- '.github/workflows/*.yml'
- 'requirements-tests.txt'
- 'cicd/cicd.sh'
- 'cicd/Dockerfile.jinja'
pull_request:
types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
paths:
- "**.py"
- "pyproject.toml"
- ".github/workflows/*.yml"
- "cicd/cicd.sh"
- "cicd/Dockerfile-uv.jinja"
paths:
- '**.py'
- 'requirements.txt'
- '.github/workflows/*.yml'
- 'requirements-tests.txt'
- 'cicd/cicd.sh'
- 'cicd/Dockerfile.jinja'
workflow_dispatch:
# Cancel jobs on the same ref if a new one is triggered
@@ -26,92 +27,75 @@ concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' }}
permissions:
contents: read
env:
TRANSFORMERS_IS_CI: "yes"
UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: "1"
jobs:
pre-commit:
name: pre-commit
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: "3.11"
cache: "pip" # caching pip dependencies
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.1
env:
SKIP: no-commit-to-branch
prime-cdn-s3-cache:
name: Prefetch S3 once to prime the CDN cache
preload-cache:
name: Preload HF cache
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
timeout-minutes: 10
steps:
- name: Restore Cache from S3
id: hf-cache-restore-s3
run: |
curl -v -H "Range: bytes=0-1023" -L https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst > /dev/null
pytest:
name: PyTest
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
needs: [prime-cdn-s3-cache]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
python_version: ["3.12", "3.14"]
pytorch_version: ["2.9.1", "2.10.0"]
exclude:
- python_version: "3.14"
pytorch_version: "2.9.1"
python_version: ["3.11"]
pytorch_version: ["2.6.0"]
timeout-minutes: 20
steps:
- name: cleanup node
run: |
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet /usr/local/lib/android /opt/ghc /opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL
env:
AXOLOTL_IS_CI_CACHE_PRELOAD: "1"
steps:
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Restore Cache from S3
id: hf-cache-restore-s3
run: |
mkdir -p ~/.cache/huggingface/hub
curl -L https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst | tar -xpf - -C ~/.cache/huggingface/hub/ --use-compress-program unzstd --strip-components=1
ls -ltr ~/.cache/huggingface/hub/
- name: Restore HF cache
id: hf-cache-restore
uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ runner.os }}-hf-hub-cache-v2
- name: Setup Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- name: Install uv
uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
- name: upgrade pip
run: |
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel
- name: Install PyTorch
run: |
uv pip install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} torchvision
uv pip freeze | grep -E "^(torch|torchvision)==" > /tmp/torch-pin.txt
pip3 install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e . --override /tmp/torch-pin.txt
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py --uv | sh
uv pip install black mypy pre-commit types-requests quartodoc jupyter blobfile tiktoken \
codecov codecov-cli pytest pytest-cov pytest-retry pytest-sugar pytest-xdist tbparse
pip3 show torch
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -U -e .
python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Make sure PyTorch version wasn't clobbered
run: |
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__, f'Expected torch ${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} but got {torch.__version__}'"
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__"
- name: Ensure axolotl CLI was installed
run: |
@@ -119,24 +103,11 @@ jobs:
- name: Pre-Download dataset fixture
run: |
hf download --repo-type=dataset axolotl-ai-internal/axolotl-oss-dataset-fixtures
- name: Show HF cache
run: hf cache ls
huggingface-cli download --repo-type=dataset axolotl-ai-internal/axolotl-oss-dataset-fixtures
- name: Run tests
run: |
df -h
pytest -v --durations=10 -n4 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ --ignore=tests/monkeypatch/ tests/ --cov=axolotl --cov-report=xml
df -h
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/monkeypatch/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
df -h
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/patched/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
df -h
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/cli/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
- name: Show HF cache
run: hf cache ls
pytest -v tests/conftest.py
- name: Upload coverage to Codecov
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
@@ -146,137 +117,182 @@ jobs:
flags: unittests,pytorch-${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
fail_ci_if_error: false
pytest-sdist:
name: PyTest from Source Dist
- name: cleanup pip cache
run: |
find "$(pip cache dir)/http-v2" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;
- name: Save HF cache
id: hf-cache
uses: actions/cache/save@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ steps.hf-cache-restore.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
pytest:
name: PyTest
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
needs: [prime-cdn-s3-cache]
needs: [preload-cache]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
python_version: ["3.12", "3.14"]
pytorch_version: ["2.9.1", "2.10.0"]
exclude:
- python_version: "3.14"
pytorch_version: "2.9.1"
timeout-minutes: 30
python_version: ["3.11"]
pytorch_version: ["2.5.1", "2.6.0", "2.7.0"]
timeout-minutes: 20
steps:
- name: cleanup node
run: |
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet /usr/local/lib/android /opt/ghc /opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Restore Cache from S3
id: hf-cache-restore-s3
run: |
mkdir -p ~/.cache/huggingface/hub
curl -L https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst | tar -xpf - -C ~/.cache/huggingface/hub/ --use-compress-program unzstd --strip-components=1
ls -ltr ~/.cache/huggingface/hub/
- name: Restore HF cache
id: hf-cache-restore
uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ runner.os }}-hf-hub-cache-v2
- name: Setup Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- name: Install uv
uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
- name: upgrade pip
run: |
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel
- name: Install PyTorch
run: |
uv pip install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} torchvision
uv pip freeze | grep -E "^(torch|torchvision)==" > /tmp/torch-pin.txt
pip3 install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
uv pip install packaging setuptools_scm build wheel psutil
python -m build --no-isolation --sdist
uv pip install --no-build-isolation dist/axolotl*.tar.gz --override /tmp/torch-pin.txt
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py --uv | sh
uv pip install black mypy pre-commit types-requests quartodoc jupyter blobfile tiktoken \
codecov codecov-cli pytest pytest-cov pytest-retry pytest-sugar pytest-xdist tbparse
pip3 show torch
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -U -e .
python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Make sure PyTorch version wasn't clobbered
run: |
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__, f'Expected torch ${{ matrix.pytorch_version }} but got {torch.__version__}'"
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__"
- name: Ensure axolotl CLI was installed
run: |
axolotl --help
- name: Verify agent docs are discoverable
- name: Pre-Download dataset fixture
run: |
# Agent docs live in docs/agents/ (source of truth) and are resolved
# at runtime from the repo checkout or via `axolotl fetch docs`
axolotl agent-docs --list
axolotl agent-docs | grep -q "Fine-tuning framework"
axolotl agent-docs grpo | grep -q "GRPO"
axolotl agent-docs sft | grep -q "SFT"
python -c "from axolotl.cli.agent_docs import get_doc, list_topics; assert len(list_topics()) >= 5; assert 'GRPO' in get_doc('grpo')"
- name: Show HF cache
run: hf cache ls
huggingface-cli download --repo-type=dataset axolotl-ai-internal/axolotl-oss-dataset-fixtures
- name: Run tests
run: |
pytest -v --durations=10 -n4 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ --ignore=tests/monkeypatch/ tests/ --cov=axolotl --cov-report=xml
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/monkeypatch/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
pytest -v --durations=10 tests/cli/
pytest -v -n8 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ tests/ --cov=axolotl --cov-report=xml
pytest -v tests/patched/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
pytest -v tests/cli/ --cov=axolotl --cov-append --cov-report=xml
- name: Upload coverage to Codecov
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
with:
token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
files: ./coverage.xml
flags: unittests,pytorch-${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
fail_ci_if_error: false
- name: cleanup pip cache
run: |
find "$(pip cache dir)/http-v2" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;
pytest-sdist:
name: PyTest from Source Dist
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
needs: [preload-cache]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
python_version: ["3.11"]
pytorch_version: ["2.5.1", "2.6.0", "2.7.0"]
timeout-minutes: 20
steps:
- name: Check out repository code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Restore HF cache
id: hf-cache-restore
uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
with:
path: |
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/datasets--*
/home/runner/.cache/huggingface/hub/models--*
key: ${{ runner.os }}-hf-hub-cache-v2
- name: Setup Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
cache: 'pip' # caching pip dependencies
- name: upgrade pip
run: |
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 setuptools_scm build wheel
- name: Install PyTorch
run: |
pip3 install torch==${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
pip3 show torch
python -m build --no-isolation --sdist
pip3 install --no-build-isolation dist/axolotl*.tar.gz
python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Make sure PyTorch version wasn't clobbered
run: |
python -c "import torch; assert '${{ matrix.pytorch_version }}' in torch.__version__"
- name: Ensure axolotl CLI was installed
run: |
axolotl --help
- name: Show HF cache
run: hf cache ls
run: huggingface-cli scan-cache
gate-skip-e2e:
needs: [pre-commit]
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
outputs:
skip: ${{ steps.compute.outputs.skip }}
steps:
- uses: actions/github-script@v7
id: compute
with:
script: |
const token = /\[skip-e2e\]/i;
let msg = '';
if (context.eventName === 'push') {
msg = context.payload.head_commit?.message || '';
} else if (context.eventName === 'pull_request') {
const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
const prNumber = context.payload.pull_request.number;
const commits = await github.paginate(
github.rest.pulls.listCommits,
{ owner, repo, pull_number: prNumber, per_page: 100 }
);
msg = commits.at(-1)?.commit?.message || '';
}
const title = context.payload.pull_request?.title || '';
const body = context.payload.pull_request?.body || '';
const skip = token.test(msg) || token.test(title) || token.test(body);
core.setOutput('skip', String(skip));
- name: Run tests
run: |
pytest -v -n8 --dist loadfile --ignore=tests/e2e/ --ignore=tests/patched/ --ignore=tests/cli/ tests/
pytest -v tests/patched/
pytest -v tests/cli/
- name: cleanup pip cache
run: |
find "$(pip cache dir)/http-v2" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;
docker-e2e-tests-1st:
# Run this job first as a gate for running the remainder of the test matrix
if: >
github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' &&
(github.event_name != 'pull_request' || !github.event.pull_request.draft) &&
needs.gate-skip-e2e.outputs.skip != 'true'
if: ${{ ! contains(github.event.commits[0].message, '[skip e2e]') && github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' }}
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 120
needs: [pre-commit, pytest]
timeout-minutes: 90
needs: [pre-commit, pytest, pytest-sdist]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
python_version: "3.12"
pytorch: 2.9.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.6.0
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
axolotl_extras: vllm
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -287,7 +303,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
pip install modal==0.71.8 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -297,45 +313,44 @@ jobs:
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "MODAL_IMAGE_BUILDER_VERSION=2024.10" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "E2E_DOCKERFILE=${{ matrix.dockerfile || 'Dockerfile-uv.jinja'}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CODECOV_TOKEN=${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
env:
CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
run: |
modal run cicd.e2e_tests
docker-e2e-tests:
if: >
github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud' &&
(github.event_name != 'pull_request' || !github.event.pull_request.draft) &&
needs.gate-skip-e2e.outputs.skip != 'true'
if: github.repository_owner == 'axolotl-ai-cloud'
# this job needs to be run on self-hosted GPU runners...
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 120
# Only run the remainder of the matrix if the first e2e check passed;
# this is to save on wasted compute costs for known failures that get caught in the first run
needs: [pre-commit, pytest, gate-skip-e2e, docker-e2e-tests-1st]
timeout-minutes: 90
needs: [pre-commit, pytest, docker-e2e-tests-1st]
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.6.0
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras: llmcompressor
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.4.1
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
- cuda: 124
cuda_version: 12.4.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.10.0
pytorch: 2.5.1
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
- cuda: 130
cuda_version: 13.0.0
- cuda: 126
cuda_version: 12.6.3
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
pytorch: 2.7.0
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
steps:
@@ -348,7 +363,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
pip install modal==0.71.8 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -358,50 +373,7 @@ jobs:
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "MODAL_IMAGE_BUILDER_VERSION=2024.10" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "GPU_TYPE=${{ matrix.gpu_type || 'L40S'}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "E2E_DOCKERFILE=${{ matrix.dockerfile || 'Dockerfile-uv.jinja'}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CODECOV_TOKEN=${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
env:
CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
run: |
modal run cicd.e2e_tests
docker-e2e-cleanup:
runs-on: [self-hosted, modal]
timeout-minutes: 90
needs: [docker-e2e-tests]
if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- cuda: 128
cuda_version: 12.8.1
python_version: "3.11"
pytorch: 2.9.1
num_gpus: 1
axolotl_extras:
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: "3.11"
- name: Install Modal
run: |
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install modal==1.3.0.post1 jinja2
- name: Update env vars
run: |
echo "BASE_TAG=main-base-py${{ matrix.python_version }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-${{ matrix.pytorch }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "PYTORCH_VERSION=${{ matrix.pytorch}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "AXOLOTL_ARGS=${{ matrix.axolotl_args}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=${{ matrix.axolotl_extras}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "CUDA=${{ matrix.cuda }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "MODAL_IMAGE_BUILDER_VERSION=2024.10" >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo "N_GPUS=${{ matrix.num_gpus }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run tests job on Modal
run: |
modal run cicd.cleanup

3
.gitignore vendored
View File

@@ -190,6 +190,3 @@ out/
# vim
*.swp
# scm auto-versioning
src/axolotl/_version.py

4
.isort.cfg Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
[settings]
profile=black
known_third_party=wandb,comet_ml
known_local_folder=src,tests

View File

@@ -3,21 +3,31 @@ default_language_version:
repos:
- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
rev: v6.0.0
rev: v5.0.0
hooks:
- id: check-yaml
- id: end-of-file-fixer
- id: trailing-whitespace
- id: no-commit-to-branch
args: ['--branch', 'main']
- repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
rev: v0.15.8
- repo: https://github.com/psf/black
rev: 25.1.0
hooks:
- id: ruff
args: [--fix]
- id: ruff-format
- id: black
- repo: https://github.com/pycqa/isort
rev: 6.0.1
hooks:
- id: isort
- repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
rev: 7.1.2
hooks:
- id: flake8
- repo: https://github.com/pylint-dev/pylint
rev: v3.3.6
hooks:
- id: pylint
- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
rev: v1.19.1
rev: v1.15.0
hooks:
- id: mypy
additional_dependencies:
@@ -26,7 +36,7 @@ repos:
'pydantic>=2.5.3',
]
- repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit
rev: 1.9.4
rev: 1.8.3
hooks:
- id: bandit
args: [

15
.pylintrc Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
[MASTER]
init-hook="from pylint.config import find_default_config_files; import sys; sys.path.append(next(find_default_config_files()).parent.as_posix())"
[TYPECHECK]
# List of members which are set dynamically and missed by Pylint inference
# system, and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed.
generated-members=numpy.*, torch.*
[pylint.messages_control]
disable=missing-function-docstring, line-too-long, import-error,
too-many-arguments, too-many-locals, too-many-statements, too-many-branches, too-few-public-methods,
too-many-instance-attributes, fixme, import-outside-toplevel, logging-fstring-interpolation,
too-many-positional-arguments, possibly-used-before-assignment

View File

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ ARG BASE_VOLUME="/runpod-volume"
ENV BASE_VOLUME=$BASE_VOLUME
ENV HF_DATASETS_CACHE="${BASE_VOLUME}/huggingface-cache/datasets"
ENV HUGGINGFACE_HUB_CACHE="${BASE_VOLUME}/huggingface-cache/hub"
ENV HF_HUB_CACHE="${BASE_VOLUME}/huggingface-cache/hub"
ENV TRANSFORMERS_CACHE="${BASE_VOLUME}/huggingface-cache/hub"
COPY .runpod/src /src

View File

@@ -119,15 +119,14 @@ datasets:
## Dataset Processing
| Option | Default | Description |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `dataset_prepared_path` | `"data/last_run_prepared"` | Path for prepared dataset |
| `push_dataset_to_hub` | `""` | Push dataset to HF hub |
| `dataset_num_proc` | `4` | Number of preprocessing processes |
| `dataset_keep_in_memory` | `false` | Keep dataset in memory |
| `shuffle_merged_datasets` | `true` | Shuffle merged datasets |
| `shuffle_before_merging_datasets` | `false` | Shuffle each dataset before merging |
| `dataset_exact_deduplication` | `true` | Deduplicate datasets |
| Option | Default | Description |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| `dataset_prepared_path` | `"data/last_run_prepared"` | Path for prepared dataset |
| `push_dataset_to_hub` | `""` | Push dataset to HF hub |
| `dataset_processes` | `4` | Number of preprocessing processes |
| `dataset_keep_in_memory` | `false` | Keep dataset in memory |
| `shuffle_merged_datasets` | `true` | Shuffle merged datasets |
| `dataset_exact_deduplication` | `true` | Deduplicate datasets |
## LoRA Configuration
@@ -185,6 +184,7 @@ datasets:
| `flash_attention` | `false` | Use flash attention |
| `flash_attn_cross_entropy` | `false` | Flash attention cross entropy |
| `flash_attn_rms_norm` | `false` | Flash attention RMS norm |
| `flash_attn_fuse_qkv` | `false` | Fuse QKV operations |
| `flash_attn_fuse_mlp` | `false` | Fuse MLP operations |
| `sdp_attention` | `false` | Use scaled dot product |
| `s2_attention` | `false` | Use shifted sparse attention |
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ The following optimizers are supported:
- Use `gradient_checkpointing: true` to reduce memory usage
- Adjust `micro_batch_size` and `gradient_accumulation_steps` based on your GPU memory
For more detailed information, please refer to the [documentation](https://axolotl-ai-cloud.github.io/axolotl/docs/config-reference.html).
For more detailed information, please refer to the [documentation](https://axolotl-ai-cloud.github.io/axolotl/docs/config.html).
### Errors:

View File

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
# type: # linear | dynamic
# factor: # float
# # Whether you are training a 4-bit GPTQ quantized model
# gptq: true
# gptq_groupsize: 128 # group size
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@
# # 'no_input_format' cannot include {input}
# no_input_format: "{instruction} "
# # For `completion` datasets only, uses the provided field instead of `text` column
# # For `completion` datsets only, uses the provided field instead of `text` column
# field:
# # Axolotl attempts to save the dataset as an arrow after packing the data together so
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@
# push_dataset_to_hub: # repo path
# # The maximum number of processes to use while preprocessing your input dataset. This defaults to `os.cpu_count()`
# # if not set.
# dataset_num_proc: # defaults to os.cpu_count() if not set
# dataset_processes: # defaults to os.cpu_count() if not set
# # push checkpoints to hub
# hub_model_id: # repo path to push finetuned model
# # how to push checkpoints to hub
@@ -223,6 +224,9 @@
# eval_table_size: # Approximate number of predictions sent to wandb depending on batch size. Enabled above 0. Default is 0
# eval_table_max_new_tokens: # Total number of tokens generated for predictions sent to wandb. Default is 128
# # Save model as safetensors (require safetensors package)
# save_safetensors:
# # Whether to mask out or include the human's prompt from the training labels
# train_on_inputs: false
# # Group similarly sized data to minimize padding.
@@ -238,12 +242,16 @@
# early_stopping_patience: 3
# # Specify a scheduler and kwargs to use with the optimizer
# lr_scheduler: # 'one_cycle' | empty for cosine
# lr_scheduler: # 'one_cycle' | 'log_sweep' | empty for cosine
# lr_scheduler_kwargs:
# # For one_cycle optim
# lr_div_factor: # Learning rate div factor
# # For log_sweep optim
# log_sweep_min_lr:
# log_sweep_max_lr:
# # Specify optimizer
# # Valid values are driven by the Transformers OptimizerNames class, see:
# # https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/95b374952dc27d8511541d6f5a4e22c9ec11fb24/src/transformers/training_args.py#L134
@@ -292,6 +300,7 @@
# flash_attention:
# flash_attn_cross_entropy: # Whether to use flash-attention cross entropy implementation - advanced use only
# flash_attn_rms_norm: # Whether to use flash-attention rms norm implementation - advanced use only
# flash_attn_fuse_qkv: # Whether to fuse QKV into a single operation
# flash_attn_fuse_mlp: # Whether to fuse part of the MLP into a single operation
# # Whether to use scaled-dot-product attention
# # https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention.html
@@ -348,6 +357,8 @@
# # Allow overwrite yml config using from cli
# strict:
base_model: ${BASE_MODEL}
base_model_ignore_patterns: ${BASE_MODEL_IGNORE_PATTERNS}
base_model_config: ${BASE_MODEL_CONFIG}
@@ -406,7 +417,7 @@ chat_template_jinja: ${CHAT_TEMPLATE_JINJA}
default_system_message: ${DEFAULT_SYSTEM_MESSAGE}
dataset_prepared_path: ${DATASET_PREPARED_PATH}
push_dataset_to_hub: ${PUSH_DATASET_TO_HUB}
dataset_num_proc: ${DATASET_NUM_PROC}
dataset_processes: ${DATASET_PROCESSES}
dataset_keep_in_memory: ${DATASET_KEEP_IN_MEMORY}
hub_model_id: ${HUB_MODEL_ID}
hub_strategy: ${HUB_STRATEGY}
@@ -506,6 +517,7 @@ profiler_steps: ${PROFILER_STEPS}
loss_watchdog_threshold: ${LOSS_WATCHDOG_THRESHOLD}
loss_watchdog_patience: ${LOSS_WATCHDOG_PATIENCE}
save_safetensors: ${SAVE_SAFETENSORS}
train_on_inputs: ${TRAIN_ON_INPUTS}
group_by_length: ${GROUP_BY_LENGTH}
gradient_checkpointing: ${GRADIENT_CHECKPOINTING}
@@ -533,6 +545,7 @@ xformers_attention: ${XFORMERS_ATTENTION}
flash_attention: ${FLASH_ATTENTION}
flash_attn_cross_entropy: ${FLASH_ATTN_CROSS_ENTROPY}
flash_attn_rms_norm: ${FLASH_ATTN_RMS_NORM}
flash_attn_fuse_qkv: ${FLASH_ATTN_FUSE_QKV}
flash_attn_fuse_mlp: ${FLASH_ATTN_FUSE_MLP}
sdp_attention: ${SDP_ATTENTION}
s2_attention: ${S2_ATTENTION}

View File

@@ -57,10 +57,8 @@ async def handler(job):
logger.info("Training Complete.")
# Cleanup
if "WANDB_API_KEY" in os.environ:
del os.environ["WANDB_API_KEY"]
if "HF_TOKEN" in os.environ:
del os.environ["HF_TOKEN"]
del os.environ["WANDB_API_KEY"]
del os.environ["HF_TOKEN"]
runpod.serverless.start({"handler": handler, "return_aggregate_stream": True})

View File

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
# Axolotl
Fine-tuning framework for LLMs. Config-driven: every training run is defined by a single YAML file.
## Tech Stack
Python, PyTorch, HuggingFace Transformers, TRL, PEFT (LoRA/QLoRA), DeepSpeed, FSDP, vLLM (for GRPO generation).
## Commands
```bash
axolotl train config.yaml # Train (single or multi-GPU, auto-detected)
axolotl preprocess config.yaml # Tokenize dataset and validate config
axolotl preprocess config.yaml --debug # Inspect tokenized samples and label masking
axolotl inference config.yaml # Interactive inference
axolotl merge-lora config.yaml # Merge LoRA adapter into base model
axolotl vllm-serve config.yaml # Start vLLM server for GRPO/EBFT training
axolotl fetch examples # Download example configs
axolotl agent-docs # Show agent-optimized docs (bundled with pip package)
axolotl agent-docs grpo # Topic-specific agent reference
axolotl config-schema # Dump config JSON schema
```
## Training Methods
| Method | Config Key | When to Use |
|--------|-----------|-------------|
| SFT | *(default)* | Input-output pairs, instruction tuning |
| DPO/IPO | `rl: dpo` / `rl: dpo, dpo_loss_type: ["ipo"]` | Paired preference data (chosen vs rejected) |
| KTO | `rl: kto` | Unpaired binary preference labels |
| ORPO | `rl: orpo` | Single-stage alignment, no ref model |
| GRPO | `rl: grpo` | RL with verifiable reward functions (math, code) |
| EBFT | `rl: ebft` | Feature-matching rewards from internal representations |
Agent-specific references:
- [docs/agents/sft.md](docs/agents/sft.md) — supervised fine-tuning
- [docs/agents/preference_tuning.md](docs/agents/preference_tuning.md) — DPO, IPO, KTO, ORPO, SimPO
- [docs/agents/grpo.md](docs/agents/grpo.md) — GRPO online RL with reward functions
- [docs/agents/reward_modelling.md](docs/agents/reward_modelling.md) — outcome and process reward models
- [docs/agents/pretraining.md](docs/agents/pretraining.md) — continual pretraining
- [docs/agents/model_architectures.md](docs/agents/model_architectures.md) — model-specific quirks (Gemma4, Qwen3.5 MoE, etc.)
- [docs/agents/new_model_support.md](docs/agents/new_model_support.md) — debugging and adding support for new model architectures
## Config Pattern
All training is config-driven. A YAML file specifies model, adapter, dataset(s), and hyperparameters:
```yaml
base_model: meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct
adapter: lora # or qlora, or omit for full fine-tune
datasets:
- path: my_dataset
type: chat_template # prompt strategy (see docs/dataset-formats/)
output_dir: ./outputs/lora-out
```
Config schema: `src/axolotl/utils/schemas/config.py` (AxolotlInputConfig).
## Project Structure
```
src/axolotl/
cli/ # CLI entry points (train, preprocess, inference, merge_lora, vllm_serve)
core/
builders/ # TrainerBuilder classes (causal.py for SFT, rl.py for RLHF)
trainers/ # Trainer classes, mixins (optimizer, scheduler, packing)
dpo/ # DPO trainer and config
grpo/ # GRPO trainer and sampler
loaders/ # Model, tokenizer, adapter, processor loading
prompt_strategies/ # Dataset format handlers (chat_template, alpaca, dpo/, kto/, orpo/)
utils/schemas/ # Pydantic config schemas (config, model, training, peft, trl, fsdp)
integrations/ # Plugins (liger, cut_cross_entropy, swanlab, nemo_gym)
monkeypatch/ # Runtime patches for HF transformers
examples/ # Example YAML configs by model (llama-3/, qwen2/, mistral/, ebft/)
deepspeed_configs/ # DeepSpeed JSON configs (zero2, zero3)
docs/ # Quarto documentation site
```
## Code Conventions
- Config-driven: features are toggled via YAML, not code changes
- Prompt strategies: `src/axolotl/prompt_strategies/` — each `type:` value maps to a function
- Plugin system: `plugins:` list in config loads integration modules
- Trainer mixins: `core/trainers/mixins/` for composable trainer behaviors
- Schemas: all config validation via Pydantic in `utils/schemas/`
## Key Documentation
- [Getting Started](docs/getting-started.qmd) — quickstart tutorial
- [Choosing a Method](docs/choosing_method.qmd) — SFT vs DPO vs GRPO decision guide
- [Config Reference](docs/config-reference.qmd) — all config options
- [Dataset Formats](docs/dataset-formats/) — chat_template, alpaca, input_output, completion
- [RLHF](docs/rlhf.qmd) — DPO, KTO, ORPO, GRPO, EBFT configs and dataset formats
- [GRPO Deep Dive](docs/grpo.qmd) — async training, custom rewards, scaling
- [vLLM Serving](docs/vllm_serving.qmd) — vLLM setup for GRPO/EBFT
- [Multi-GPU](docs/multi-gpu.qmd) — FSDP and DeepSpeed
- [Training Stability](docs/training_stability.qmd) — debugging loss, NaN, OOM
- [Debugging](docs/debugging.qmd) — VSCode setup, Docker debugging

View File

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
cff-version: 1.2.0
type: software
title: "Axolotl: Open Source LLM Post-Training"
message: "If you use this software, please cite it as below."
authors:
- name: "Axolotl maintainers and contributors"
repository-code: "https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl"
url: "https://axolotl.ai/"
license: Apache-2.0
date-released: "2023-05-30"

View File

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
include requirements.txt
include README.md
include LICENSE
include VERSION
include src/axolotl/utils/chat_templates/templates/*.jinja
include AGENTS.md
recursive-include docs/agents *.md
include src/setuptools_axolotl_dynamic_dependencies.py
recursive-include axolotl *.py

199
README.md
View File

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@
<img alt="Axolotl" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/887513285d98132142bf5db2a74eb5e0928787f1/image/axolotl_logo_digital_black.svg" width="400" height="104" style="max-width: 100%;">
</picture>
</p>
<p align="center">
<strong>A Free and Open Source LLM Fine-tuning Framework</strong><br>
</p>
<p align="center">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.svg?color=blue" alt="GitHub License">
@@ -20,123 +17,55 @@
<br/>
<a href="https://discord.com/invite/HhrNrHJPRb"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/discord-7289da.svg?style=flat-square&logo=discord" alt="discord" style="height: 20px;"></a>
<a href="https://twitter.com/axolotl_ai"><img src="https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/axolotl_ai?style=social" alt="twitter" style="height: 20px;"></a>
<a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/examples/colab-notebooks/colab-axolotl-example.ipynb"><img src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg" alt="google-colab" style="height: 20px;"></a>
<br/>
<img src="https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/actions/workflows/tests-nightly.yml/badge.svg" alt="tests-nightly">
<img src="https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/actions/workflows/multi-gpu-e2e.yml/badge.svg" alt="multigpu-semi-weekly tests">
</p>
Axolotl is a tool designed to streamline post-training for various AI models.
Post-training refers to any modifications or additional training performed on
pre-trained models - including full model fine-tuning, parameter-efficient tuning (like
LoRA and QLoRA), supervised fine-tuning (SFT), instruction tuning, and alignment
techniques. With support for multiple model architectures and training configurations,
Axolotl makes it easy to get started with these techniques.
## 🎉 Latest Updates
- 2026/03:
- New model support has been added in Axolotl for [Mistral Small 4](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/mistral4), [Qwen3.5, Qwen3.5 MoE](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/qwen3.5), [GLM-4.7-Flash](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/glm47-flash), [GLM-4.6V](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/glm46v), and [GLM-4.5-Air](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/glm45).
- [MoE expert quantization](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/expert_quantization.html) support (via `quantize_moe_experts: true`) greatly reduces VRAM when training MoE models (FSDP2 compat).
- 2026/02:
- [ScatterMoE LoRA](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3410) support. LoRA fine-tuning directly on MoE expert weights using custom Triton kernels.
- Axolotl now has support for [SageAttention](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/2823) and [GDPO](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3353) (Generalized DPO).
- 2026/01:
- New integration for [EAFT](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3366) (Entropy-Aware Focal Training), weights loss by entropy of the top-k logit distribution, and [Scalable Softmax](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3338), improves long context in attention.
- 2025/12:
- Axolotl now includes support for [Kimi-Linear](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/kimi-linear.html), [Plano-Orchestrator](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/plano.html), [MiMo](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/mimo.html), [InternVL 3.5](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/internvl3_5.html), [Olmo3](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/olmo3.html), [Trinity](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/trinity.html), and [Ministral3](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/ministral3.html).
- [Distributed Muon Optimizer](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3264) support has been added for FSDP2 pretraining.
- 2025/10: New model support has been added in Axolotl for: [Qwen3 Next](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/qwen3-next.html), [Qwen2.5-vl, Qwen3-vl](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/qwen2_5-vl), [Qwen3, Qwen3MoE](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/qwen3.html), [Granite 4](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/granite4.html), [HunYuan](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/hunyuan.html), [Magistral 2509](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/magistral/vision.html), [Apertus](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/apertus.html), and [Seed-OSS](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/seed-oss.html).
<details>
<summary>Expand older updates</summary>
- 2025/09: Axolotl now has text diffusion training. Read more [here](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/src/axolotl/integrations/diffusion).
- 2025/08: QAT has been updated to include NVFP4 support. See [PR](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3107).
- 2025/07:
- ND Parallelism support has been added into Axolotl. Compose Context Parallelism (CP), Tensor Parallelism (TP), and Fully Sharded Data Parallelism (FSDP) within a single node and across multiple nodes. Check out the [blog post](https://huggingface.co/blog/accelerate-nd-parallel) for more info.
- Axolotl adds more models: [GPT-OSS](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/gpt-oss.html), [Gemma 3n](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/gemma3n.html), [Liquid Foundation Model 2 (LFM2)](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/LiquidAI.html), and [Arcee Foundation Models (AFM)](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/arcee.html).
- FP8 finetuning with fp8 gather op is now possible in Axolotl via `torchao`. Get started [here](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/mixed_precision.html#sec-fp8)!
- [Voxtral](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/voxtral.html), [Magistral 1.1](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/magistral.html), and [Devstral](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/devstral.html) with mistral-common tokenizer support has been integrated in Axolotl!
- TiledMLP support for single-GPU to multi-GPU training with DDP, DeepSpeed and FSDP support has been added to support Arctic Long Sequence Training. (ALST). See [examples](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/alst) for using ALST with Axolotl!
- 2025/06: Magistral with mistral-common tokenizer support has been added to Axolotl. See [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/magistral.html) to start training your own Magistral models with Axolotl!
- 2025/05: Quantization Aware Training (QAT) support has been added to Axolotl. Explore the [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/qat.html) to learn more!
- 2025/04: Llama 4 support has been added in Axolotl. See [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/models/llama-4.html) to start training your own Llama 4 models with Axolotl's linearized version!
- 2025/03: Axolotl has implemented Sequence Parallelism (SP) support. Read the [blog](https://huggingface.co/blog/axolotl-ai-co/long-context-with-sequence-parallelism-in-axolotl) and [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/sequence_parallelism.html) to learn how to scale your context length when fine-tuning.
- 2025/03: (Beta) Fine-tuning Multimodal models is now supported in Axolotl. Check out the [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multimodal.html) to fine-tune your own!
- 2025/02: Axolotl has added LoRA optimizations to reduce memory usage and improve training speed for LoRA and QLoRA in single GPU and multi-GPU training (DDP and DeepSpeed). Jump into the [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/lora_optims.html) to give it a try.
- 2025/02: Axolotl has added GRPO support. Dive into our [blog](https://huggingface.co/blog/axolotl-ai-co/training-llms-w-interpreter-feedback-wasm) and [GRPO example](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/grpo_code) and have some fun!
- 2025/01: Axolotl has added Reward Modelling / Process Reward Modelling fine-tuning support. See [docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/reward_modelling.html).
</details>
## ✨ Overview
Axolotl is a free and open-source tool designed to streamline post-training and fine-tuning for the latest large language models (LLMs).
Axolotl is designed to work with YAML config files that contain everything you need to
preprocess a dataset, train or fine-tune a model, run model inference or evaluation,
and much more.
Features:
- **Multiple Model Support**: Train various models like GPT-OSS, LLaMA, Mistral, Mixtral, Pythia, and many more models available on the Hugging Face Hub.
- **Multimodal Training**: Fine-tune vision-language models (VLMs) including LLaMA-Vision, Qwen2-VL, Pixtral, LLaVA, SmolVLM2, GLM-4.6V, InternVL 3.5, Gemma 3n, and audio models like Voxtral with image, video, and audio support.
- **Training Methods**: Full fine-tuning, LoRA, QLoRA, GPTQ, QAT, Preference Tuning (DPO, IPO, KTO, ORPO), RL (GRPO, GDPO), and Reward Modelling (RM) / Process Reward Modelling (PRM).
- **Easy Configuration**: Re-use a single YAML configuration file across the full fine-tuning pipeline: dataset preprocessing, training, evaluation, quantization, and inference.
- **Performance Optimizations**: [Multipacking](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multipack.html), [Flash Attention 2/3/4](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/attention.html#flash-attention), [Xformers](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/attention.html#xformers), [Flex Attention](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/attention.html#flex-attention), [SageAttention](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/attention.html#sageattention), [Liger Kernel](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/custom_integrations.html#liger-kernels), [Cut Cross Entropy](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/custom_integrations.html#cut-cross-entropy), [ScatterMoE](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/custom_integrations.html#kernels-integration), [Sequence Parallelism (SP)](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/sequence_parallelism.html), [LoRA optimizations](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/lora_optims.html), [Multi-GPU training (FSDP1, FSDP2, DeepSpeed)](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multi-gpu.html), [Multi-node training (Torchrun, Ray)](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multi-node.html), and many more!
- **Flexible Dataset Handling**: Load from local, HuggingFace, and cloud (S3, Azure, GCP, OCI) datasets.
- **Cloud Ready**: We ship [Docker images](https://hub.docker.com/u/axolotlai) and also [PyPI packages](https://pypi.org/project/axolotl/) for use on cloud platforms and local hardware.
- Train various Huggingface models such as llama, pythia, falcon, mpt
- Supports fullfinetune, lora, qlora, relora, and gptq
- Customize configurations using a simple yaml file or CLI overwrite
- Load different dataset formats, use custom formats, or bring your own tokenized datasets
- Integrated with [xformers](https://github.com/facebookresearch/xformers), flash attention, [liger kernel](https://github.com/linkedin/Liger-Kernel), rope scaling, and multipacking
- Works with single GPU or multiple GPUs via FSDP or Deepspeed
- Easily run with Docker locally or on the cloud
- Log results and optionally checkpoints to wandb, mlflow or Comet
- And more!
## 🚀 Quick Start - LLM Fine-tuning in Minutes
## 🚀 Quick Start
**Requirements**:
- NVIDIA GPU (Ampere or newer for `bf16` and Flash Attention) or AMD GPU
- Python >=3.11 (3.12 recommended)
- PyTorch ≥2.9.1
### Google Colab
[![Open In Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg)](https://colab.research.google.com/github/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/examples/colab-notebooks/colab-axolotl-example.ipynb#scrollTo=msOCO4NRmRLa)
- Python 3.11
- PyTorch ≥2.4.1
### Installation
```bash
# install uv if you don't already have it installed (restart shell after)
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
# change depending on system
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128
# create a new virtual environment
uv venv --python 3.12
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install torch==2.10.0 torchvision
uv pip install --no-build-isolation axolotl[deepspeed]
pip3 install -U packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation axolotl[flash-attn,deepspeed]
# Download example axolotl configs, deepspeed configs
axolotl fetch examples
axolotl fetch deepspeed_configs # OPTIONAL
```
#### Using Docker
Installing with Docker can be less error prone than installing in your own environment.
```bash
docker run --gpus '"all"' --ipc=host --rm -it axolotlai/axolotl:main-latest
```
Other installation approaches are described [here](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/installation.html).
#### Cloud Providers
<details>
- [RunPod](https://runpod.io/gsc?template=v2ickqhz9s&ref=6i7fkpdz)
- [Vast.ai](https://cloud.vast.ai?ref_id=62897&template_id=bdd4a49fa8bce926defc99471864cace&utm_source=github&utm_medium=developer_community&utm_campaign=template_launch_axolotl&utm_content=readme)
- [PRIME Intellect](https://app.primeintellect.ai/dashboard/create-cluster?image=axolotl&location=Cheapest&security=Cheapest&show_spot=true)
- [Modal](https://www.modal.com?utm_source=github&utm_medium=github&utm_campaign=axolotl)
- [Novita](https://novita.ai/gpus-console?templateId=311)
- [JarvisLabs.ai](https://jarvislabs.ai/templates/axolotl)
- [Latitude.sh](https://latitude.sh/blueprint/989e0e79-3bf6-41ea-a46b-1f246e309d5c)
</details>
### Your First Fine-tune
```bash
@@ -152,12 +81,19 @@ axolotl train examples/llama-3/lora-1b.yml
That's it! Check out our [Getting Started Guide](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/getting-started.html) for a more detailed walkthrough.
## ✨ Key Features
- **Multiple Model Support**: Train various models like LLaMA, Mistral, Mixtral, Pythia, and more
- **Training Methods**: Full fine-tuning, LoRA, QLoRA, and more
- **Easy Configuration**: Simple YAML files to control your training setup
- **Performance Optimizations**: Flash Attention, xformers, multi-GPU training
- **Flexible Dataset Handling**: Use various formats and custom datasets
- **Cloud Ready**: Run on cloud platforms or local hardware
## 📚 Documentation
- [Installation Options](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/installation.html) - Detailed setup instructions for different environments
- [Configuration Guide](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/config-reference.html) - Full configuration options and examples
- [Dataset Loading](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/dataset_loading.html) - Loading datasets from various sources
- [Configuration Guide](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/config.html) - Full configuration options and examples
- [Dataset Guide](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/dataset-formats/) - Supported formats and how to use them
- [Multi-GPU Training](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multi-gpu.html)
- [Multi-Node Training](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multi-node.html)
@@ -165,29 +101,6 @@ That's it! Check out our [Getting Started Guide](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/ge
- [API Reference](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/api/) - Auto-generated code documentation
- [FAQ](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/faq.html) - Frequently asked questions
## AI Agent Support
Axolotl ships with built-in documentation optimized for AI coding agents (Claude Code, Cursor, Copilot, etc.). These docs are bundled with the pip package — no repo clone needed.
```bash
# Show overview and available training methods
axolotl agent-docs
# Topic-specific references
axolotl agent-docs sft # supervised fine-tuning
axolotl agent-docs grpo # GRPO online RL
axolotl agent-docs preference_tuning # DPO, KTO, ORPO, SimPO
axolotl agent-docs reward_modelling # outcome and process reward models
axolotl agent-docs pretraining # continual pretraining
axolotl agent-docs --list # list all topics
# Dump config schema for programmatic use
axolotl config-schema
axolotl config-schema --field adapter
```
If you're working with the source repo, agent docs are also available at `docs/agents/` and the project overview is in `AGENTS.md`.
## 🤝 Getting Help
- Join our [Discord community](https://discord.gg/HhrNrHJPRb) for support
@@ -199,31 +112,41 @@ If you're working with the source repo, agent docs are also available at `docs/a
Contributions are welcome! Please see our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md) for details.
## 📈 Telemetry
## Supported Models
Axolotl has opt-out telemetry that helps us understand how the project is being used
and prioritize improvements. We collect basic system information, model types, and
error rates—never personal data or file paths. Telemetry is enabled by default. To
disable it, set AXOLOTL_DO_NOT_TRACK=1. For more details, see our [telemetry documentation](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/telemetry.html).
| | fp16/fp32 | lora | qlora | gptq | gptq w/flash attn | flash attn | xformers attn |
|-------------|:----------|:-----|-------|------|-------------------|------------|--------------|
| llama | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Mistral | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Mixtral-MoE | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ |
| Mixtral8X22 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ |
| Pythia | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ |
| cerebras | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ |
| btlm | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ |
| mpt | ✅ | ❌ | ❓ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ |
| falcon | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ |
| gpt-j | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❓ | ❓ |
| XGen | ✅ | ❓ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ✅ |
| phi | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ |
| RWKV | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ |
| Qwen | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ | ❓ |
| Gemma | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ✅ | ❓ |
| Jamba | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❓ | ❓ | ✅ | ❓ |
✅: supported
❌: not supported
❓: untested
## ❤️ Sponsors
Thank you to our sponsors who help make Axolotl possible:
- [Modal](https://www.modal.com?utm_source=github&utm_medium=github&utm_campaign=axolotl) - Modal lets you run
jobs in the cloud, by just writing a few lines of Python. Customers use Modal to deploy Gen AI models at large scale,
fine-tune large language models, run protein folding simulations, and much more.
Interested in sponsoring? Contact us at [wing@axolotl.ai](mailto:wing@axolotl.ai)
## 📝 Citing Axolotl
If you use Axolotl in your research or projects, please cite it as follows:
```bibtex
@software{axolotl,
title = {Axolotl: Open Source LLM Post-Training},
author = {{Axolotl maintainers and contributors}},
url = {https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl},
license = {Apache-2.0},
year = {2023}
}
```
## 📜 License
This project is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.

10
TODO.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
# todo list
- [] Validation of parameters for combinations that won't work
## things that are known not to work
- FSDP offload and gradient_checkpointing - https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/82203
- adamw_bnb_8bit doesn't play well with FSDP offload

View File

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
0.16.2.dev0

View File

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
project:
type: website
pre-render:
- docs/scripts/generate_config_docs.py
- docs/scripts/generate_examples_docs.py
quartodoc:
dir: docs/api
@@ -20,9 +17,7 @@ quartodoc:
- convert
- prompt_tokenizers
- logging_config
- core.builders.base
- core.builders.causal
- core.builders.rl
- core.trainer_builder
- core.training_args
- core.chat.messages
- core.chat.format.chatml
@@ -37,53 +32,24 @@ quartodoc:
- cli.train
- cli.evaluate
- cli.args
- cli.art
- cli.checks
- cli.config
- cli.delinearize_llama4
- cli.inference
- cli.merge_lora
- cli.merge_sharded_fsdp_weights
- cli.preprocess
- cli.quantize
- cli.sweeps
- cli.utils
- cli.vllm_serve
- cli.cloud.base
- cli.cloud.modal_
- cli.utils
- cli.utils.args
- cli.utils.fetch
- cli.utils.load
- cli.utils.sweeps
- cli.utils.train
- title: Trainers
desc: Training implementations
contents:
- core.trainers.base
- core.trainers.trl
- core.trainers.mamba
- core.trainers.dpo.trainer
- core.trainers.grpo.trainer
- core.trainers.grpo.sampler
- core.trainers.utils
- title: Model Loading
desc: Functionality for loading and patching models, tokenizers, etc.
contents:
- loaders.model
- loaders.tokenizer
- loaders.processor
- loaders.adapter
- loaders.patch_manager
- loaders.constants
- title: Mixins
desc: Mixin classes for augmenting trainers
contents:
- core.trainers.mixins.optimizer
- core.trainers.mixins.rng_state_loader
- core.trainers.mixins.scheduler
- title: Context Managers
desc: Context managers for altering trainer behaviors
contents:
- utils.ctx_managers.sequence_parallel
- title: Prompt Strategies
desc: Prompt formatting strategies
contents:
@@ -120,7 +86,7 @@ quartodoc:
- kernels.swiglu
- kernels.quantize
- kernels.utils
- title: Monkey Patches
- title: MonkeyPatches
desc: Runtime patches for model optimizations
contents:
- monkeypatch.llama_attn_hijack_flash
@@ -128,22 +94,26 @@ quartodoc:
- monkeypatch.mistral_attn_hijack_flash
- monkeypatch.multipack
- monkeypatch.relora
- monkeypatch.llama_expand_mask
- monkeypatch.lora_kernels
- monkeypatch.utils
- monkeypatch.btlm_attn_hijack_flash
- monkeypatch.llama_patch_multipack
- monkeypatch.stablelm_attn_hijack_flash
- monkeypatch.trainer_fsdp_optim
- monkeypatch.transformers_fa_utils
- monkeypatch.unsloth_
- monkeypatch.attention.mllama
- monkeypatch.data.batch_dataset_fetcher
- monkeypatch.mixtral
- monkeypatch.gradient_checkpointing.offload_cpu
- monkeypatch.gradient_checkpointing.offload_disk
- title: Utils
desc: Utility functions
contents:
- utils.models
- utils.tokenization
- utils.chat_templates
- utils.lora
- utils.lora_embeddings
- utils.model_shard_quant
- utils.bench
- utils.freeze
@@ -152,9 +122,9 @@ quartodoc:
- utils.distributed
- utils.dict
- utils.optimizers.adopt
- utils.data.streaming
- utils.data.pretraining
- utils.data.sft
- utils.quantization
- utils.gradient_checkpointing.unsloth
- title: Schemas
desc: Pydantic data models for Axolotl config
contents:
@@ -204,14 +174,12 @@ quartodoc:
- utils.callbacks.lisa
- utils.callbacks.mlflow_
- utils.callbacks.comet_
- utils.callbacks.qat
website:
title: "Axolotl"
description: "We make fine-tuning accessible, scalable, and fun"
favicon: favicon.jpg
google-analytics: "G-9KYCVJBNMQ"
navbar:
logo: image/axolotl_logo_digital_white.svg
title: false
@@ -237,52 +205,10 @@ website:
- section: "Getting Started"
contents:
- docs/getting-started.qmd
- docs/choosing_method.qmd
- docs/installation.qmd
- docs/inference.qmd
- section: "Model Guides"
contents:
- docs/models/kimi-linear.qmd
- docs/models/plano.qmd
- docs/models/mimo.qmd
- docs/models/internvl3_5.qmd
- docs/models/olmo3.qmd
- docs/models/trinity.qmd
- docs/models/arcee.qmd
- section: "Ministral3"
contents:
- docs/models/ministral3.qmd
- docs/models/ministral3/think.qmd
- docs/models/ministral3/vision.qmd
- section: "Magistral"
contents:
- docs/models/magistral.qmd
- docs/models/magistral/think.qmd
- docs/models/magistral/vision.qmd
- docs/models/ministral.qmd
- docs/models/mistral-small.qmd
- docs/models/voxtral.qmd
- docs/models/devstral.qmd
- docs/models/mistral.qmd
- docs/models/llama-4.qmd
- docs/models/llama-2.qmd
- docs/models/qwen3-next.qmd
- docs/models/qwen3.qmd
- docs/models/gemma3n.qmd
- docs/models/apertus.qmd
- docs/models/gpt-oss.qmd
- docs/models/seed-oss.qmd
- docs/models/phi.qmd
- docs/models/smolvlm2.qmd
- docs/models/granite4.qmd
- docs/models/LiquidAI.qmd
- docs/models/hunyuan.qmd
- docs/models/jamba.qmd
- docs/models/orpheus.qmd
- docs/cli.qmd
- docs/telemetry.qmd
- docs/config-reference.qmd
- docs/config.qmd
- text: "API Reference"
href: docs/api
@@ -302,41 +228,28 @@ website:
contents:
- docs/multimodal.qmd
- docs/rlhf.qmd
- docs/grpo.qmd
- docs/ebft.qmd
- docs/vllm_serving.qmd
- docs/reward_modelling.qmd
- docs/lr_groups.qmd
- docs/lora_optims.qmd
- docs/dataset_loading.qmd
- docs/qat.qmd
- docs/quantize.qmd
- docs/optimizations.qmd
- section: "Core Concepts"
contents:
- docs/batch_vs_grad.qmd
- docs/dataset_preprocessing.qmd
- docs/streaming.qmd
- docs/multipack.qmd
- docs/mixed_precision.qmd
- docs/optimizers.qmd
- docs/attention.qmd
- section: "Advanced Features"
contents:
- docs/fsdp_qlora.qmd
- docs/unsloth.qmd
- docs/torchao.qmd
- docs/custom_integrations.qmd
- docs/sequence_parallelism.qmd
- docs/gradient_checkpointing.qmd
- docs/nd_parallelism.qmd
- docs/expert_quantization.qmd
- section: "Troubleshooting"
contents:
- docs/faq.qmd
- docs/training_stability.qmd
- docs/debugging.qmd
- docs/nccl.qmd

View File

@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
"""Benchmark for entropy_from_logits Triton kernel vs original chunked implementation.
Usage: CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python benchmarks/bench_entropy.py
"""
import gc
import statistics
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from axolotl.monkeypatch.trainer.utils import entropy_from_logits
V = 151936 # Qwen vocab
WARMUP = 5
BENCH_ITERS = 20
MEM_ITERS = 10
def entropy_from_logits_original(logits: torch.Tensor, chunk_size: int = 128):
"""Original chunked implementation (reference)."""
original_shape = logits.shape[:-1]
num_classes = logits.shape[-1]
flat_logits = logits.reshape(-1, num_classes)
entropies = []
for chunk in flat_logits.split(chunk_size, dim=0):
logps = F.log_softmax(chunk, dim=-1)
chunk_entropy = -(torch.exp(logps) * logps).sum(-1)
entropies.append(chunk_entropy)
return torch.cat(entropies, dim=0).reshape(original_shape)
def _clean_gpu():
gc.collect()
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats()
torch.cuda.reset_accumulated_memory_stats()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
def profile_time(fn, logits, n_iters=BENCH_ITERS):
for _ in range(WARMUP):
out = fn(logits, chunk_size=128)
del out
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times = []
for _ in range(n_iters):
s = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
e = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
s.record()
out = fn(logits, chunk_size=128)
e.record()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times.append(s.elapsed_time(e))
del out
return times
def profile_memory(fn, logits, n_iters=MEM_ITERS):
for _ in range(WARMUP):
out = fn(logits, chunk_size=128)
del out
torch.cuda.synchronize()
peaks = []
for _ in range(n_iters):
_clean_gpu()
base = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated()
out = fn(logits, chunk_size=128)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
peaks.append(torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated() - base)
del out
return [p / 1e6 for p in peaks]
def fmt(values, unit=""):
mean = statistics.mean(values)
std = statistics.stdev(values) if len(values) > 1 else 0.0
return f"{mean:8.2f} ± {std:5.2f} {unit} [min={min(values):.2f}, max={max(values):.2f}]"
def benchmark_contiguous():
print("=" * 60)
print(
f"CONTIGUOUS BENCHMARK (warmup={WARMUP}, time={BENCH_ITERS}, mem={MEM_ITERS})"
)
print("=" * 60)
configs = [
(1, 2048),
(1, 8192),
(1, 16384),
(4, 4096),
(8, 2048),
(16, 2048),
(16, 4096),
]
for B, L in configs:
mem_gb = B * L * V * 2 / 1e9
if mem_gb > 28:
print(f"\n skip B={B}, L={L} ({mem_gb:.1f} GB)")
continue
N = B * L
print(f"\n{'' * 60}")
print(f"B={B:2d}, L={L:5d} ({N:6d} rows, logits {mem_gb:.2f} GB)")
print(f"{'' * 60}")
torch.manual_seed(42)
logits = torch.randn(B, L, V, device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
t_orig = profile_time(entropy_from_logits_original, logits)
t_triton = profile_time(entropy_from_logits, logits)
orig_mean = statistics.mean(t_orig)
triton_mean = statistics.mean(t_triton)
print(" TIME (ms):")
print(f" original: {fmt(t_orig, 'ms')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(t_triton, 'ms')}")
print(f" speedup: {orig_mean / triton_mean:.2f}x")
m_orig = profile_memory(entropy_from_logits_original, logits)
m_triton = profile_memory(entropy_from_logits, logits)
orig_peak = statistics.mean(m_orig)
triton_peak = statistics.mean(m_triton)
print(" MEMORY (peak overhead):")
print(f" original: {fmt(m_orig, 'MB')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(m_triton, 'MB')}")
print(f" saved: {orig_peak - triton_peak:.1f} MB")
del logits
_clean_gpu()
def benchmark_noncontiguous():
print("\n" + "=" * 60)
print(
f"NON-CONTIGUOUS BENCHMARK (warmup={WARMUP}, time={BENCH_ITERS}, mem={MEM_ITERS})"
)
print("=" * 60)
configs = [
(4, 2048, "transpose"),
(4, 8192, "transpose"),
(8, 2048, "transpose"),
(4, 4096, "slice_batch"),
]
for B, L, method in configs:
torch.manual_seed(42)
if method == "transpose":
raw = torch.randn(L, B, V, device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
logits_nc = raw.transpose(0, 1)
raw_gb = L * B * V * 2 / 1e9
elif method == "slice_batch":
raw = torch.randn(B * 2, L, V, device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
logits_nc = raw[::2]
raw_gb = B * 2 * L * V * 2 / 1e9
else:
continue
if raw_gb > 28:
print(f"\n skip B={B}, L={L}, {method} ({raw_gb:.1f} GB)")
del raw, logits_nc
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
continue
N = B * L
print(f"\n{'' * 60}")
print(f"B={B}, L={L} {method} ({N} rows, raw {raw_gb:.2f} GB)")
print(f"{'' * 60}")
def original_with_copy(logits, chunk_size=128):
return entropy_from_logits_original(
logits.contiguous(), chunk_size=chunk_size
)
t_orig = profile_time(original_with_copy, logits_nc)
t_triton = profile_time(entropy_from_logits, logits_nc)
orig_mean = statistics.mean(t_orig)
triton_mean = statistics.mean(t_triton)
print(" TIME (ms):")
print(f" orig+copy: {fmt(t_orig, 'ms')}")
print(f" triton-strided:{fmt(t_triton, 'ms')}")
print(f" speedup: {orig_mean / triton_mean:.2f}x")
m_orig = profile_memory(original_with_copy, logits_nc)
m_triton = profile_memory(entropy_from_logits, logits_nc)
orig_peak = statistics.mean(m_orig)
triton_peak = statistics.mean(m_triton)
print(" MEMORY (peak overhead):")
print(f" orig+copy: {fmt(m_orig, 'MB')}")
print(f" triton-strided:{fmt(m_triton, 'MB')}")
print(f" saved: {orig_peak - triton_peak:.1f} MB")
del raw, logits_nc
_clean_gpu()
if __name__ == "__main__":
benchmark_contiguous()
benchmark_noncontiguous()

View File

@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
"""Benchmark for ScatterMoE LoRA Triton kernels.
Measures forward, backward dX, and backward dA/dB kernels at common MoE
model shapes. Reports per-kernel timings, LoRA overhead vs base scatter2scatter,
and full fwd+bwd autograd throughput.
Usage:
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python benchmarks/bench_scattermoe_lora.py
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python benchmarks/bench_scattermoe_lora.py --ranks 16 64
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python benchmarks/bench_scattermoe_lora.py --models Qwen/Qwen3.5-35B-A3B
"""
import argparse
import gc
import time
from functools import partial
import torch
from axolotl.integrations.kernels.libs.scattermoe_lora.kernels import (
lora_ops,
ops as base_ops,
)
from axolotl.integrations.kernels.libs.scattermoe_lora.parallel_experts import (
flatten_sort_count,
)
from axolotl.integrations.kernels.libs.scattermoe_lora.parallel_linear_lora import (
ScatterMoELoRA,
)
DEVICE = "cuda"
DTYPE = torch.bfloat16
WARMUP = 5
ITERS = 20
# ─── Model configs ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
BUILTIN_CONFIGS = {
"Qwen3.5-35B-A3B": (256, 2048, 512, 8), # E, H, I, k
"Qwen3-30B-A3B": (128, 2048, 768, 8),
"OLMoE-1B-7B": (64, 2048, 1024, 8),
"Mixtral-8x7B": (8, 4096, 14336, 2),
}
def _resolve_config(spec):
"""Resolve a model spec to (E, H, I, k). Accepts builtin names or HF IDs."""
key = spec.lower().replace("/", "-")
for name, cfg in BUILTIN_CONFIGS.items():
if key in name.lower() or name.lower() in key:
return name, cfg
from transformers import AutoConfig
hf_cfg = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(spec, trust_remote_code=True)
if callable(getattr(hf_cfg, "get_text_config", None)):
tc = hf_cfg.get_text_config()
if hasattr(tc, "model_type") and tc.model_type != hf_cfg.model_type:
hf_cfg = tc
hidden = hf_cfg.hidden_size
inter = getattr(hf_cfg, "moe_intermediate_size", None) or hf_cfg.intermediate_size
experts = (
getattr(hf_cfg, "num_experts", None)
or getattr(hf_cfg, "num_local_experts", None)
or getattr(hf_cfg, "n_routed_experts", None)
)
top_k = (
getattr(hf_cfg, "num_experts_per_tok", None)
or getattr(hf_cfg, "num_experts_per_token", None)
or 2
)
name = spec.split("/")[-1]
return name, (experts, hidden, inter, top_k)
# ─── Benchmark helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _clean():
gc.collect()
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
def _bench(fn, warmup=WARMUP, iters=ITERS):
for _ in range(warmup):
fn()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times = []
for _ in range(iters):
torch.cuda.synchronize()
t0 = time.perf_counter()
fn()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times.append((time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000)
times.sort()
return times[len(times) // 2]
def _setup(num_experts, K, N, T, top_k, R):
torch.manual_seed(42)
x = torch.randn(T, K, device=DEVICE, dtype=DTYPE)
W = torch.randn(num_experts, K, N, device=DEVICE, dtype=DTYPE) * 0.02
lora_A = torch.randn(R * num_experts, K, device=DEVICE, dtype=DTYPE) * 0.01
lora_B = torch.randn(N, R * num_experts, device=DEVICE, dtype=DTYPE) * 0.01
logits = torch.randn(T, num_experts, device=DEVICE)
_, top_idx = torch.topk(torch.softmax(logits, dim=-1), top_k, dim=-1)
sei, ssi, eo = flatten_sort_count(top_idx, num_experts)
gx = base_ops.group(x, ssi, fan_out=top_k)
dy = torch.randn(gx.size(0), N, device=DEVICE, dtype=DTYPE)
return x, W, lora_A, lora_B, sei, ssi, eo, gx, dy
# ─── Kernel wrappers (avoid B023 loop-variable capture) ──────────────────────
def _call_fwd(x, W, sei, ssi, top_k, lA, lB):
return lora_ops.scatter2scatter_lora(
X=x,
W=W,
sorted_expert_idxs=sei,
sorted_scattered_idxs=ssi,
k=top_k,
lora_A=lA,
lora_B=lB,
scaling=2.0,
)
def _call_base(x, W, sei, ssi, top_k):
return base_ops.scatter2scatter(
X=x,
W=W,
sorted_expert_idxs=sei,
sorted_scattered_idxs=ssi,
k=top_k,
)
def _call_dx(dy, W, sei, ssi, lA, lB):
return lora_ops.scatter2scatter_lora_dX(
DY=dy,
W=W,
sorted_expert_idxs=sei,
sorted_scattered_idxs=ssi,
k=1,
lora_A=lA,
lora_B=lB,
scaling=2.0,
dy_grouped=True,
dx_grouped=False,
)
def _call_bwd(dy, gx, lA, lB, eo, num_experts):
return lora_ops.group_bwd_lora(
DY=dy,
X=gx,
lora_A=lA,
lora_B=lB,
expert_offsets=eo,
E=num_experts,
scaling=2.0,
)
# ─── Main ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="ScatterMoE LoRA kernel benchmark")
parser.add_argument(
"--models",
"-m",
nargs="+",
help="Model names or HF IDs (default: all builtins)",
)
parser.add_argument("--ranks", "-r", nargs="+", type=int, default=[16, 32, 64])
parser.add_argument("--seq-len", "-T", type=int, default=2048)
args = parser.parse_args()
T = args.seq_len
print(f"GPU: {torch.cuda.get_device_name()}")
print(f"T={T}, ranks={args.ranks}\n")
if args.models:
configs = [_resolve_config(m) for m in args.models]
else:
configs = list(BUILTIN_CONFIGS.items())
for model_name, (num_experts, hidden, inter, top_k) in configs:
print(f"{'=' * 70}")
print(f" {model_name}: E={num_experts}, H={hidden}, I={inter}, k={top_k}")
print(f"{'=' * 70}")
for R in args.ranks:
for proj, K, N in [("gate_up", hidden, 2 * inter), ("down", inter, hidden)]:
_clean()
x, W, lA, lB, sei, ssi, eo, gx, dy = _setup(
num_experts, K, N, T, top_k, R
)
# Forward with LoRA (auto-dispatched: fused or split)
dispatch = (
"split"
if (
num_experts <= lora_ops._SPLIT_LORA_FWD_MAX_EXPERTS
and K * N >= lora_ops._SPLIT_LORA_FWD_THRESHOLD
)
else "fused"
)
t_fwd = _bench(partial(_call_fwd, x, W, sei, ssi, top_k, lA, lB))
t_base = _bench(partial(_call_base, x, W, sei, ssi, top_k))
t_dx = _bench(partial(_call_dx, dy, W, sei, ssi, lA, lB))
t_bwd = _bench(partial(_call_bwd, dy, gx, lA, lB, eo, num_experts))
total = t_fwd + t_dx + t_bwd
overhead = t_fwd / t_base - 1 if t_base > 0 else 0
print(
f" R={R:>2} {proj:<8} "
f"fwd={t_fwd:>6.2f}ms [{dispatch}] "
f"base={t_base:>6.2f}ms "
f"(+{overhead * 100:.0f}%) "
f"dx={t_dx:>6.2f}ms bwd={t_bwd:>6.2f}ms "
f"total={total:>6.2f}ms"
)
# Full autograd fwd+bwd with memory measurement
x_ag = x.clone().requires_grad_(True)
lA_ag = lA.clone().requires_grad_(True)
lB_ag = lB.clone().requires_grad_(True)
def _run_autograd(
_x=x_ag,
_W=W,
_k=top_k,
_sei=sei,
_ssi=ssi,
_eo=eo,
_lA=lA_ag,
_lB=lB_ag,
):
out = ScatterMoELoRA.apply(
_x,
_W,
_k,
_sei,
_ssi,
_eo,
_lA,
_lB,
2.0,
None,
None,
False,
False,
True,
False,
)
out.sum().backward()
_x.grad = None
_lA.grad = None
_lB.grad = None
t_full = _bench(_run_autograd)
_clean()
torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats()
mem_before = torch.cuda.memory_allocated()
_run_autograd()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
mem_peak = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated() - mem_before
print(
f" full_fwd_bwd={t_full:>6.2f}ms "
f"peak_delta={mem_peak / 1e6:>6.1f}MB"
)
print()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

View File

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
"""Benchmark for selective_log_softmax Triton kernel vs original implementation.
Usage: CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python benchmarks/bench_selective_logsoftmax.py
"""
import gc
import statistics
import torch
from axolotl.monkeypatch.trainer.utils import (
selective_log_softmax,
selective_log_softmax_original,
)
V = 151936 # Qwen vocab
WARMUP = 5
BENCH_ITERS = 20
MEM_ITERS = 10
def _clean_gpu():
gc.collect()
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats()
torch.cuda.reset_accumulated_memory_stats()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
def profile_time(fn, args, n_iters=BENCH_ITERS):
for _ in range(WARMUP):
fn(*args)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times = []
for _ in range(n_iters):
s = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
e = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
s.record()
fn(*args)
e.record()
torch.cuda.synchronize()
times.append(s.elapsed_time(e))
return times
def profile_memory(fn, args, n_iters=MEM_ITERS):
for _ in range(WARMUP):
out = fn(*args)
del out
torch.cuda.synchronize()
peaks = []
for _ in range(n_iters):
_clean_gpu()
base = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated()
out = fn(*args)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
peaks.append(torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated() - base)
del out
return [p / 1e6 for p in peaks]
def fmt(values, unit=""):
mean = statistics.mean(values)
std = statistics.stdev(values) if len(values) > 1 else 0.0
return f"{mean:8.2f} ± {std:5.2f} {unit} [min={min(values):.2f}, max={max(values):.2f}]"
def benchmark_forward():
print("=" * 60)
print(f"FORWARD BENCHMARK (warmup={WARMUP}, time={BENCH_ITERS}, mem={MEM_ITERS})")
print("=" * 60)
configs = [
(1, 2048),
(1, 8192),
(4, 4096),
(8, 2048),
(16, 2048),
(16, 4096),
]
for B, L in configs:
mem_gb = B * L * V * 2 / 1e9
if mem_gb > 28:
print(f"\n skip B={B}, L={L} ({mem_gb:.1f} GB)")
continue
N = B * L
print(f"\n{'' * 60}")
print(f"B={B:2d}, L={L:5d} ({N:6d} rows, logits {mem_gb:.2f} GB)")
print(f"{'' * 60}")
torch.manual_seed(42)
logits = torch.randn(B, L, V, device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
index = torch.randint(0, V, (B, L), device="cuda")
t_orig = profile_time(selective_log_softmax_original, (logits, index))
t_triton = profile_time(selective_log_softmax, (logits, index))
orig_mean = statistics.mean(t_orig)
triton_mean = statistics.mean(t_triton)
print(" TIME (ms):")
print(f" original: {fmt(t_orig, 'ms')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(t_triton, 'ms')}")
print(f" speedup: {orig_mean / triton_mean:.2f}x")
m_orig = profile_memory(selective_log_softmax_original, (logits, index))
m_triton = profile_memory(selective_log_softmax, (logits, index))
orig_peak = statistics.mean(m_orig)
triton_peak = statistics.mean(m_triton)
print(" MEMORY (peak overhead):")
print(f" original: {fmt(m_orig, 'MB')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(m_triton, 'MB')}")
print(f" saved: {orig_peak - triton_peak:.1f} MB")
del logits, index
_clean_gpu()
def benchmark_backward():
print("\n" + "=" * 60)
print(f"FWD+BWD BENCHMARK (warmup={WARMUP}, time={BENCH_ITERS}, mem={MEM_ITERS})")
print("=" * 60)
configs = [
(1, 2048),
(1, 8192),
(4, 4096),
(8, 2048),
(16, 2048),
(16, 4096),
]
def fwd_bwd_original(logits, index):
logits.grad = None
out = selective_log_softmax_original(logits, index)
out.sum().backward()
def fwd_bwd_triton(logits, index):
logits.grad = None
out = selective_log_softmax(logits, index)
out.sum().backward()
for B, L in configs:
mem_gb = B * L * V * 2 / 1e9
if mem_gb > 20:
print(f"\n skip B={B}, L={L} ({mem_gb:.1f} GB, need room for grads)")
continue
N = B * L
print(f"\n{'' * 60}")
print(f"B={B:2d}, L={L:5d} ({N:6d} rows, logits {mem_gb:.2f} GB)")
print(f"{'' * 60}")
torch.manual_seed(42)
logits_orig = torch.randn(
B, L, V, device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16, requires_grad=True
)
logits_tri = logits_orig.detach().clone().requires_grad_(True)
index = torch.randint(0, V, (B, L), device="cuda")
t_orig = profile_time(fwd_bwd_original, (logits_orig, index))
t_triton = profile_time(fwd_bwd_triton, (logits_tri, index))
orig_mean = statistics.mean(t_orig)
triton_mean = statistics.mean(t_triton)
print(" FWD+BWD TIME (ms):")
print(f" original: {fmt(t_orig, 'ms')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(t_triton, 'ms')}")
print(f" speedup: {orig_mean / triton_mean:.2f}x")
m_orig = profile_memory(fwd_bwd_original, (logits_orig, index))
m_triton = profile_memory(fwd_bwd_triton, (logits_tri, index))
orig_peak = statistics.mean(m_orig)
triton_peak = statistics.mean(m_triton)
print(" FWD+BWD MEMORY (peak overhead):")
print(f" original: {fmt(m_orig, 'MB')}")
print(f" triton: {fmt(m_triton, 'MB')}")
print(f" saved: {orig_peak - triton_peak:.1f} MB")
del logits_orig, logits_tri, index
_clean_gpu()
if __name__ == "__main__":
benchmark_forward()
benchmark_backward()

View File

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
FROM axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv:{{ BASE_TAG }}
ENV TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 9.0+PTX"
ENV AXOLOTL_EXTRAS="{{ AXOLOTL_EXTRAS }}"
ENV AXOLOTL_ARGS="{{ AXOLOTL_ARGS }}"
ENV CUDA="{{ CUDA }}"
ENV PYTORCH_VERSION="{{ PYTORCH_VERSION }}"
ENV GITHUB_REF="{{ GITHUB_REF }}"
ENV GITHUB_SHA="{{ GITHUB_SHA }}"
ENV NIGHTLY_BUILD="{{ NIGHTLY_BUILD }}"
ENV HF_HOME="{{ HF_HOME }}"
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --allow-change-held-packages vim curl nano zstd libnccl2 libnccl-dev ibverbs-providers ibverbs-utils infiniband-diags librdmacm-dev librdmacm1 rdmacm-utils slurm-wlm
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.git
WORKDIR /workspace/axolotl
RUN git fetch origin +$GITHUB_REF && \
git checkout FETCH_HEAD
RUN uv pip install packaging==26.0 setuptools==78.1.1
RUN uv pip install torchvision
RUN uv pip uninstall causal_conv1d
RUN if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ] ; then \
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi
# Override with nightly HF packages for nightly builds
RUN if [ "$NIGHTLY_BUILD" = "true" ] ; then \
uv pip install --no-deps \
"transformers @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main" \
"peft @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/peft.git@main" \
"accelerate @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate.git@main" \
"trl @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/trl.git@main" \
"datasets @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/datasets.git@main"; \
fi
RUN python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py --uv | sh
# So we can test the Docker image
RUN uv pip install black mypy pre-commit types-requests quartodoc jupyter blobfile tiktoken \
codecov codecov-cli pytest pytest-cov pytest-retry pytest-sugar pytest-xdist tbparse
# fix so that git fetch/pull from remote works
RUN git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" && \
git config --get remote.origin.fetch
# helper for huggingface-login cli
RUN git config --global credential.helper store

52
cicd/Dockerfile.jinja Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
FROM axolotlai/axolotl-base:{{ BASE_TAG }}
ENV TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6+PTX"
ENV AXOLOTL_EXTRAS="{{ AXOLOTL_EXTRAS }}"
ENV AXOLOTL_ARGS="{{ AXOLOTL_ARGS }}"
ENV CUDA="{{ CUDA }}"
ENV PYTORCH_VERSION="{{ PYTORCH_VERSION }}"
ENV GITHUB_REF="{{ GITHUB_REF }}"
ENV GITHUB_SHA="{{ GITHUB_SHA }}"
ENV NIGHTLY_BUILD="{{ NIGHTLY_BUILD }}"
ENV HF_HOME="{{ HF_HOME }}"
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --allow-change-held-packages vim curl nano libnccl2 libnccl-dev
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.git
WORKDIR /workspace/axolotl
RUN git fetch origin +$GITHUB_REF && \
git checkout FETCH_HEAD
# If AXOLOTL_EXTRAS is set, append it in brackets
RUN if [ "$NIGHTLY_BUILD" = "true" ] ; then \
sed -i 's#^transformers.*#transformers @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main#' requirements.txt; \
sed -i 's#^peft.*#peft @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/peft.git@main#' requirements.txt; \
sed -i 's#^accelerate.*#accelerate @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate.git@main#' requirements.txt; \
sed -i 's#^trl.*#trl @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/trl.git@main#' requirements.txt; \
sed -i 's#^datasets.*#datasets @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/datasets.git@main#' requirements.txt; \
fi
RUN pip install packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0
RUN if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ] ; then \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi
RUN python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
RUN python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
# So we can test the Docker image
RUN pip install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-tests.txt
# fix so that git fetch/pull from remote works
RUN git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" && \
git config --get remote.origin.fetch
# helper for huggingface-login cli
RUN git config --global credential.helper store

View File

@@ -1,25 +1,7 @@
#!/bin/bash
set -e
python -c "import torch; assert '$PYTORCH_VERSION' in torch.__version__, f'Expected torch $PYTORCH_VERSION but got {torch.__version__}'"
set -o pipefail
for i in 1 2 3; do
if curl --silent --show-error --fail -L \
https://axolotl-ci.b-cdn.net/hf-cache.tar.zst \
| tar -xpf - -C "${HF_HOME}/hub/" --use-compress-program unzstd --strip-components=1; then
echo "HF cache extracted successfully"
break
fi
echo "Attempt $i failed, cleaning up and retrying in 15s..."
rm -rf "${HF_HOME}/hub/"*
sleep 15
done
# hf download "NousResearch/Meta-Llama-3-8B"
# hf download "NousResearch/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct"
# hf download "microsoft/Phi-4-reasoning"
# hf download "microsoft/Phi-3.5-mini-instruct"
# hf download "microsoft/Phi-3-medium-128k-instruct"
python -c "import torch; assert '$PYTORCH_VERSION' in torch.__version__"
# Run unit tests with initial coverage report
pytest -v --durations=10 -n8 \
@@ -36,7 +18,7 @@ pytest -v --durations=10 \
--cov-append
# Run patched tests excluding lora kernels with coverage append
pytest --full-trace -vvv --durations=10 \
pytest -v --durations=10 \
--ignore=tests/e2e/patched/lora_kernels \
/workspace/axolotl/tests/e2e/patched \
--cov=axolotl \

View File

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
"""Modal app to run axolotl GPU cleanup"""
from .single_gpu import VOLUME_CONFIG, app, cicd_image, run_cmd
@app.function(
image=cicd_image,
timeout=60 * 60,
cpu=8.0,
memory=131072,
volumes=VOLUME_CONFIG,
)
def cleanup():
run_cmd("./cicd/cleanup.sh", "/workspace/axolotl")
@app.local_entrypoint()
def main():
cleanup.remote()

View File

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
#!/bin/bash
set -e
# cleanup old cache files for datasets processing and intermediate mappings
find /workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub/datasets -name "cache-*" -type f -mtime +1 -exec rm {} \;
find /workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub/datasets -name "*.lock" -type f -mtime +1 -exec rm {} \;

View File

@@ -1,12 +1,75 @@
"""Modal app to run axolotl GPU tests"""
from .single_gpu import GPU_CONFIG, VOLUME_CONFIG, app, cicd_image, run_cmd
# pylint: disable=duplicate-code
import os
import pathlib
import tempfile
import jinja2
import modal
from jinja2 import select_autoescape
from modal import App, Image
cicd_path = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
template_loader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(searchpath=cicd_path)
template_env = jinja2.Environment(
loader=template_loader, autoescape=select_autoescape()
)
df_template = template_env.get_template("Dockerfile.jinja")
df_args = {
"AXOLOTL_EXTRAS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_EXTRAS", ""),
"AXOLOTL_ARGS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_ARGS", ""),
"PYTORCH_VERSION": os.environ.get("PYTORCH_VERSION", "2.4.1"),
"BASE_TAG": os.environ.get("BASE_TAG", "main-base-py3.11-cu121-2.4.1"),
"CUDA": os.environ.get("CUDA", "121"),
"GITHUB_REF": os.environ.get("GITHUB_REF", "refs/heads/main"),
"GITHUB_SHA": os.environ.get("GITHUB_SHA", ""),
"NIGHTLY_BUILD": os.environ.get("NIGHTLY_BUILD", ""),
"CODECOV_TOKEN": os.environ.get("CODECOV_TOKEN", ""),
"HF_HOME": "/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub",
}
dockerfile_contents = df_template.render(**df_args)
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
with open(pathlib.Path(temp_dir) / "Dockerfile", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write(dockerfile_contents)
cicd_image = Image.from_dockerfile(
pathlib.Path(temp_dir) / "Dockerfile",
context_mount=None,
force_build=True,
gpu="A10G",
).env(df_args)
app = App("Axolotl CI/CD", secrets=[])
hf_cache_volume = modal.Volume.from_name(
"axolotl-ci-hf-hub-cache", create_if_missing=True
)
VOLUME_CONFIG = {
"/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub": hf_cache_volume,
}
N_GPUS = int(os.environ.get("N_GPUS", 1))
GPU_CONFIG = modal.gpu.L40S(count=N_GPUS)
def run_cmd(cmd: str, run_folder: str):
import subprocess # nosec
# Propagate errors from subprocess.
if exit_code := subprocess.call(cmd.split(), cwd=run_folder): # nosec
exit(exit_code) # pylint: disable=consider-using-sys-exit
@app.function(
image=cicd_image,
gpu=GPU_CONFIG,
timeout=120 * 60, # 90 min
timeout=60 * 60,
cpu=8.0,
memory=131072,
volumes=VOLUME_CONFIG,

View File

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
modal application to run axolotl gpu tests in Modal
"""
# pylint: disable=duplicate-code
import os
import pathlib
import tempfile
@@ -17,22 +19,18 @@ template_loader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(searchpath=cicd_path)
template_env = jinja2.Environment(
loader=template_loader, autoescape=select_autoescape()
)
dockerfile = os.environ.get("E2E_DOCKERFILE", "Dockerfile-uv.jinja")
df_template = template_env.get_template(dockerfile)
df_template = template_env.get_template("Dockerfile.jinja")
df_args = {
"AXOLOTL_EXTRAS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_EXTRAS", ""),
"AXOLOTL_ARGS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_ARGS", ""),
"PYTORCH_VERSION": os.environ.get("PYTORCH_VERSION", "2.6.0"),
"BASE_TAG": os.environ.get("BASE_TAG", "main-base-py3.11-cu126-2.6.0"),
"CUDA": os.environ.get("CUDA", "126"),
"PYTORCH_VERSION": os.environ.get("PYTORCH_VERSION", "2.4.1"),
"BASE_TAG": os.environ.get("BASE_TAG", "main-base-py3.11-cu121-2.4.1"),
"CUDA": os.environ.get("CUDA", "121"),
"GITHUB_REF": os.environ.get("GITHUB_REF", "refs/heads/main"),
"GITHUB_SHA": os.environ.get("GITHUB_SHA", ""),
"NIGHTLY_BUILD": os.environ.get("NIGHTLY_BUILD", ""),
"CODECOV_TOKEN": os.environ.get("CODECOV_TOKEN", ""),
"HF_HOME": "/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub",
"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": os.environ.get("PYTHONUNBUFFERED", "1"),
"DEEPSPEED_LOG_LEVEL": os.environ.get("DEEPSPEED_LOG_LEVEL", "WARNING"),
}
dockerfile_contents = df_template.render(**df_args)
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ VOLUME_CONFIG = {
}
N_GPUS = int(os.environ.get("N_GPUS", 2))
GPU_CONFIG = f"H100:{N_GPUS}"
GPU_CONFIG = modal.gpu.H100(count=N_GPUS)
def run_cmd(cmd: str, run_folder: str):
@@ -65,14 +63,14 @@ def run_cmd(cmd: str, run_folder: str):
# Propagate errors from subprocess.
if exit_code := subprocess.call(cmd.split(), cwd=run_folder): # nosec
exit(exit_code)
exit(exit_code) # pylint: disable=consider-using-sys-exit
@app.function(
image=cicd_image,
gpu=GPU_CONFIG,
timeout=120 * 60,
cpu=16.0,
timeout=90 * 60,
cpu=8.0,
memory=131072 * N_GPUS,
volumes=VOLUME_CONFIG,
)

View File

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
set -e
# Only run two tests at a time to avoid OOM on GPU (with coverage collection)
pytest -v --durations=10 -n2 --maxfail=3 \
pytest -v -n2 \
--ignore=/workspace/axolotl/tests/e2e/multigpu/solo/ \
--ignore=/workspace/axolotl/tests/e2e/multigpu/patched/ \
/workspace/axolotl/tests/e2e/multigpu/ \
@@ -19,7 +19,5 @@ pytest -v --durations=10 -n1 /workspace/axolotl/tests/e2e/multigpu/patched/ \
--cov-append \
--cov-report=xml:multigpu-coverage.xml
# Upload coverage to Codecov if CODECOV_TOKEN is available
if [ -n "$CODECOV_TOKEN" ]; then
codecov upload-process -t "${CODECOV_TOKEN}" -f multigpu-coverage.xml -F multigpu,docker-tests,pytorch-${PYTORCH_VERSION} || true
fi
# Upload coverage to Codecov
codecov upload-process -t "${CODECOV_TOKEN}" -f multigpu-coverage.xml -F multigpu,docker-tests,pytorch-${PYTORCH_VERSION} || true

View File

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
"""Modal app to run axolotl GPU tests"""
import os
import pathlib
import tempfile
import jinja2
import modal
import modal.experimental
from jinja2 import select_autoescape
from modal import App
cicd_path = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
template_loader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(searchpath=cicd_path)
template_env = jinja2.Environment(
loader=template_loader, autoescape=select_autoescape()
)
dockerfile = os.environ.get("E2E_DOCKERFILE", "Dockerfile-uv.jinja")
df_template = template_env.get_template(dockerfile)
df_args = {
"AXOLOTL_EXTRAS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_EXTRAS", ""),
"AXOLOTL_ARGS": os.environ.get("AXOLOTL_ARGS", ""),
"PYTORCH_VERSION": os.environ.get("PYTORCH_VERSION", "2.6.0"),
"BASE_TAG": os.environ.get("BASE_TAG", "main-base-py3.11-cu126-2.6.0"),
"CUDA": os.environ.get("CUDA", "126"),
"GITHUB_REF": os.environ.get("GITHUB_REF", "refs/heads/main"),
"GITHUB_SHA": os.environ.get("GITHUB_SHA", ""),
"NIGHTLY_BUILD": os.environ.get("NIGHTLY_BUILD", ""),
"CODECOV_TOKEN": os.environ.get("CODECOV_TOKEN", ""),
"HF_HOME": "/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub",
"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": os.environ.get("PYTHONUNBUFFERED", "1"),
"DEEPSPEED_LOG_LEVEL": os.environ.get("DEEPSPEED_LOG_LEVEL", "WARNING"),
}
dockerfile_contents = df_template.render(**df_args)
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
with open(pathlib.Path(temp_dir) / "Dockerfile", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write(dockerfile_contents)
cicd_image = modal.experimental.raw_dockerfile_image(
pathlib.Path(temp_dir) / "Dockerfile",
# context_mount=None,
force_build=True,
# gpu="A10G",
).env(df_args)
app = App("Axolotl CI/CD", secrets=[])
hf_cache_volume = modal.Volume.from_name(
"axolotl-ci-hf-hub-cache", create_if_missing=True
)
VOLUME_CONFIG = {
"/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub": hf_cache_volume,
}
N_GPUS = int(os.environ.get("N_GPUS", 1))
GPU_TYPE = os.environ.get("GPU_TYPE", "L40S")
GPU_CONFIG = f"{GPU_TYPE}:{N_GPUS}"
def run_cmd(cmd: str, run_folder: str):
import subprocess # nosec
sp_env = os.environ.copy()
sp_env["AXOLOTL_DATASET_NUM_PROC"] = "8"
# Propagate errors from subprocess.
exit_code = subprocess.call(cmd.split(), cwd=run_folder, env=sp_env) # nosec
if exit_code:
raise RuntimeError(f"Command '{cmd}' failed with exit code {exit_code}")

View File

@@ -12,22 +12,21 @@ coverage:
default:
# basic
target: auto
threshold: 1%
base: auto
# advanced
branches: null
if_no_uploads: error
if_not_found: success
if_ci_failed: error
only_pulls: true
flags: null
paths: null
informational: true
patch:
default:
# basic
target: auto
threshold: 1%
threshold: 0%
base: auto
# advanced
branches: null
if_no_uploads: error
if_not_found: success
if_ci_failed: error
only_pulls: false
flags: null
paths: null
patch:
default:
# basic
target: auto
threshold: 0%
base: auto
# advanced
branches: null
@@ -37,7 +36,6 @@ coverage:
only_pulls: false
flags: null
paths: null
informational: true
parsers:
gcov:

View File

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
{
"compile": {
"disable": false,
"backend": "inductor"
},
"zero_optimization": {
"stage": 2,
"offload_optimizer": {
"device": "cpu"
},
"contiguous_gradients": true,
"overlap_comm": true
},
"bf16": {
"enabled": "auto"
},
"fp16": {
"enabled": "auto",
"auto_cast": false,
"loss_scale": 0,
"initial_scale_power": 32,
"loss_scale_window": 1000,
"hysteresis": 2,
"min_loss_scale": 1
},
"gradient_accumulation_steps": "auto",
"gradient_clipping": "auto",
"train_batch_size": "auto",
"train_micro_batch_size_per_gpu": "auto",
"wall_clock_breakdown": false
}

View File

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
"reduce_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_prefetch_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_param_persistence_threshold": "auto",
"max_live_parameters": 0,
"max_reuse_distance": 0,
"gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
"stage3_max_live_parameters": 0,
"stage3_max_reuse_distance": 0,
"stage3_gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
},
"bf16": {
"enabled": "auto"

View File

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
"reduce_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_prefetch_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_param_persistence_threshold": "auto",
"max_live_parameters": 0,
"max_reuse_distance": 0,
"gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
"stage3_max_live_parameters": 0,
"stage3_max_reuse_distance": 0,
"stage3_gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
},
"bf16": {
"enabled": true

View File

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
"reduce_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_prefetch_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_param_persistence_threshold": "auto",
"max_live_parameters": 0,
"max_reuse_distance": 0,
"gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
"stage3_max_live_parameters": 0,
"stage3_max_reuse_distance": 0,
"stage3_gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
},
"bf16": {
"enabled": true

View File

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@
"reduce_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_prefetch_bucket_size": "auto",
"stage3_param_persistence_threshold": "auto",
"max_live_parameters": 0,
"max_reuse_distance": 0,
"gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
"stage3_max_live_parameters": 0,
"stage3_max_reuse_distance": 0,
"stage3_gather_16bit_weights_on_model_save": true
},
"bf16": {
"enabled": true

View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ datasets:
val_set_size: 0
output_dir: temp_debug/axolotl_outputs/model
dataset_prepared_path: temp_debug/axolotl_outputs/data
dataset_num_proc: 1
dataset_processes: 1
sequence_len: 4096
sample_packing: false

View File

@@ -6,14 +6,11 @@ ARG AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=""
ARG AXOLOTL_ARGS=""
ARG CUDA="118"
ARG PYTORCH_VERSION="2.1.2"
ARG TARGETARCH
ENV PYTORCH_VERSION=$PYTORCH_VERSION
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --allow-change-held-packages vim curl nano libnccl2 libnccl-dev rsync s3fs && \
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
apt-get install -y --allow-change-held-packages vim curl nano libnccl2 libnccl-dev rsync s3fs
WORKDIR /workspace
@@ -21,27 +18,22 @@ RUN git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.git
WORKDIR /workspace/axolotl
# If AXOLOTL_EXTRAS is set, append it in brackets; don't install deepspeed with arm64
RUN pip uninstall -y causal_conv1d
RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
BASE_EXTRAS="optimizers,ray"; \
# If AXOLOTL_EXTRAS is set, append it in brackets
RUN if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ] ; then \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
BASE_EXTRAS="deepspeed,optimizers,ray"; \
fi && \
if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ]; then \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[$BASE_EXTRAS,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[$BASE_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi && \
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh && \
pip install pytest && \
pip cache purge
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,ring-flash-attn,optimizers,ray] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi
# fix so that git fetch/pull from remote works with shallow clone
RUN python scripts/unsloth_install.py | sh
RUN python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py | sh
# So we can test the Docker image
RUN pip install pytest
# fix so that git fetch/pull from remote works
RUN git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" && \
git config --get remote.origin.fetch && \
git config --global credential.helper store
git config --get remote.origin.fetch
COPY .axolotl-complete.bash /root/.axolotl-complete.bash
RUN chmod +x /root/.axolotl-complete.bash && \
echo 'source /root/.axolotl-complete.bash' >> ~/.bashrc
# helper for huggingface-login cli
RUN git config --global credential.helper store

View File

@@ -2,59 +2,42 @@ ARG CUDA_VERSION="11.8.0"
ARG CUDNN_VERSION="8"
ARG UBUNTU_VERSION="22.04"
ARG MAX_JOBS=4
ARG TARGETARCH
FROM nvidia/cuda:$CUDA_VERSION-cudnn$CUDNN_VERSION-devel-ubuntu$UBUNTU_VERSION AS base-builder
ENV PATH="/root/miniconda3/bin:${PATH}"
ARG TARGETARCH
ARG PYTHON_VERSION="3.11"
ARG PYTHON_VERSION="3.10"
ARG PYTORCH_VERSION="2.1.2"
ARG CUDA="128"
ARG CUDA="118"
ARG TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 9.0+PTX"
ENV PYTHON_VERSION=$PYTHON_VERSION
ENV TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST=$TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
wget git build-essential ninja-build git-lfs libaio-dev pkg-config \
ibverbs-providers ibverbs-utils infiniband-diags \
librdmacm-dev librdmacm1 rdmacm-utils slurm-wlm \
&& rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
MINICONDA_ARCH="x86_64"; \
elif [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
MINICONDA_ARCH="aarch64"; \
else \
echo "Unsupported architecture: $TARGETARCH"; exit 1; \
fi \
&& wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-${MINICONDA_ARCH}.sh \
&& apt-get install -y wget git build-essential ninja-build git-lfs libaio-dev pkg-config && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& wget \
https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh \
&& mkdir /root/.conda \
&& bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-${MINICONDA_ARCH}.sh -b \
&& rm -f Miniconda3-latest-Linux-${MINICONDA_ARCH}.sh \
&& conda tos accept --override-channels --channel https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main \
&& conda tos accept --override-channels --channel https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r \
&& bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -b \
&& rm -f Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh \
&& conda create -n "py${PYTHON_VERSION}" python="${PYTHON_VERSION}"
ENV PATH="/root/miniconda3/envs/py${PYTHON_VERSION}/bin:${PATH}"
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip && pip3 install -U packaging==26.0 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel psutil && \
RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip && pip3 install -U packaging==23.2 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir -U torch==${PYTORCH_VERSION}+cu${CUDA} torchvision --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu$CUDA && \
python3 -m pip cache purge
RUN if [ "$CUDA" != "130" ] ; then \
CAUSAL_CONV1D_FORCE_CXX11_ABI=TRUE CAUSAL_CONV1D_FORCE_BUILD=TRUE python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "causal_conv1d @ git+https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d.git@v1.5.4"; \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "mamba_ssm @ git+https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba.git@main"; \
python3 -m pip cache purge; \
fi
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "causal_conv1d @ git+https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d.git@main" && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "mamba_ssm @ git+https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba.git@main"
RUN git lfs install --skip-repo && \
pip3 install awscli && \
# The base image ships with `pydantic==1.8.2` which is not working
pip3 install -U --no-cache-dir pydantic==1.10.10 && \
pip3 cache purge
pip3 install -U --no-cache-dir pydantic==1.10.10
RUN if [ "$PYTORCH_VERSION" = "2.7.0" ] ; then \
pip3 install flash-attn==2.7.4.post1; \
fi

View File

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ ENV PATH="/root/miniconda3/envs/py${PYTHON_VERSION}/bin:${PATH}"
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip && pip3 install packaging && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir -U torch==2.7.1 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/test/cu$CUDA && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir -U torch==2.7.0 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/test/cu$CUDA && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "causal_conv1d @ git+https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d.git@main" && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "mamba_ssm @ git+https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba.git@main"

View File

@@ -22,22 +22,18 @@ RUN apt-get update \
&& mkdir /root/.conda \
&& bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -b \
&& rm -f Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh \
&& conda tos accept --override-channels --channel https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main \
&& conda tos accept --override-channels --channel https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r \
&& conda create -n "py${PYTHON_VERSION}" python="${PYTHON_VERSION}"
ENV PATH="/root/miniconda3/envs/py${PYTHON_VERSION}/bin:${PATH}"
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip && pip3 install -U packaging==26.0 setuptools==75.8.0 wheel && \
RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip && pip3 install packaging && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir -U torch --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/nightly/cu$CUDA && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "causal_conv1d @ git+https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d.git@main" && \
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "mamba_ssm @ git+https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba.git@main" && \
python3 -m pip cache purge
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir "mamba_ssm @ git+https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba.git@main"
RUN git lfs install --skip-repo && \
pip3 install awscli && \
# The base image ships with `pydantic==1.8.2` which is not working
pip3 install -U --no-cache-dir pydantic==1.10.10 && \
pip3 cache purge
pip3 install -U --no-cache-dir pydantic==1.10.10

View File

@@ -14,10 +14,7 @@ COPY scripts/motd /etc/motd
RUN pip install jupyterlab notebook ipywidgets && \
jupyter lab clean
RUN apt update && \
apt install --yes --no-install-recommends openssh-server tmux iproute2 nvtop && \
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
RUN apt install --yes --no-install-recommends openssh-server tmux iproute2 nvtop && \
mkdir -p ~/.ssh && \
chmod 700 ~/.ssh && \
printf "\n[[ -z \"\$TMUX\" ]] && { tmux attach-session -t ssh_tmux || tmux new-session -s ssh_tmux; exit; }\n" >> ~/.bashrc && \

View File

@@ -9,15 +9,13 @@ ENV HF_HUB_ENABLE_HF_TRANSFER="1"
EXPOSE 8888
EXPOSE 22
COPY scripts/cloud-entrypoint.sh /root/cloud-entrypoint.sh
COPY scripts/cloud-entrypoint-term.sh /root/cloud-entrypoint.sh
COPY scripts/motd /etc/motd
RUN pip install jupyterlab notebook ipywidgets && \
jupyter lab clean
RUN apt update && \
apt install --yes --no-install-recommends openssh-server tmux iproute2 nvtop ibverbs-providers ibverbs-utils infiniband-diags librdmacm-dev librdmacm1 rdmacm-utils slurm-wlm && \
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
RUN apt install --yes --no-install-recommends openssh-server tmux sudo && \
pip3 install -U --no-cache-dir grpcio ray[default]==2.9.3 && \
mkdir -p ~/.ssh && \
chmod 700 ~/.ssh && \
printf "[ ! -z \"\$TERM\" -a -r /etc/motd ] && cat /etc/motd\n" >> ~/.bashrc && \

View File

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
ARG BASE_TAG=main
FROM axolotlai/axolotl-uv:$BASE_TAG
ENV HF_DATASETS_CACHE="/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/datasets"
ENV HF_HUB_CACHE="/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub"
ENV HF_HOME="/workspace/data/huggingface-cache/hub"
ENV HF_HUB_ENABLE_HF_TRANSFER="1"
EXPOSE 8888
EXPOSE 22
COPY scripts/cloud-entrypoint.sh /root/cloud-entrypoint.sh
COPY scripts/motd /etc/motd
RUN uv pip install jupyterlab notebook ipywidgets && \
jupyter lab clean
RUN apt update && \
apt install --yes --no-install-recommends openssh-server tmux iproute2 nvtop && \
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
mkdir -p ~/.ssh && \
chmod 700 ~/.ssh && \
printf "\n[[ -z \"\$TMUX\" ]] && { tmux attach-session -t ssh_tmux || tmux new-session -s ssh_tmux; exit; }\n" >> ~/.bashrc && \
printf "[ ! -z \"\$TERM\" -a -r /etc/motd ] && cat /etc/motd\n" >> ~/.bashrc && \
printf "source /workspace/axolotl-venv/bin/activate\n" >> ~/.bashrc && \
chmod +x /workspace/axolotl/scripts/cloud-entrypoint.sh && \
chmod +x /root/cloud-entrypoint.sh && \
echo 'set-option -g history-limit 5000' >> ~/.tmux.conf
ENTRYPOINT ["/root/cloud-entrypoint.sh"]
CMD ["sleep", "infinity"]

View File

@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ RUN git fetch origin +$GITHUB_REF && \
# If AXOLOTL_EXTRAS is set, append it in brackets
RUN if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ] ; then \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,mamba-ssm,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,mamba-ssm,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,mamba-ssm] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[deepspeed,flash-attn,mamba-ssm] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi
# So we can test the Docker image

View File

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
ARG BASE_TAG=main-base
FROM axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv:$BASE_TAG
ARG TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6+PTX"
ARG AXOLOTL_EXTRAS=""
ARG AXOLOTL_ARGS=""
ARG CUDA="118"
ARG PYTORCH_VERSION="2.1.2"
ARG TARGETARCH
ENV PYTORCH_VERSION=$PYTORCH_VERSION
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --allow-change-held-packages vim curl nano libnccl2 libnccl-dev rsync s3fs && \
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.git
WORKDIR /workspace/axolotl
# If AXOLOTL_EXTRAS is set, append it in brackets; don't install deepspeed with arm64
RUN uv pip uninstall causal_conv1d
RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
BASE_EXTRAS="optimizers,ray"; \
else \
BASE_EXTRAS="deepspeed,optimizers,ray"; \
fi && \
if [ "$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS" != "" ]; then \
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[$BASE_EXTRAS,$AXOLOTL_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
else \
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e .[$BASE_EXTRAS] $AXOLOTL_ARGS; \
fi && \
python scripts/cutcrossentropy_install.py --uv | sh && \
uv pip install pytest && \
uv cache clean
# fix so that git fetch/pull from remote works with shallow clone
RUN git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" && \
git config --get remote.origin.fetch && \
git config --global credential.helper store
COPY .axolotl-complete.bash /root/.axolotl-complete.bash
RUN chmod +x /root/.axolotl-complete.bash && \
echo 'source /root/.axolotl-complete.bash' >> ~/.bashrc

View File

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
ARG CUDA_VERSION="12.6.3"
ARG CUDNN_VERSION=""
ARG UBUNTU_VERSION="22.04"
ARG MAX_JOBS=4
ARG TARGETARCH
FROM nvidia/cuda:$CUDA_VERSION-cudnn$CUDNN_VERSION-devel-ubuntu$UBUNTU_VERSION AS base-builder
ARG TARGETARCH
ARG PYTHON_VERSION="3.11"
ARG PYTORCH_VERSION="2.6.0"
ARG CUDA="126"
ARG TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 9.0+PTX"
ENV PYTHON_VERSION=$PYTHON_VERSION
ENV TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST=$TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST
ENV UV_TORCH_BACKEND="cu${CUDA}"
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y wget git build-essential ninja-build git-lfs libaio-dev pkg-config curl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& git lfs install --skip-repo \
&& curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
ENV PATH="/root/.local/bin:${PATH}"
RUN uv python install ${PYTHON_VERSION}
WORKDIR /workspace
RUN uv venv --no-project --relocatable axolotl-venv
ENV PATH="/workspace/axolotl-venv/bin:${PATH}"
RUN uv pip install packaging setuptools wheel psutil \
&& uv pip install torch==${PYTORCH_VERSION} torchvision \
&& uv pip install awscli pydantic
RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
MAMBA_SKIP_CUDA_BUILD=TRUE CAUSAL_CONV1D_SKIP_CUDA_BUILD=TRUE uv pip install --no-build-isolation mamba_ssm causal_conv1d; \
fi

3
docs/.gitignore vendored
View File

@@ -2,6 +2,3 @@
_site/
/api/*.qmd
/api/*.html
config-reference.qmd
models/**/*.qmd
models/**/*.html

View File

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
# GRPO — Agent Reference
Online RL with verifiable reward functions. For full config reference, async features, and scaling, see [grpo.qmd](../grpo.qmd). For vLLM setup, see [vllm_serving.qmd](../vllm_serving.qmd).
## Architecture
```
Terminal 1 (GPU 0) Terminal 2 (GPU 1)
┌──────────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
│ vLLM Server │ HTTP │ Trainer │
│ Serves base model │◄────────────►│ 1. Send prompts to vLLM │
│ + LoRA adapter │ /generate │ 2. Score completions (rewards) │
│ │ /set_lora │ 3. Compute advantages │
│ Punica kernels for │ │ 4. PPO-clip gradient update │
│ LoRA inference │ │ 5. Sync LoRA weights to vLLM │
└──────────────────────┘ └──────────────────────────────────┘
```
## Components Required
1. A YAML config with `rl: grpo`
2. A reward module (Python file with reward functions)
3. A running vLLM server (`axolotl vllm-serve config.yaml`)
## Reward Function Signature
```python
def my_reward(completions, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
# completions[i][0]["content"] = text of i-th completion
# **kwargs contains dataset columns not removed by transform
return [score_for_each_completion]
```
Multiple rewards: `reward_funcs: [r1, r2]` with `reward_weights: [1.0, 0.5]`.
## Key Async Features
| Feature | Config | Purpose |
|---------|--------|---------|
| Async prefetch | `async_prefetch: true` | Overlap generation with training |
| LoRA sync | `vllm_lora_sync: true` | Fast adapter sync via filesystem |
| Streaming scoring | `streaming_partial_batch: true` | Score one group at a time |
| Zero-adv skip | `skip_zero_advantage_batches: true` | Skip batches with no learning signal |
| Replay buffer | `replay_buffer_size: 100` | Cache high-signal groups |
| IS correction | `vllm_importance_sampling_correction: true` | Fix off-policy distribution shift |
## Health Checks
- `rewards/*/mean` > 0.15 within 20 steps (else: test reward function standalone)
- `reward_std` > 0 on most steps (else: no learning signal)
- `entropy` 0.05-0.5 (< 0.01 = mode collapse)
- `grad_norm` 0.001-1.0 (> 10 = unstable, 0.0 = zero-advantage skip)
See [training_stability.qmd](../training_stability.qmd) for detailed diagnostics.
## File Map
```
src/axolotl/
cli/train.py # Entry point
cli/vllm_serve.py # Entry point for vLLM server
core/trainers/grpo/
trainer.py # AxolotlGRPOTrainer
sampler.py # Sampling utilities
core/builders/rl.py # HFRLTrainerBuilder — routes rl type → trainer
scripts/vllm_serve_lora.py # vLLM serve script with LoRA sync support
utils/schemas/trl.py # TRL config schema (all trl: options)
docs/grpo.qmd # Full user docs: async, rewards, scaling, config reference
docs/vllm_serving.qmd # vLLM server modes, LoRA sync, weight sync
```

View File

@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
# Model Architectures — Agent Reference
Model-specific quirks, required settings, and known issues. Check this before debugging training failures on specific model families.
## VLM (Vision Language Model) Quick Start
All VLM configs require these four lines:
```yaml
processor_type: AutoProcessor
skip_prepare_dataset: true
remove_unused_columns: false
sample_packing: false
```
Decision tree for VLM config:
```text
Is the model multimodal (has vision/audio encoder)?
├─ YES: Add `freeze_mm_modules: true` if training text only
│ Add `chat_template: <model_template>` (e.g. gemma4, qwen3_5, gemma3)
│ LoRA: use regex `lora_target_modules` to restrict to language model
└─ NO: Train as a regular text model
Is the model MoE (e.g. Gemma4 26B-A4B, Qwen3.5 35B-A3B)?
├─ YES: Add `lora_target_parameters` for expert LoRA
│ Consider ScatterMoE kernels (see Plugins section)
└─ NO: Standard LoRA config
```
## Plugins & Optimizations
### Cut Cross Entropy (CCE)
Computes loss from hidden states + lm_head weight without materializing the full logits tensor, saving significant VRAM. Install if not already present:
```bash
uv pip install "cut-cross-entropy[transformers] @ git+https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/ml-cross-entropy.git@main"
```
```yaml
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.cut_cross_entropy.CutCrossEntropyPlugin
```
### ScatterMoE Kernels
Fuses expert + LoRA computation into a single kernel for MoE models. Significant speedup for models with many experts.
```yaml
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.kernels.KernelsPlugin
use_kernels: true
use_scattermoe: true
experts_implementation: scattermoe
# Expert LoRA targets (3D parameter tensors, not nn.Linear):
lora_target_parameters:
- experts.gate_up_proj
- experts.down_proj
```
Supported: Gemma4 (`gemma4_text`), Mixtral, Qwen MoE variants. The plugin auto-detects model type and routing function. Without ScatterMoE, expert LoRA still works but runs base expert matmul and LoRA as separate operations.
## Gemma 4
**Models**: `google/gemma-4-26B-A4B` (MoE), `google/gemma-4-31B` (dense), `google/gemma-4-E2B`, `google/gemma-4-E4B`
**Architecture**: Multimodal wrapper (`Gemma4ForConditionalGeneration`) over a text backbone (`Gemma4TextModel`), with optional vision/audio encoders. All Gemma4 HF repos have `model_type: "gemma4"` — even text-only variants load as multimodal with a vision tower.
### Required settings
```yaml
# Always needed for Gemma4:
freeze_mm_modules: true # Freeze vision/audio encoders for text-only training
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs:
use_reentrant: false # Shared per-layer norms cause "marked ready twice" with reentrant
# LoRA target — restrict to language model only (DO NOT use lora_target_linear: true):
lora_target_modules: 'model.language_model.layers.[\d]+.(_checkpoint_wrapped_module.)?(mlp|self_attn).(up|down|gate|q|k|v|o)_proj'
```
### Auto-detection
Axolotl auto-detects Gemma4 and applies:
- `use_reentrant: false` for gradient checkpointing
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters: true` for DDP (skipped when `activation_offloading: true`)
### Multi-GPU
| Strategy | Works? | Notes |
|----------|--------|-------|
| DDP | Yes | Auto-sets `ddp_find_unused_parameters=True` |
| DDP + activation_offloading | Yes | `find_unused_parameters` is skipped (conflicts with checkpoint wrappers) |
| FSDP1 | No | OOM during dequantization/sharding with QLoRA |
| FSDP2 | Yes | Use `Gemma4TextDecoderLayer` (not `Gemma4DecoderLayer`) as wrap class |
| FSDP2 + activation_offloading | Yes | Lowest VRAM (~26 GiB/GPU for 26B-A4B) |
FSDP2 config:
```yaml
fsdp:
- full_shard
- auto_wrap
fsdp_config:
fsdp_version: 2
fsdp_auto_wrap_policy: TRANSFORMER_BASED_WRAP
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Gemma4TextDecoderLayer
```
### MoE (26B-A4B)
- `enable_moe_block: true`, 256 experts, top-k routing
- No separate `SparseMoeBlock` — MoE is embedded in each decoder layer
- Expert LoRA targets 3D parameter tensors:
```yaml
lora_target_parameters:
- experts.gate_up_proj
- experts.down_proj
```
- ScatterMoE kernel acceleration:
```yaml
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.kernels.KernelsPlugin
use_kernels: true
use_scattermoe: true
experts_implementation: scattermoe
```
### VLM (Vision) Training
All Gemma4 models load as `Gemma4ForConditionalGeneration` with a vision tower. No custom `ProcessingStrategy` needed — the base class auto-detects the image token.
```yaml
base_model: google/gemma-4-E2B-it # or E4B-it, 26B-A4B
processor_type: AutoProcessor
freeze_mm_modules: true
chat_template: gemma4
skip_prepare_dataset: true
remove_unused_columns: false
sample_packing: false
```
A starting VLM loss of ~8-15 is typical. In most runs, loss converges below 1.0 within ~30-50 steps, though results may vary across configurations.
For the 26B-A4B MoE variant with ScatterMoE + expert LoRA + CCE, add:
```yaml
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.cut_cross_entropy.CutCrossEntropyPlugin
- axolotl.integrations.kernels.KernelsPlugin
use_kernels: true
use_scattermoe: true
experts_implementation: scattermoe
lora_target_parameters:
- experts.gate_up_proj
- experts.down_proj
```
### Common issues
| Symptom | Cause | Fix |
|---------|-------|-----|
| `mm_token_type_ids is required` in DDP | `model.config` not accessible through DDP wrapper | Already fixed — `unwrap_model()` in `compute_loss` and `prediction_step` |
| `marked a variable ready twice` in DDP | `ddp_find_unused_parameters=True` + activation_offloading checkpoint wrappers | Auto-handled — `find_unused_parameters` is skipped when `activation_offloading: true` |
| Loss ~12 instead of ~0.5 | Using `lora_target_linear: true` (applies LoRA to vision/audio modules) | Use the regex `lora_target_modules` pattern instead |
| FSDP2 `Could not find Gemma4AudioLayer` | Auto-wrap detects `_no_split_modules` including audio layers that don't exist | Explicitly set `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Gemma4TextDecoderLayer` |
| `Gemma4ClippableLinear not supported` by PEFT | Vision tower uses a non-standard linear wrapper | Axolotl patches this automatically via `_patch_peft_clippable_linear()` |
### E2B/E4B dense models
These have `hidden_size_per_layer_input: 256` (per-layer input embeddings) and `attention_k_eq_v: False`. Known issue: loss starts higher than expected (~12 vs ~0.5 for 26B). Root cause under investigation — may be related to the per-layer input mechanism or the `Gemma4ForConditionalGeneration` loss computation.
## Gemma 3
**Models**: `google/gemma-3-*`
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters: true` needed (multimodal unused params)
- `use_reentrant: false` recommended
- Attention mask must be dropped for sample packing (handled automatically)
- Multi-GPU test currently skipped (`tests/e2e/multigpu/test_gemma3.py`)
## Qwen 3.5 MoE
**Models**: `Qwen/Qwen3.5-35B-A3B`
- Hybrid architecture: DeltaNet linear attention (30 layers) + full attention (10 layers)
- 256 experts, 8 active per token
- Known weight scale drift in late DeltaNet layers (36-38) due to AdamW + rare expert interaction
- Fix: `normalize_weight_scales` config to detect and rescale outliers:
```yaml
normalize_weight_scales:
- name_pattern: 'linear_attn\.conv1d\.weight'
threshold: 1.3
```
## General MoE Notes
- `lora_target_linear: true` with multimodal MoE models will apply LoRA to ALL linear modules including vision/audio encoders — use regex `lora_target_modules` to restrict to language model only
- Rare experts get larger effective learning rate from AdamW (small second-moment estimates) — can cause weight drift in recurrent/SSM components. Use `normalize_weight_scales` with `dry_run: true` to detect.
- For ScatterMoE kernel support, set `experts_implementation: scattermoe` and add the KernelsPlugin

View File

@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
# New Model Support — Agent Reference
Guide for debugging and adding support for new model architectures in axolotl. Based on lessons learned from Gemma4, Gemma3, Qwen2-VL, and other multimodal/MoE models.
## Quick Validation Checklist
When testing a new model, run through these checks in order:
1. **Does the model load?** `axolotl preprocess config.yaml` — catches config schema errors
2. **Does LoRA apply?** Check for "Unsupported layer type" warnings from PEFT
3. **Is the initial loss sane?** First-step loss for a pretrained model should be 0.52.0 for SFT
4. **Does sample packing work?** Compare loss with `sample_packing: true` vs `false` — should be similar
5. **Is CCE active?** Check for "Applying Cut Cross Entropy" log and verify peak VRAM is lower
## Loss Debugging
### Expected initial loss
A pretrained model doing SFT should start with loss roughly in the 0.52.0 range. If loss starts above 3.0, something is wrong. If it's near `log(vocab_size)` (≈ 12 for 262K vocab), the model is predicting at random — attention masking or model weights are broken.
### Direct comparison technique
The fastest way to isolate a loss issue — bypass the trainer entirely:
```python
# Load model via axolotl's pipeline (applies all patches)
from axolotl.cli.config import load_cfg
from axolotl.utils.config import normalize_config, prepare_plugins
from axolotl.loaders.tokenizer import load_tokenizer
from axolotl.loaders.model import ModelLoader
cfg = load_cfg("your_config.yaml")
normalize_config(cfg)
prepare_plugins(cfg)
tokenizer = load_tokenizer(cfg)
model, _ = ModelLoader(cfg, tokenizer).load()
# Forward pass on preprocessed data
model.train()
out = model(input_ids, labels=labels)
print(f"Direct loss: {out.loss.item()}") # Compare to trainer's reported loss
```
If direct loss is correct (~1.0) but trainer reports 34x higher, check `model_accepts_loss_kwargs` (see below).
### `model_accepts_loss_kwargs` inflation
HF Trainer checks if the model's `forward()` has `**kwargs` and sets `model_accepts_loss_kwargs=True`. This changes loss normalization: the trainer does NOT divide loss by `gradient_accumulation_steps` before logging. The gradient is correct — only the logged loss is inflated.
**Symptom**: Logged loss ≈ actual_loss × gradient_accumulation_steps.
**Which models are affected**: Any model with `**kwargs` in forward (common in multimodal models for extra inputs like `mm_token_type_ids`, `pixel_values`, etc.).
**Fix location**: `src/axolotl/core/trainers/base.py` `__init__()` — after `super().__init__()`, check if the unwrapped model actually has `num_items_in_batch` in its forward signature. If not, set `self.model_accepts_loss_kwargs = False`.
## Multimodal Models (ForConditionalGeneration)
Many recent models use `ForConditionalGeneration` as the top-level class, not `ForCausalLM`:
- Gemma3 → `Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration`
- Gemma4 → `Gemma4ForConditionalGeneration`
- Qwen2-VL → `Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration`
- LLaVA → `LlavaForConditionalGeneration`
### Why this matters
| Component | Targets `ForCausalLM` | Needs `ForConditionalGeneration` |
|-----------|----------------------|--------------------------------|
| CCE patches | ✅ (default) | ❌ silently inactive if not patched |
| PEFT LoRA | ✅ | May fail on custom layer types |
| HF Trainer label handling | ✅ | May need extra inputs |
### Required extra inputs
Multimodal models require special inputs during training even for text-only data:
| Model | Required Input | Value for Text-Only |
|-------|---------------|-------------------|
| Gemma4 | `mm_token_type_ids` | `torch.zeros_like(input_ids)` |
| Gemma3 | `token_type_ids` | `torch.zeros_like(input_ids)` |
Auto-inject in `compute_loss()` when not provided by the data collator. See `core/trainers/base.py`.
### Custom layer types and PEFT
Vision towers often use custom module wrappers that PEFT doesn't support:
| Model | Custom Layer | Wraps | Fix |
|-------|-------------|-------|-----|
| Gemma4 | `Gemma4ClippableLinear` | `nn.Linear` | Redirect to `.linear` child |
Fix location: `src/axolotl/loaders/adapter.py` `_patch_peft_clippable_linear()`.
## Sample Packing
### How packed sequence detection works (transformers ≥ 5.x)
`transformers.masking_utils._preprocess_mask_arguments()` detects packed sequences from `position_ids` resets. But **only when `attention_mask is None`**:
```python
# From masking_utils.py:
if position_ids is not None and attention_mask is None and past_key_values is None:
packed_sequence_mask = find_packed_sequence_indices(position_ids)
```
If the collator provides an all-ones `attention_mask`, packing detection is **skipped** and the model builds a single causal mask spanning all packed sequences → cross-sequence attention leakage → very high loss.
### Fix for models using `create_causal_mask_mapping`
For Gemma3, Gemma4, and similar models that use the new transformers masking system, remove `attention_mask` from inputs when sample packing is active:
```python
# In compute_loss():
if (
self.args.sample_packing
and model_type in ("gemma4", "gemma3")
and "attention_mask" in inputs
and "position_ids" in inputs
):
del inputs["attention_mask"]
```
Fix location: `src/axolotl/core/trainers/base.py` `compute_loss()`.
### Models that DON'T need this fix
Older models that use `_prepare_4d_causal_attention_mask` (Llama, Mistral, Qwen2, etc.) handle sample packing via axolotl's multipack attention monkeypatch instead. Only models using the new `create_causal_mask_mapping` / `create_causal_mask` masking system need the `attention_mask` removal.
## Attention Backend Selection
| Backend | Config | head_dim limit | torch_compile | Notes |
|---------|--------|---------------|---------------|-------|
| FA2 | `flash_attention: true` | 256 | ✅ | Fastest when supported |
| FA4 | auto with `flash_attention: true` | 256 (SM90+) | ✅ | Auto-detected on H100+ |
| SDPA | `sdp_attention: true` | None | ✅ | Universal fallback |
| flex | `flex_attention: true` | None | ⚠️ Triton OOM for large head_dim | Good for variable head dims |
| eager | neither set | None | ✅ | Slowest, always works |
**Check model support**: Look at `_supports_flash_attn_2`, `_supports_flex_attn`, `_supports_sdpa` attributes on the model class.
**head_dim gotcha**: The 256 limit is specific to flash-attn CUDA kernels, NOT PyTorch-level. SDPA and flex_attention both handle arbitrary head_dim. Models with `global_head_dim > 256` (Gemma4: 512) must use SDPA or flex.
**flex + compile gotcha**: `torch_compile` with flex_attention can hit Triton shared memory OOM for large head_dim. Falls back to eager per-function (not a crash, but slower). Unsloth disables flex for Gemma4 for this reason.
## Cut Cross Entropy (CCE)
### How CCE patches work
CCE replaces the model's `forward()` with a fused version that computes loss from hidden states + lm_head weight without materializing the full logits tensor. This saves ~`batch × seq_len × vocab_size × dtype_bytes` of VRAM.
### Adding CCE for a new model
1. Check if the model type is in `cut_cross_entropy.transformers.patch.PATCH_FNS`
2. If not, axolotl's generic fallback (`integrations/cut_cross_entropy/__init__.py` `patch_llama_like()`) patches `{Prefix}ForCausalLM.forward` with `cce_forward`
3. For multimodal models (`ForConditionalGeneration`), a model-specific patch is needed in `ml-cross-entropy` repo
4. The multimodal `cce_forward` must accept all extra kwargs (pixel_values, mm_token_type_ids, etc.) and pop any that would conflict before calling `self.model()`
### Common CCE pitfall
If CCE appears active (log says "Applying Cut Cross Entropy") but peak VRAM doesn't decrease, check which class was patched. If the model loads as `ForConditionalGeneration` but CCE patched `ForCausalLM`, the patch is silently inactive.
## MoE Models
### Dense MLP vs MoE experts
Some MoE models (e.g., Gemma4) have BOTH dense MLP layers and MoE expert layers at every decoder layer:
- `gate_proj/up_proj/down_proj` → targets the **dense MLP** (`Gemma4TextMLP`)
- `experts.gate_up_proj/experts.down_proj` → targets the **MoE experts** (`Gemma4TextExperts`)
LoRA on the dense MLP works normally. Expert LoRA via `lora_target_parameters` requires PEFT support for the specific expert module type (may warn "Unsupported layer type").
### ScatterMoE kernels
`use_scattermoe: true` with `experts_implementation: scattermoe` registers fused expert kernels via transformers' `ExpertsInterface`. Significant speedup for MoE models. Requires the kernels plugin:
```yaml
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.kernels.KernelsPlugin
use_kernels: true
use_scattermoe: true
experts_implementation: scattermoe
```
## Where to Add Model-Specific Fixes
| What | Where | Example |
|------|-------|---------|
| Missing forward inputs | `core/trainers/base.py` `compute_loss()` | mm_token_type_ids injection |
| Attention mask fixes | `core/trainers/base.py` `compute_loss()` | Sample packing mask removal |
| Loss logging fixes | `core/trainers/base.py` `__init__()` | model_accepts_loss_kwargs override |
| PEFT/LoRA patches | `loaders/adapter.py` | ClippableLinear redirect |
| Attention patches | `monkeypatch/attention/` | FA4 tuple fix |
| Model-specific patches | `loaders/patch_manager.py` `_apply_model_specific_patches()` | Llama4, Kimi, NemotronH |
| CCE patches | `ml-cross-entropy` repo `transformers/` | Per-model cce_forward |
| Example configs | `examples/<model>/` | Validated YAML |
| Config validation | `utils/schemas/validation.py` | Compatibility checks |

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# Preference Learning (RLHF) — Agent Reference
Reference for DPO, IPO, KTO, ORPO, and SimPO. For config templates and dataset format examples, see [rlhf.qmd](../rlhf.qmd). For GRPO, see [grpo.qmd](../grpo.qmd). For EBFT, see [ebft.qmd](../ebft.qmd).
## Method Overview
| Method | Data Requirement | Key Idea | Best For |
|--------|-----------------|----------|----------|
| **DPO** | Paired (chosen + rejected) | Implicit reward via preference pairs | General alignment, most common |
| **IPO** | Paired (chosen + rejected) | DPO with different loss (avoids overfitting) | When DPO overfits |
| **KTO** | Unpaired (completion + binary label) | Kahneman-Tversky loss, no pairs needed | When you only have thumbs-up/down |
| **ORPO** | Paired (chosen + rejected) | Combined SFT + preference, no ref model | Single-stage alignment, saves VRAM |
| **SimPO** | Paired (chosen + rejected) | Length-normalized, no ref model | Simple setup, length-robust |
Default: start with DPO. All methods require `sample_packing: false`.
## Architecture
```
┌──────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐
│ Policy Model │ │ Reference │ │ Preference │
│ (trainable) │ │ Model (frozen)│ │ Dataset │
└──────┬───────┘ └──────┬────────┘ └──────┬────────┘
└──────────┬───────┘ │
v │
Forward pass on chosen + rejected <─────┘
Preference Loss (DPO/IPO/KTO/...)
Backprop + Update
Exception: ORPO and SimPO do NOT use a reference model (~50% less VRAM).
```
No vLLM server needed (unlike GRPO). Offline RL with pre-collected preference data.
## Method Selection
1. Paired preference data (chosen + rejected)?
- Default → `rl: dpo`
- Overfitting → `rl: dpo, dpo_loss_type: ["ipo"]`
- VRAM-limited → `rl: orpo` (no ref model)
- Length-sensitive → `rl: simpo` (no ref model)
2. Only binary labels (good/bad)? → `rl: kto`
3. Single-stage training (no separate SFT)? → `rl: orpo`
| | DPO | IPO | KTO | ORPO | SimPO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Reference model** | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| **VRAM overhead** | ~2x model | ~2x model | ~2x model | ~1x model | ~1x model |
| **TRL trainer class** | DPOTrainer | DPOTrainer | KTOTrainer | ORPOTrainer | CPOTrainer |
## Prompt Strategy Resolution
The `type` field resolves to a Python function:
```
type: "chatml.intel"
→ axolotl.prompt_strategies.dpo.chatml.intel(cfg, **kwargs)
→ returns transform_fn(sample) → {"prompt", "chosen", "rejected"}
type: "chat_template.default"
→ axolotl.prompt_strategies.dpo.chat_template.default(cfg, dataset_idx, **kwargs)
type: {"field_prompt": "prompt", ...} (dict)
→ axolotl.prompt_strategies.dpo.user_defined.default(...)
```
Module base: `axolotl.prompt_strategies.{rl_method}` — replace `dpo` with `kto` or `orpo`.
## Healthy Training Indicators
| Metric | Healthy Range | Problem |
|--------|--------------|---------|
| `train/loss` | Decreasing, 0.3-0.7 | Flat or increasing = broken data or too high LR |
| `rewards/chosen` | Increasing | Flat = model not learning preferences |
| `rewards/rejected` | Decreasing | Increasing = model prefers wrong responses |
| `rewards/margins` | Positive and increasing | Negative = prefers rejected over chosen |
| `rewards/accuracies` | > 0.5, toward 0.7+ | < 0.5 = worse than random |
| `logps/rejected` | Decreasing | Increasing = reward hacking |
| `grad_norm` | 0.01 - 10.0 | > 100 = exploding gradients |
Method-specific: DPO/IPO watch `rewards/margins`; KTO loss is noisier; ORPO monitor SFT + odds ratio components; SimPO check length-normalized reward separation.
## Known Issues
| Issue | Fix |
|-------|-----|
| Sample packing crash | Set `sample_packing: false` (required for all preference methods) |
| KTO `KeyError: 'label'` | Ensure dataset has boolean `label` column |
| ORPO/KTO `KeyError` during tokenization | Add `remove_unused_columns: false` |
| ORPO template not applied | ORPO requires explicit `chat_template` setting |
| OOM with ref model (DPO/IPO/KTO) | Use LoRA/QLoRA, or switch to ORPO/SimPO (no ref model) |
| IPO + label_smoothing | Do not set `dpo_label_smoothing` when `rl: ipo` |
Full troubleshooting: [training_stability.qmd](../training_stability.qmd)
## File Map
```
src/axolotl/
core/trainers/dpo/ # DPO trainer, args, strategy
core/builders/rl.py # HFRLTrainerBuilder — routes rl type → trainer class
core/training_args.py # AxolotlKTOConfig, AxolotlORPOConfig, AxolotlCPOConfig
prompt_strategies/
dpo/ # DPO/IPO/SimPO dataset strategies
chat_template.py # chat_template.default, chat_template.argilla_chat
chatml.py # chatml.default/intel/icr/argilla_chat/prompt_pairs/ultra
llama3.py # llama3 variants (same subtypes as chatml)
user_defined.py # Custom field mapping
passthrough.py # No transform
kto/ # KTO dataset strategies (chatml, llama3, user_defined)
orpo/ # ORPO dataset strategies (chat_template.argilla)
utils/schemas/enums.py # RLType enum (dpo, ipo, kto, orpo, simpo, grpo, gdpo, ebft)
utils/schemas/config.py # All rl/dpo/kto/orpo/simpo config fields
docs/rlhf.qmd # Full user docs: all dataset formats, config templates
docs/choosing_method.qmd # SFT vs DPO vs GRPO decision guide
examples/qwen2/dpo.yaml # DPO example
examples/llama-3/qlora-1b-kto.yaml # KTO example
```

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@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
# Pretraining / Continual Pretraining — Agent Reference
Train on raw text with no input masking. Two approaches depending on dataset size.
## When to Use
- Continual pretraining on domain-specific corpora
- Adapting a base model to a new language or domain before fine-tuning
- Pretraining-style data where the entire text is the training signal
## Choosing an Approach
| | Non-streaming (`type: completion`) | Streaming (`pretraining_dataset`) |
|---|---|---|
| **Dataset size** | Fits in memory | Too large to fit in memory |
| **Tokenization** | Pre-tokenized before training | On-demand during training |
| **Config key** | `datasets:` | `pretraining_dataset:` |
| **Long text handling** | Splits texts exceeding `sequence_len` | Concatenates into fixed-length sequences |
| **Benefit** | Can preprocess on CPU, transfer to GPU | Start training immediately, no preprocessing |
## Non-Streaming: `type: completion`
For smaller datasets that fit in memory. Pre-tokenizes the entire dataset.
```yaml
datasets:
- path: my_corpus
type: completion
# field: text # Column name (default: "text")
```
## Streaming: `pretraining_dataset`
For large corpora. Streams data on-demand without loading everything into memory.
```yaml
pretraining_dataset:
- path: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
type: pretrain
text_column: text
split: train
max_steps: 1000 # Required — axolotl can't infer dataset size
streaming_multipack_buffer_size: 10000 # Buffer for sample packing
pretrain_multipack_attn: true # Prevent cross-attention between packed samples
```
`max_steps` is required for streaming — one step = `sequence_len * micro_batch_size * gradient_accumulation_steps * num_gpus` tokens.
Full streaming docs: [streaming.qmd](../streaming.qmd)
## Dataset Format
```json
{"text": "The complete document text goes here."}
```
## Key Settings
- `sample_packing: true` + `pad_to_sequence_len: true` — pack documents into fixed-length sequences
- `flash_attention: true` — required for sample packing
- No adapter — typically full fine-tune for pretraining
- `train_on_inputs: true` — default for completion (all tokens trained on)
## File Map
```
src/axolotl/
prompt_strategies/completion.py # Non-streaming: completion prompt strategy (no masking)
utils/data/sft.py # Non-streaming: dataset loading and processing
utils/data/streaming.py # Streaming: encode_streaming(), wrap_streaming_dataset()
utils/schemas/config.py # Config fields: pretraining_dataset, pretrain_multipack_attn, etc.
examples/streaming/pretrain.yaml # Full streaming pretraining example config
```

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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
# Reward Modelling — Agent Reference
Train models to score responses for use as reward signals in RL. For full docs, see [reward_modelling.qmd](../reward_modelling.qmd).
## Types
### Outcome Reward Models (ORM)
Train a classifier to predict preference over entire interactions. Uses `AutoModelForSequenceClassification`.
```yaml
base_model: google/gemma-2-2b
model_type: AutoModelForSequenceClassification
num_labels: 1
reward_model: true
chat_template: gemma
datasets:
- path: argilla/distilabel-intel-orca-dpo-pairs
type: bradley_terry.chat_template
```
Dataset format: `{"system": "...", "input": "...", "chosen": "...", "rejected": "..."}`
### Process Reward Models (PRM)
Train a token classifier to score each reasoning step. Uses `AutoModelForTokenClassification`.
```yaml
base_model: Qwen/Qwen2.5-3B
model_type: AutoModelForTokenClassification
num_labels: 2
process_reward_model: true
datasets:
- path: trl-lib/math_shepherd
type: stepwise_supervised
```
Dataset format: see [stepwise_supervised.qmd](../dataset-formats/stepwise_supervised.qmd).
## File Map
```
src/axolotl/
core/builders/causal.py # Handles reward_model flag in trainer builder
prompt_strategies/bradley_terry/ # Bradley-Terry prompt strategies
prompt_strategies/stepwise_supervised.py # PRM dataset strategy
utils/schemas/config.py # reward_model, process_reward_model config fields
```

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@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
# SFT — Agent Reference
Supervised fine-tuning pipeline reference. For config templates and dataset format examples, see [getting-started.qmd](../getting-started.qmd) and [dataset-formats/](../dataset-formats/).
## Architecture
```
YAML Config → axolotl train config.yaml
1. Load base model (+ quantization if QLoRA/8-bit)
2. Apply adapter layers (LoRA/QLoRA) if configured
3. Load + tokenize dataset(s)
- Apply prompt template (chat_template / alpaca / custom)
- Mask inputs (train_on_inputs: false)
- Pack samples into sequences (sample_packing: true)
4. Training loop (HuggingFace Trainer)
- forward → loss → backward → optimizer step → lr scheduler step
5. Save model / adapter weights + tokenizer
Multi-GPU: FSDP or DeepSpeed shards model across GPUs automatically.
```
## Components Required
1. A YAML config — model, dataset(s), adapter settings, hyperparameters
2. A dataset — HuggingFace Hub, local JSONL/JSON/Parquet, or S3/GCS path
3. (Optional) A custom prompt strategy — for non-standard dataset formats
No external server processes needed (unlike GRPO which requires vLLM).
## Dataset Format Decision Tree
```
Is your data in chat/message format?
├─ YES: OpenAI message format (role/content)?
│ ├─ YES ──────────────────────> type: chat_template (recommended)
│ └─ NO (custom field names) ──> type: chat_template + message_property_mappings
└─ NO: Instruction/response pairs?
├─ YES ──> type: alpaca (instruction, input, output)
└─ NO: Raw text?
├─ YES with segments ─────> type: input_output (template-free masking)
└─ YES continuous ────────> type: completion (pretraining-style)
```
Full format specs: [dataset-formats/](../dataset-formats/)
## Model Size to Adapter Choice
| Model Size | LoRA | QLoRA (4-bit) | Full Fine-Tune | VRAM (approx) |
|-----------|------|---------------|----------------|---------------|
| 1-3B | Preferred | Low-budget option | Single GPU OK | 8-16 GB (LoRA) |
| 7-8B | Preferred | Good balance | Needs multi-GPU | 16-24 GB (LoRA) |
| 13-14B | Preferred | Good balance | Multi-GPU required | 24-40 GB (LoRA) |
| 30-70B | LoRA or QLoRA | Preferred for single GPU | Multi-node | 40-80 GB (QLoRA) |
## Hyperparameter Ranges
| Parameter | LoRA | QLoRA | Full FT |
|-----------|------|-------|---------|
| `learning_rate` | 1e-4 to 3e-4 | 1e-4 to 3e-4 | 1e-5 to 5e-5 |
| `lora_r` | 16-64 | 16-64 | N/A |
| `lora_alpha` | 1-2x `lora_r` | 1-2x `lora_r` | N/A |
| `micro_batch_size` | 2-8 | 2-4 | 1-2 |
| `gradient_accumulation_steps` | 2-8 | 4-16 | 4-16 |
| `num_epochs` | 1-3 | 1-3 | 1-3 |
| `optimizer` | `adamw_8bit` | `adamw_bnb_8bit` | `adamw_torch_fused` |
Effective batch = micro_batch * grad_accum * num_gpus. Lower LR for larger models.
## Healthy Training Indicators
| Metric | Healthy | Problem |
|--------|---------|---------|
| `train_loss` | Decreasing, starting ~2-4 for chat models | Flat or increasing from step 1 — data or LR issue |
| `eval_loss` | Decreasing, tracks train_loss | Increasing while train_loss decreases — overfitting |
| `grad_norm` | 0.1-10, relatively stable | Spikes >100 — instability. 0.0 — frozen weights |
| `learning_rate` | Follows scheduler curve | Flat or NaN — config issue |
Watch for: loss never decreasing (check `train_on_inputs`, dataset, LR), loss goes to 0 quickly (overfitting), eval_loss diverging (reduce epochs, add regularization). See [training_stability.qmd](../training_stability.qmd).
## Known Issues
| Issue | Fix |
|-------|-----|
| OOM during training | Reduce `micro_batch_size`, enable `gradient_checkpointing`, reduce `sequence_len` |
| `sample_packing` + SDPA + bf16 = 0.0 loss | Use `flash_attention: true` or disable `sample_packing` |
| Missing chat template error | Set `chat_template: chatml` explicitly |
| Label masking wrong | Run `axolotl preprocess config.yaml --debug` and inspect labels |
| Loss NaN | Use `bf16: auto`, lower LR, check data for empty samples |
| Tokenizer pad token / infinite loss | Set `special_tokens: pad_token: "<\|end_of_text\|>"` |
| FSDP save hangs | Use `fsdp_state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT` |
| DeepSpeed CheckpointError | Set `use_reentrant: true` in `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs` |
## Profiling
To profile training and identify optimization opportunities:
```yaml
# Profile steps 3-7 (after warmup/autotuning settles)
profiler_steps_start: 3
profiler_steps: 5
```
This produces `profiler_trace.json` (Chrome trace) and `snapshot.pickle` (memory snapshot) in `output_dir`.
View the Chrome trace at `chrome://tracing`.
To programmatically inspect the trace:
```bash
python scripts/analyze_profile.py output_dir/
```
The trace shows per-kernel CUDA times, memory allocations, and operator-level breakdown. Look for:
- **Large matmul kernels**: candidates for fusion or quantization
- **Memory copies (H2D/D2H)**: unnecessary data movement
- **Small frequent kernels**: candidates for kernel fusion
- **Gaps between kernels**: pipeline bubbles from CPU overhead
Full troubleshooting: [training_stability.qmd](../training_stability.qmd), [debugging.qmd](../debugging.qmd)
## File Map
```
src/axolotl/
cli/train.py # Entry point for `axolotl train`
cli/preprocess.py # Entry point for `axolotl preprocess`
core/builders/causal.py # HFCausalTrainerBuilder — wires config → SFT trainer
core/trainers/base.py # AxolotlTrainer — base trainer class
core/trainers/mixins/ # Packing, optimizer, scheduler, checkpoints
prompt_strategies/ # Format handlers: chat_template, alpaca, completion, input_output
utils/schemas/config.py # AxolotlInputConfig — main config schema
utils/schemas/datasets.py # SFTDataset, DatasetConfig
utils/schemas/peft.py # LoraConfig — LoRA parameters
integrations/liger/ # Liger kernel plugin
examples/llama-3/ # LoRA, QLoRA, full FT example configs
docs/getting-started.qmd # Quickstart with config templates
docs/optimizations.qmd # Flash attention, gradient checkpointing, sample packing
docs/multi-gpu.qmd # FSDP and DeepSpeed setup
```

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@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE=1
Download a base model using the Hugging Face CLI:
```bash
hf download meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B --local-dir ~/hfdata/llama3.1-8B
huggingface-cli download meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B --local-dir ~/hfdata/llama3.1-8B
```
### 10. Create Axolotl Configuration

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@@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
---
title: Attention
description: Supported attention modules in Axolotl
---
## SDP Attention
This is the default built-in attention in PyTorch.
```yaml
sdp_attention: true
```
For more details: [PyTorch docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention.html)
## Flash Attention
Axolotl supports Flash Attention 2, 3, and 4. The best available version is used automatically
based on your installed packages and GPU.
```yaml
flash_attention: true
```
For more details: [Flash Attention](https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/)
### Flash Attention 2
Requirements: Ampere, Ada, or Hopper GPUs (Turing or lower not supported)
```bash
pip install flash-attn --no-build-isolation
```
::: {.callout-tip}
If you get `undefined symbol` while training, ensure you installed PyTorch prior to Axolotl.
Alternatively, try reinstall or downgrade a version.
:::
### Flash Attention 3
Requirements: Hopper only and CUDA 12.8 (recommended)
```bash
git clone https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention.git
cd flash-attention/hopper
python setup.py install
```
### Flash Attention 4
Requirements: Hopper or Blackwell GPUs
```bash
pip install flash-attn-4
```
Or from source:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention.git
cd flash-attention/flash_attn/cute
pip install -e .
# FA2's flash_attn package includes a cute/ stub that shadows FA4.
# Remove it so Python can find the real FA4 module:
rm -r $(python -c "import flash_attn; print(flash_attn.__path__[0])")/cute
```
::: {.callout-note}
**Hopper (SM90) users**: The backward kernel is not yet included in the pip package. To use FA4
for training on Hopper, install from source using the instructions above.
:::
::: {.callout-warning}
FA4 only supports head dimensions up to 128 (`d ≤ 128`). The DeepSeek shape `(192, 128)` is
also supported but only on Blackwell. Axolotl automatically detects incompatible head dimensions
and falls back to FA2/3.
:::
For more details: [flash-attention/flash_attn/cute](https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/tree/main/flash_attn/cute)
### AMD
Requirements: ROCm 6.0 and above.
See [Flash Attention AMD docs](https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/tree/main?tab=readme-ov-file#amd-rocm-support).
## Flex Attention
A flexible PyTorch API for attention used in combination with `torch.compile`.
```yaml
flex_attention: true
# recommended
torch_compile: true
```
::: {.callout-note}
We recommend using latest stable version of PyTorch for best performance.
:::
For more details: [PyTorch docs](https://pytorch.org/blog/flexattention/)
## SageAttention
Attention kernels with QK Int8 and PV FP16 accumulator.
```yaml
sage_attention: true
```
Requirements: Ampere, Ada, or Hopper GPUs
```bash
pip install sageattention==2.2.0 --no-build-isolation
```
::: {.callout-warning}
Only LoRA/QLoRA recommended at the moment. We found loss drop to 0 for full finetuning. See [GitHub Issue](https://github.com/thu-ml/SageAttention/issues/198).
:::
For more details: [Sage Attention](https://github.com/thu-ml/SageAttention)
::: {.callout-note}
We do not support SageAttention 3 at the moment. If you are interested on adding this or improving SageAttention implementation, please make an Issue.
:::
## xFormers
```yaml
xformers_attention: true
```
::: {.callout-tip}
We recommend using with Turing GPUs or below (such as on Colab).
:::
For more details: [xFormers](https://github.com/facebookresearch/xformers)
## Shifted Sparse Attention
::: {.callout-warning}
We plan to deprecate this! If you use this feature, we recommend switching to methods above.
:::
Requirements: LLaMA model architecture
```yaml
flash_attention: true
s2_attention: true
```
::: {.callout-tip}
No sample packing support!
:::

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@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
---
title: "Checkpoint Saving"
format:
html:
toc: true
toc-depth: 2
number-sections: true
execute:
enabled: false
---
## Overview
Axolotl supports on-demand checkpoint saving during training. You can trigger checkpoints via file-based triggers (for programmatic control) or Control+C (for interactive use).
## File-Based Checkpoint Trigger
### Configuration
Enable in your config:
```yaml
dynamic_checkpoint:
enabled: true
check_interval: 100 # Optional: check every N steps (default: 100)
trigger_file_path: "axolotl_checkpoint.save" # Optional: custom filename
```
**Options:**
- `enabled`: `true` to enable (required)
- `check_interval`: Steps between file checks. Default: 100. Lower = faster response, higher I/O overhead.
- `trigger_file_path`: Custom trigger filename. Default: `axolotl_checkpoint.save`
### How It Works
1. Rank 0 checks for trigger file every `check_interval` steps in `output_dir`
2. When detected, file is deleted and checkpoint is saved
3. In distributed training, rank 0 broadcasts to synchronize all ranks
### Usage
**Command line:**
```bash
touch /path/to/output_dir/axolotl_checkpoint.save
```
**Programmatic:**
```python
from pathlib import Path
Path("/path/to/output_dir/axolotl_checkpoint.save").touch()
```
Checkpoint saves within the next `check_interval` steps. The trigger file is auto-deleted after detection, so you can create it multiple times.
**Custom filename:**
```yaml
dynamic_checkpoint:
enabled: true
trigger_file_path: "my_trigger.save"
```
```bash
touch /path/to/output_dir/my_trigger.save
```
## Control+C (SIGINT) Checkpoint
Pressing `Ctrl+C` during training saves the model state and exits gracefully. **Note:** This saves only the model weights, not optimizer state. For resumable checkpoints, use the file-based trigger.
## Best Practices
- **Check interval**: Lower values (10-50) for fast training, default 100 for slower training
- **Distributed training**: Create trigger file once; rank 0 handles synchronization
- **Resume**: Dynamic checkpoints can be resumed like regular checkpoints via `resume_from_checkpoint`
## Example
```yaml
output_dir: ./outputs/lora-out
save_steps: 500 # Scheduled checkpoints
dynamic_checkpoint:
enabled: true
check_interval: 50
```
This enables scheduled checkpoints every 500 steps plus on-demand saves via file trigger (checked every 50 steps).

View File

@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
---
title: "Which Fine-Tuning Method Should I Use?"
description: "A decision guide for choosing the right fine-tuning method, adapter, and hardware configuration in Axolotl."
format:
html:
toc: true
toc-depth: 3
number-sections: true
execute:
enabled: false
---
## Overview {#sec-overview}
Axolotl supports four broad categories of fine-tuning, each suited to different data types, objectives, and resource constraints.
| Method | What It Does | Data You Need |
|--------|-------------|---------------|
| **Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)** | Teaches the model to produce specific outputs given inputs | Input-output pairs (instructions, conversations, completions) |
| **Preference Learning (DPO/KTO/ORPO)** | Steers the model toward preferred outputs and away from dispreferred ones | Chosen/rejected response pairs (DPO, ORPO) or binary labels (KTO) |
| **Reinforcement Learning (GRPO)** | Optimizes the model against a reward signal through online generation | A reward function (code or model-based) and a prompt dataset |
| **Reward Modeling** | Trains a model to score responses, for use as a reward signal in RL | Preference pairs ranked by quality |
Each method is configured through a YAML file with `rl: <method>` (or omitted for SFT). All methods support LoRA, QLoRA, and full fine-tuning unless otherwise noted.
## Decision Tree {#sec-decision-tree}
Use the following flowchart to choose your method. Start at the top and follow the path that matches your situation.
```
Do you have a reward function (code-based or model-based)?
├── YES
│ └── Use GRPO (rl: grpo)
│ The model generates its own completions and learns from reward scores.
│ Best for: math, code, reasoning, tasks with verifiable answers.
│ See: rlhf.qmd#grpo
└── NO
Do you have preference pairs (chosen vs. rejected responses)?
├── YES
│ │
│ Are they paired (same prompt, one chosen, one rejected)?
│ ├── YES → Use DPO (rl: dpo)
│ │ Direct optimization without a separate reward model.
│ │ See: rlhf.qmd#dpo
│ │
│ └── NO (only binary good/bad labels)
│ └── Use KTO (rl: kto)
│ Works with unpaired preference data.
│ See: rlhf.qmd#kto
└── NO
Do you have input-output examples?
├── YES → Use SFT
│ The simplest and most common method.
│ See: getting-started.qmd
└── NO
└── You need to create training data first.
Consider generating preference pairs with an LLM judge,
or writing a reward function for GRPO.
```
::: {.callout-tip}
**When in doubt, start with SFT.** It is the most straightforward method and works well for most tasks. You can always move to preference learning or RL later to further refine behavior.
:::
### Method Comparison at a Glance
| Criterion | SFT | DPO | KTO | GRPO |
|-----------|-----|-----|-----|------|
| Data complexity | Low (input-output pairs) | Medium (preference pairs) | Medium (binary labels) | Low (prompts + reward code) |
| Compute cost | Low | Medium | Medium | High (requires vLLM server) |
| Learning signal | Supervised | Contrastive | Contrastive | Online reward |
| Online generation | No | No | No | Yes |
| Reward model needed | No | No | No | No (uses reward functions) |
| Best for | Task adaptation, instruction following | Safety, style alignment | Unpaired preference data | Reasoning, math, code |
::: {.callout-note}
**ORPO** is an alternative to DPO that combines SFT and preference optimization in a single training stage, removing the need for a separate SFT step. Configure with `rl: orpo`. See [rlhf.qmd](rlhf.qmd) for details.
:::
## Adapter Selection {#sec-adapter-selection}
Once you have chosen a method, decide how to apply the parameter updates. The three main options trade off VRAM usage against model quality.
### QLoRA
- **How it works**: The base model is loaded in 4-bit (NF4) quantization. Small low-rank adapter matrices are trained in higher precision on top.
- **VRAM savings**: Roughly 4x reduction in model memory compared to full fine-tuning.
- **Quality**: Slight degradation due to quantization noise, but often negligible for task-specific fine-tuning.
- **When to use**: When your GPU cannot fit the model in full precision, or when you want fast experimentation.
```yaml
adapter: qlora
load_in_4bit: true
lora_r: 32
lora_alpha: 64
lora_target_linear: true
```
### LoRA
- **How it works**: The base model is loaded at full precision (or 8-bit). Low-rank adapter matrices are trained alongside.
- **VRAM savings**: Roughly 2-3x reduction compared to full fine-tuning (model weights are frozen, only adapters + optimizer states for adapters are stored).
- **Quality**: Very close to full fine-tuning for most tasks, especially with higher rank values.
- **When to use**: When you have enough VRAM for the base model but not for full optimizer states.
```yaml
adapter: lora
lora_r: 32
lora_alpha: 64
lora_target_linear: true
```
::: {.callout-tip}
For GRPO training, LoRA is strongly recommended. The vLLM server needs to sync weights from the trainer, and LoRA sync (`trl.vllm_lora_sync: true`) is far more efficient than syncing full merged weights. See [vLLM Serving](vllm_serving.qmd) for details.
:::
### Full Fine-Tuning
- **How it works**: All model parameters are updated during training. No adapters.
- **VRAM savings**: None. Requires memory for model weights, gradients, and optimizer states (roughly 4x model size in bf16 with AdamW).
- **Quality**: Highest potential quality, especially for large distribution shifts.
- **When to use**: When you have ample GPU memory or multi-GPU setups, and need maximum performance. Also required for pre-training.
```yaml
# No adapter or load_in_* lines needed
micro_batch_size: 1
gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
```
### Quick Comparison
| | QLoRA | LoRA | Full |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trainable params | ~0.1-1% | ~0.1-1% | 100% |
| Model memory | ~25% of full | ~50-100% of full | 100% |
| Optimizer memory | Tiny (adapters only) | Tiny (adapters only) | 2x model size (AdamW) |
| Training speed | Slower (dequantization overhead) | Baseline | Faster per-step (no adapter overhead) |
| Inference | Merge or serve with adapter | Merge or serve with adapter | Direct |
| Multi-GPU required? | Rarely | For 13B+ models | For 7B+ models |
## Hardware Mapping {#sec-hardware-mapping}
The tables below provide approximate GPU memory requirements. Actual usage depends on context length, batch size, and optimizer choice.
### SFT / Preference Learning
| Model Size | QLoRA (4-bit) | LoRA (bf16) | Full (bf16 + AdamW) |
|------------|--------------|-------------|---------------------|
| 1-3B | 6-8 GB | 8-12 GB | 24-32 GB |
| 7-8B | 10-14 GB | 16-24 GB | 60-80 GB |
| 13-14B | 16-20 GB | 28-40 GB | 120+ GB |
| 30-34B | 24-32 GB | 64-80 GB | 2-4x 80 GB |
| 70-72B | 40-48 GB | 2x 80 GB | 4-8x 80 GB |
::: {.callout-important}
These estimates assume a short context length (512-2048 tokens) and micro_batch_size of 1-2. Longer sequences and larger batches increase memory significantly due to activations. Use [gradient checkpointing](gradient_checkpointing.qmd) to reduce activation memory at the cost of ~30% slower training.
:::
### GRPO (RL Training)
GRPO requires additional GPU(s) for the vLLM generation server. Plan for at least two GPUs: one for training, one for vLLM.
| Model Size | Training GPU (LoRA, bf16) | vLLM GPU | Total GPUs |
|------------|--------------------------|----------|------------|
| 0.5-3B | 1x 24 GB | 1x 24 GB | 2x 24 GB |
| 7-8B | 1x 80 GB | 1x 80 GB | 2x 80 GB |
| 13-14B | 1-2x 80 GB | 1-2x 80 GB | 2-4x 80 GB |
| 30-72B | 2-4x 80 GB (FSDP/DeepSpeed) | 2-4x 80 GB (tensor parallel) | 4-8x 80 GB |
::: {.callout-tip}
For single-GPU GRPO, use `vllm_mode: colocate` with `vllm_enable_sleep_mode: true`. The vLLM engine shares the GPU and offloads VRAM when not generating. This works for smaller models (up to ~3B on a 24 GB GPU) but is slower than the two-GPU server mode.
:::
### Multi-GPU Threshold
You need multi-GPU training when:
- **Full fine-tuning** of models 7B+ (use FSDP or DeepSpeed ZeRO)
- **LoRA** of models 30B+ (or 13B+ with long contexts)
- **GRPO** almost always (separate vLLM server), unless using colocate mode
See [Multi-GPU Training](multi-gpu.qmd) for FSDP and DeepSpeed configuration.
## Quick Links {#sec-quick-links}
| Method | Config Key | Documentation | Example Config |
|--------|-----------|---------------|----------------|
| SFT | *(default, no `rl:` key)* | [Getting Started](getting-started.qmd) | `examples/llama-3/lora-1b.yml` |
| DPO | `rl: dpo` | [RLHF - DPO](rlhf.qmd#dpo) | See rlhf.qmd |
| KTO | `rl: kto` | [RLHF - KTO](rlhf.qmd#kto) | See rlhf.qmd |
| ORPO | `rl: orpo` | [RLHF - ORPO](rlhf.qmd#orpo) | See rlhf.qmd |
| GRPO | `rl: grpo` | [RLHF - GRPO](rlhf.qmd#grpo), [vLLM Serving](vllm_serving.qmd) | See rlhf.qmd |
| Reward Modeling | `rl: reward_trainer` | [Reward Modelling](reward_modelling.qmd) | See reward_modelling.qmd |
### Related Guides
- [Configuration Reference](config-reference.qmd) -- Full list of all config options
- [Dataset Formats](dataset-formats) -- How to structure your training data
- [Optimizations](optimizations.qmd) -- Flash attention, gradient checkpointing, mixed precision
- [Multi-GPU Training](multi-gpu.qmd) -- FSDP and DeepSpeed setup
- [vLLM Serving](vllm_serving.qmd) -- Setting up vLLM for GRPO training

View File

@@ -23,20 +23,6 @@ axolotl <command> [config.yml] [options]
The config file can be local or a URL to a raw YAML file.
### Launcher Arguments
For commands that support multi-GPU (`train`, `evaluate`, ...), you can pass launcher-specific arguments using the `--` separator:
```bash
# Pass torchrun arguments
axolotl train config.yml --launcher torchrun -- --nproc_per_node=2 --nnodes=1
# Pass accelerate arguments
axolotl train config.yml --launcher accelerate -- --config_file=accelerate_config.yml --num_processes=4
```
Arguments after `--` are passed directly to the launcher (torchrun, accelerate launch, etc.).
## Command Reference
### fetch
@@ -94,11 +80,7 @@ axolotl train config.yml \
--num-epochs 3
# Training without accelerate
axolotl train config.yml --launcher python
# Pass launcher-specific arguments using -- separator
axolotl train config.yml --launcher torchrun -- --nproc_per_node=2 --nnodes=1
axolotl train config.yml --launcher accelerate -- --config_file=accelerate_config.yml
axolotl train config.yml --no-accelerate
# Resume training from checkpoint
axolotl train config.yml --resume-from-checkpoint path/to/checkpoint
@@ -193,9 +175,6 @@ Evaluates a model's performance (loss etc) on the train and eval datasets.
```bash
# Basic evaluation
axolotl evaluate config.yml
# Evaluation with launcher arguments
axolotl evaluate config.yml --launcher torchrun -- --nproc_per_node=2
```
### lm-eval
@@ -210,8 +189,6 @@ axolotl lm-eval config.yml
Configuration options:
```yaml
lm_eval_model: # model to evaluate (local or hf path)
# List of tasks to evaluate
lm_eval_tasks:
- arc_challenge
@@ -220,7 +197,7 @@ lm_eval_batch_size: # Batch size for evaluation
output_dir: # Directory to save evaluation results
```
See [LM Eval Harness integration docs](https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/custom_integrations.html#language-model-evaluation-harness-lm-eval) for full configuration details.
See [LM Eval Harness](https://github.com/EleutherAI/lm-evaluation-harness) for more details.
### delinearize-llama4
@@ -232,16 +209,6 @@ axolotl delinearize-llama4 --model path/to/model_dir --output path/to/output_dir
This would be necessary to use with other frameworks. If you have an adapter, merge it with the non-quantized linearized model before delinearizing.
### quantize
Quantizes a model using the quantization configuration specified in your YAML file.
```bash
axolotl quantize config.yml
```
See [Quantization](./quantize.qmd) for more details.
## Legacy CLI Usage
@@ -310,6 +277,9 @@ axolotl preprocess config.yml --cloud cloud_config.yml
# Train on cloud
axolotl train config.yml --cloud cloud_config.yml
# Train without accelerate on cloud
axolotl train config.yml --cloud cloud_config.yml --no-accelerate
# Run lm-eval on cloud
axolotl lm-eval config.yml --cloud cloud_config.yml
```

743
docs/config.qmd Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,743 @@
---
title: Config Reference
description: A complete list of all configuration options.
---
```yaml
# This is the huggingface model that contains *.pt, *.safetensors, or *.bin files
# This can also be a relative path to a model on disk
base_model: ./llama-7b-hf
# You can specify an ignore pattern if the model repo contains more than 1 model type (*.pt, etc)
base_model_ignore_patterns:
# If the base_model repo on hf hub doesn't include configuration .json files,
# You can set that here, or leave this empty to default to base_model
base_model_config: ./llama-7b-hf
# You can specify to choose a specific model revision from huggingface hub
revision_of_model:
# Optional tokenizer configuration path in case you want to use a different tokenizer
# than the one defined in the base model
tokenizer_config:
# If you want to specify the type of model to load, AutoModelForCausalLM is a good choice too
model_type: AutoModelForCausalLM
# Corresponding tokenizer for the model AutoTokenizer is a good choice
tokenizer_type: AutoTokenizer
# Trust remote code for untrusted source
trust_remote_code:
# use_fast option for tokenizer loading from_pretrained, default to True
tokenizer_use_fast:
# Whether to use the legacy tokenizer setting, defaults to True
tokenizer_legacy:
# Resize the model embeddings when new tokens are added to multiples of 32
# This is reported to improve training speed on some models
resize_token_embeddings_to_32x:
# Optional[bool] Whether to shrink the embeddings to len(tokenizer). By default, we won't shrink.
shrink_embeddings:
# Optional[bool] Don't upcast the embeddings to float32 when using PEFT. Useful for low-VRAM GPUs
embeddings_skip_upcast:
# Whether to load the model with randomly initialized weights. Useful for
# pre-training a model from scratch or debugging purposes.
random_init_weights:
# (Internal use only)
# Used to identify which the model is based on
is_falcon_derived_model:
is_llama_derived_model:
is_qwen_derived_model:
# Please note that if you set this to true, `padding_side` will be set to "left" by default
is_mistral_derived_model:
# optional overrides to the base model configuration
overrides_of_model_config:
# RoPE Scaling https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/24653
rope_scaling:
type: # linear | dynamic
factor: # float
# optional overrides the base model loading from_pretrained
overrides_of_model_kwargs:
# use_cache: False
# optional overrides to the bnb 4bit quantization configuration
# https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/main_classes/quantization#transformers.BitsAndBytesConfig
bnb_config_kwargs:
# These are default values
llm_int8_has_fp16_weight: false
bnb_4bit_quant_type: nf4
bnb_4bit_use_double_quant: true
# Whether you are training a 4-bit GPTQ quantized model
gptq: true
# This will attempt to quantize the model down to 8 bits and use adam 8 bit optimizer
load_in_8bit: true
# Use bitsandbytes 4 bit
load_in_4bit:
# Use CUDA bf16
bf16: true # bool or 'full' for `bf16_full_eval`, or 'auto' for automatic detection. require >=ampere
# Use CUDA fp16
fp16: true
# Use CUDA tf32
tf32: true # require >=ampere
# Note: if bf16 is set to 'auto', and fp16 is set to true, we will prefer the explict fp16 setting
# No AMP (automatic mixed precision)
bfloat16: true # require >=ampere
float16: true
# Limit the memory for all available GPUs to this amount (if an integer, expressed in gigabytes); default: unset
gpu_memory_limit: 20GiB
# Do the LoRA/PEFT loading on CPU -- this is required if the base model is so large it takes up most or all of the available GPU VRAM, e.g. during a model and LoRA merge
lora_on_cpu: true
# List[str]. Add plugins to extend the pipeline.
# See `src/axolotl/integrations` for the available plugins or doc below for more details.
# https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/custom_integrations.html
plugins:
# - axolotl.integrations.cut_cross_entropy.CutCrossEntropyPlugin
# A list of one or more datasets to finetune the model with
datasets:
# HuggingFace dataset repo | s3://,gs:// path | "json" for local dataset, make sure to fill data_files
- path: vicgalle/alpaca-gpt4
# The type of prompt to use for training. [alpaca, gpteacher, oasst, reflection]
type: alpaca # format | format:<prompt_style> (chat/instruct) | <prompt_strategies>.load_<load_fn>
ds_type: # Optional[str] (json|arrow|parquet|text|csv) defines the datatype when path is a file
data_files: # Optional[str] path to source data files
shards: # Optional[int] split dataset into N pieces (use with shards_idx)
shards_idx: # Optional[int] = 0 the index of sharded dataset to use
preprocess_shards: # Optional[int] process dataset in N sequential chunks for memory efficiency (exclusive with `shards`)
name: # Optional[str] name of dataset configuration to load
split: train # Optional[str] name of dataset split to load from
revision: # Optional[str] The specific revision of the dataset to use when loading from the Hugging Face Hub. This can be a commit hash, tag, or branch name. If not specified, the latest version will be used. This parameter is ignored for local datasets.
trust_remote_code: # Optional[bool] Trust remote code for untrusted source
# Custom user instruction prompt
- path: repo
type:
# The below are defaults. only set what's needed if you use a different column name.
system_prompt: ""
system_format: "{system}"
field_system: system
field_instruction: instruction
field_input: input
field_output: output
# Customizable to be single line or multi-line
# Use {instruction}/{input} as key to be replaced
# 'format' can include {input}
format: |-
User: {instruction} {input}
Assistant:
# 'no_input_format' cannot include {input}
no_input_format: "{instruction} "
# For `completion` datsets only, uses the provided field instead of `text` column
field:
# Using chat template
- path: ...
# Set type to `chat_template` to use this strategy
type: chat_template
# Specify the name of the chat template to use
# The name of the chat template to use for training, following values are supported:
# - tokenizer_default: Uses the chat template that is available in the tokenizer_config.json. If the chat template is not available in the tokenizer, it will raise an error. This is the default.
# - alpaca/inst/chatml/gemma/cohere/llama3/phi_3/deepseek_v2/jamba: These chat templates are available in the axolotl codebase at src/axolotl/utils/chat_templates.py
# - tokenizer_default_fallback_*: where * is the name of the chat template to fallback to if the tokenizer does not have a chat template else default to tokenizer. E.g. tokenizer_default_fallback_chatml.
# - jinja: Uses a custom jinja template for the chat template. The custom jinja template should be provided in the chat_template_jinja field.
chat_template: tokenizer_default
# Custom jinja chat template. Used only if `chat_template: jinja` or empty.
chat_template_jinja:
# Key containing the messages (default: "messages")
field_messages: messages
# Key containing the system message (default: "system")
# If the system message is not present in the dataset sample, it will be loaded from the field_system property.
field_system: system
# Mapping of properties from the input dataset to the chat template.
# (default: message_property_mappings={'role':'role', 'content':'content'})
# If a property exists in the template but not in this mapping, the system will attempt
# to load it directly from the message using the property name as the key.
# Example: In the mapping below, 'from' is loaded from input dataset and used as 'role',
# while 'value' is loaded and used as 'content' in the chat template.
message_property_mappings:
role: from
content: value
# ...
# Optional[Dict[str, List]]. Roles mapping in the messages.
# The format is {target_role: [source_roles]}. All source roles will be mapped to the target role.
# The default is:
roles:
user: ["human", "user"]
assistant: ["gpt", "assistant"]
system: ["system"]
tool: ["tool"]
# Optional[bool]. Whether to drop the system turn from the dataset. Only works with chat_template.
# This does not drop the default system message from chat_template if it exists. If you wish to,
# we recommend using a custom jinja template with the default system message removed or
# adding a system turn with empty content.
drop_system_message:
# Optional[bool]. (for Qwen3 template only) Whether to split the assistant content based on a reasoning trace inside delimited tags
# See example at `docs/dataset-formats/conversation.qmd`
split_thinking:
# IMPORTANT: The following fields determine which parts of the conversation to train on.
# Priority order: message_field_training > message_field_training_detail > train_on_inputs or role in roles_to_train
# See examples at `docs/dataset-formats/conversation.qmd`
# Note: If the below 5 fields are empty, defaults to training only on the last message.
# Optional[List[str]]. Roles to train on. The tokens from these roles will be considered for the loss.
roles_to_train: ["assistant"] # default
# Optional[str]. Which EOS tokens to train on in the conversation. Possible values are:
# - all: train on all EOS tokens
# - turn (default): train on the EOS token at the end of each trainable turn
# - last: train on the last EOS token in the conversation
# TIP: Please make sure that your `tokenizer.eos_token` is same as EOS/EOT token in template. Otherwise, set `eos_token` under `special_tokens`.
train_on_eos: turn
# Optional[str]. Which EOT (End-of-Turn) tokens to train on in the conversation. Possible values are:
# - all: train on all EOT tokens
# - turn: train on the EOT token at the end of each trainable turn
# - last: train on the last EOT token in the conversation
# If not specified, defaults to the value of train_on_eos for backward compatibility.
train_on_eot:
# The key in the message turn that indicates via boolean whether tokens of a turn should be considered for training. Useful to selectively train on certain turns besides the `roles_to_train`.
message_field_training: training
# The key in the message turn that contains the training details. Useful to selectively train on certain tokens in a turn.
# The value of the key is a List[Dict] containing `begin_offset` (start character index in content), `end_offset` (end character index in content), and `train` (boolean whether to train).
message_field_training_detail: train_detail
# If false, the datasets will not be shuffled and will keep their original order in `datasets`.
# The same applies to the `test_datasets` option and the `pretraining_dataset` option. Default is true.
shuffle_merged_datasets: true
Deduplicates datasets and test_datasets with identical entries.
dataset_exact_deduplication: true
# A list of one or more datasets to eval the model with.
# You can use either test_datasets, or val_set_size, but not both.
test_datasets:
- path: /workspace/data/eval.jsonl
ds_type: json
# You need to specify a split. For "json" datasets the default split is called "train".
split: train
type: completion
data_files:
- /workspace/data/eval.jsonl
# use RL training: 'dpo', 'ipo', 'kto', 'simpo', 'orpo', 'grpo'
rl:
rl_beta: # Optional[float]. The beta parameter for the RL training.
# dpo
dpo_use_weighting: # Optional[bool]. Whether to perform weighting.
rpo_alpha: # Optional[float]. Weighting of NLL term in loss from RPO paper.
# orpo
orpo_alpha: 0.1 # Parameter controlling the relative ratio loss weight in the ORPO loss. Passed to `beta` in `ORPOConfig` due to trl mapping.
# kto
kto_desirable_weight: # Optional[float]. Factor for desirable loss term in KTO loss.
kto_undesirable_weight: # Optional[float]. Factor for undesirable loss term in KTO loss.
# simpo
cpo_alpha: 1.0 # Weight of the BC regularizer
simpo_gamma: 0.5 # Target reward margin for the SimPO loss
# grpo
trl:
use_vllm: # Optional[bool]. Whether to use VLLM for RL training.
vllm_server_host: # Optional[str]. Host of the vLLM server to connect to.
vllm_server_port: # Optional[int]. Port of the vLLM server to connect to.
vllm_server_timeout: # Optional[int]. Total timeout (in seconds) to wait for the vLLM server to respond.
vllm_guided_decoding_regex: # Optional[str]. Regex for vLLM guided decoding.
beta: # Optional[float]. Beta parameter for the RL training. Same as `rl_beta`. Use
max_completion_length: # Optional[int]. Maximum length of the completion for RL training.
reward_funcs: # Optional[list[str]]. List of reward functions to load. Paths must be importable from current dir.
reward_weights: # Optional[list[float]]. List of reward weights for the reward functions.
num_generations: # Optional[int]. Number of generations to sample.
log_completions: # Optional[bool]. Whether to log completions.
sync_ref_model: # Optional[bool]. Whether to sync the reference model.
ref_model_mixup_alpha: # Optional[float]. Mixup alpha for the reference model.
ref_model_sync_steps: # Optional[int]. Sync steps for the reference model.
# reward modelling: `True` or `False`
reward_model:
# process reward modelling: `True` or `False`
process_reward_model:
# The name of the chat template to use for training, following values are supported:
# - tokenizer_default: Uses the chat template that is available in the tokenizer_config.json. If the chat template is not available in the tokenizer, it will raise an error. This is the default value.
# - alpaca/inst/chatml/gemma/cohere/llama3/phi_3/deepseek_v2/jamba: These chat templates are available in the axolotl codebase at src/axolotl/utils/chat_templates.py
# - tokenizer_default_fallback_*: where * is the name of the chat template to fallback to. E.g. tokenizer_default_fallback_chatml. This is useful when the chat template is not available in the tokenizer.
# - jinja: Uses a custom jinja template for the chat template. The custom jinja template should be provided in the chat_template_jinja field.
# The selected chat template will be saved to the tokenizer_config.json for easier inferencing
# Note: It is recommended to set train_on_inputs to true when using a chat template that is different from the model's default chat template.
chat_template: tokenizer_default
# custom jinja template for chat template. This will be only used if chat_template is set to `jinja` or `null` (in which case chat_template is automatically set to `jinja`). Default is null.
chat_template_jinja: null
# Optional[List[str]]. Custom EOT (End-of-Turn) tokens to mask/unmask during training.
# These tokens mark the boundaries between conversation turns.
# For example: ["/INST", "</s>", "[/SYSTEM_PROMPT]"]
# If not specified, defaults to just the model's eos_token.
# This is useful for templates that use multiple delimiter tokens.
eot_tokens:
# - "</s>"
# - "[/INST]"
# - "[/SYSTEM_PROMPT]"
# Changes the default system message
default_system_message: You are a helpful assistant. Please give a long and detailed answer. # Currently only supports chatml.
# Axolotl attempts to save the dataset as an arrow after packing the data together so
# subsequent training attempts load faster, relative path
dataset_prepared_path: data/last_run_prepared
# Push prepared dataset to hub
push_dataset_to_hub: # Optional[str] repo_org/repo_name
# The maximum number of processes to use while preprocessing your input dataset. This defaults to `os.cpu_count()`
# if not set.
dataset_processes: # defaults to os.cpu_count() if not set
# Keep dataset in memory while preprocessing
# Only needed if cached dataset is taking too much storage
dataset_keep_in_memory:
# push checkpoints to hub
hub_model_id: # private repo path to push finetuned model
# how to push checkpoints to hub
# https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/v4.31.0/en/main_classes/trainer#transformers.TrainingArguments.hub_strategy
hub_strategy:
# Whether to use hf `use_auth_token` for loading datasets. Useful for fetching private datasets
# Required to be true when used in combination with `push_dataset_to_hub`
hf_use_auth_token: # boolean
# How much of the dataset to set aside as evaluation. 1 = 100%, 0.50 = 50%, etc. 0 for no eval.
val_set_size: 0.04
# Num shards for whole dataset
dataset_shard_num:
# Index of shard to use for whole dataset
dataset_shard_idx:
# The maximum length of an input to train with, this should typically be less than 2048
# as most models have a token/context limit of 2048
sequence_len: 2048
# Pad inputs so each step uses constant sized buffers
# This will reduce memory fragmentation and may prevent OOMs, by re-using memory more efficiently
pad_to_sequence_len:
# Use efficient multi-packing with block diagonal attention and per sequence position_ids. Recommend set to 'true'
sample_packing:
# Set to 'false' if getting errors during eval with sample_packing on.
eval_sample_packing:
# You can set these packing optimizations AFTER starting a training at least once.
# The trainer will provide recommended values for these values.
sample_packing_eff_est:
total_num_tokens:
# Increasing the following values helps with packing, but usually only slightly (<%1.)
# The number of samples packed at a time.
sample_packing_group_size: 100000
# The number of samples which can be packed into one sequence. Increase if using a large sequence_len with many short samples.
sample_packing_bin_size: 200
sample_pack_sequentially: # Optional[bool]. Whether to pack samples sequentially.
# whether to concatenate samples during pretraining
pretraining_sample_concatenation:
curriculum_sampling: # Optional[bool]. Whether to use sequential sampling for curriculum learning
# Use batch flattening for speedups when not using sample_packing
batch_flattening:
# Passed through to transformers when loading the model when launched without accelerate
# Use `sequential` when training w/ model parallelism to limit memory
device_map:
# Defines the max memory usage per gpu on the system. Passed through to transformers when loading the model.
max_memory:
# If you want to use 'lora' or 'qlora' or leave blank to train all parameters in original model
adapter: lora
# If you already have a lora model trained that you want to load, put that here.
# This means after training, if you want to test the model, you should set this to the value of `output_dir`.
# Note that if you merge an adapter to the base model, a new subdirectory `merged` will be created under the `output_dir`.
lora_model_dir:
# LoRA hyperparameters
# For more details about the following options, see:
# https://www.anyscale.com/blog/fine-tuning-llms-lora-or-full-parameter-an-in-depth-analysis-with-llama-2
lora_r: 8
lora_alpha: 16
lora_dropout: 0.05
lora_target_modules:
- q_proj
- v_proj
# - k_proj
# - o_proj
# - gate_proj
# - down_proj
# - up_proj
lora_target_linear: # If true, will target all linear modules
# List[int] | int. # The layer indices to transform, otherwise, apply to all layers
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/v0.15.0/en/package_reference/lora#peft.LoraConfig.layers_to_transform
peft_layers_to_transform:
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use DoRA.
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/v0.15.0/en/developer_guides/lora#weight-decomposed-low-rank-adaptation-dora
peft_use_dora:
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use RSLoRA.
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/v0.15.0/en/developer_guides/lora#rank-stabilized-lora
peft_use_rslora:
# Optional[list[tuple[int, int]]]. List of layer indices to replicate.
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/v0.15.0/en/developer_guides/lora#memory-efficient-layer-replication-with-lora
peft_layer_replication:
# bool | Literal["gaussian", "eva", "olora", "pissa", "pissa_niter_[number of iters]", "corda", "loftq"]
# How to initialize LoRA weights. Default to True which is MS original implementation.
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/v0.15.0/en/developer_guides/lora#initialization
peft_init_lora_weights:
# If you added new tokens to the tokenizer, you may need to save some LoRA modules because they need to know the new tokens.
# For LLaMA and Mistral, you need to save `embed_tokens` and `lm_head`. It may vary for other models.
# `embed_tokens` converts tokens to embeddings, and `lm_head` converts embeddings to token probabilities.
# https://github.com/huggingface/peft/issues/334#issuecomment-1561727994
lora_modules_to_save:
# - embed_tokens
# - lm_head
lora_fan_in_fan_out: false
# Apply custom LoRA autograd functions and activation function Triton kernels for
# speed and memory savings
# See: https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/lora_optims.html
lora_mlp_kernel: true
lora_qkv_kernel: true
lora_o_kernel: true
# LoRA+ hyperparameters
# For more details about the following options, see:
# https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.12354 and `src/axolotl/core/train_builder.py`
loraplus_lr_ratio: # loraplus learning rate ratio lr_B / lr_A. Recommended value is 2^4.
loraplus_lr_embedding: # loraplus learning rate for lora embedding layers. Default value is 1e-6.
peft:
# Configuration options for loftq initialization for LoRA
# https://huggingface.co/docs/peft/developer_guides/quantization#loftq-initialization
loftq_config:
loftq_bits: # typically 4 bits
# ReLoRA configuration
# Must use either 'lora' or 'qlora' adapter, and does not support fsdp or deepspeed
relora_steps: # Number of steps per ReLoRA restart
relora_warmup_steps: # Number of per-restart warmup steps
relora_anneal_steps: # Number of anneal steps for each relora cycle
relora_prune_ratio: # threshold for optimizer magnitude when pruning
relora_cpu_offload: # True to perform lora weight merges on cpu during restarts, for modest gpu memory savings
# wandb configuration if you're using it
# Make sure your `WANDB_API_KEY` environment variable is set (recommended) or you login to wandb with `wandb login`.
wandb_mode: # "offline" to save run metadata locally and not sync to the server, "disabled" to turn off wandb
wandb_project: # Your wandb project name
wandb_entity: # A wandb Team name if using a Team
wandb_watch:
wandb_name: # Set the name of your wandb run
wandb_run_id: # Set the ID of your wandb run
wandb_log_model: # "checkpoint" to log model to wandb Artifacts every `save_steps` or "end" to log only at the end of training
# mlflow configuration if you're using it
mlflow_tracking_uri: # URI to mlflow
mlflow_experiment_name: # Your experiment name
mlflow_run_name: # Your run name
hf_mlflow_log_artifacts: # set to true to copy each saved checkpoint on each save to mlflow artifact registry
# Comet configuration if you're using it
# Make sure your `COMET_API_KEY` environment variable is set (recommended) or you login to Comet with `comet login`.
# Check out our documentation for more details https://www.comet.com/docs/v2/api-and-sdk/python-sdk/reference/Experiment-Creation/#comet_ml.start
use_comet: # Enable or disable Comet integration.
comet_api_key: # API key for Comet. Recommended to set via `comet login`.
comet_workspace: # Workspace name in Comet. Defaults to the user's default workspace.
comet_project_name: # Project name in Comet. Defaults to Uncategorized.
comet_experiment_key: # Identifier for the experiment. Used to append data to an existing experiment or control the key of new experiments. Default to a random key.
comet_mode: # Create a new experiment ("create") or log to an existing one ("get"). Default ("get_or_create") auto-selects based on configuration.
comet_online: # Set to True to log data to Comet server, or False for offline storage. Default is True.
comet_experiment_config: # Dictionary for additional configuration settings, see the doc for more details.
# Tensorboard
use_tensorboard: # Optional[bool]
# Where to save the full-finetuned model to
output_dir: ./completed-model
# Whether to use torch.compile and which backend to use
# setting to `auto` will enable torch compile when torch>=2.5.1
torch_compile: # Optional[Union[Literal["auto"], bool]]
torch_compile_backend: # Optional[str]
# Training hyperparameters
# If greater than 1, backpropagation will be skipped and the gradients will be accumulated for the given number of steps.
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
# The number of samples to include in each batch. This is the number of samples sent to each GPU.
# Batch size per gpu = micro_batch_size * gradient_accumulation_steps
micro_batch_size: 2
eval_batch_size:
num_epochs: 4
warmup_steps: 100 # cannot use with warmup_ratio
warmup_ratio: 0.05 # cannot use with warmup_steps
learning_rate: 0.00003
lr_quadratic_warmup:
logging_steps:
eval_steps: # Leave empty to eval at each epoch, integer for every N steps. float for fraction of total steps
evals_per_epoch: # number of times per epoch to run evals, mutually exclusive with eval_steps
eval_strategy: # Set to `"no"` to skip evaluation, `"epoch"` at end of each epoch, leave empty to infer from `eval_steps`.
save_strategy: # Set to `"no"` to skip checkpoint saves, `"epoch"` at end of each epoch, `"best"` when better result is achieved, leave empty to infer from `save_steps`.
save_steps: # Leave empty to save at each epoch, integer for every N steps. float for fraction of total steps
saves_per_epoch: # number of times per epoch to save a checkpoint, mutually exclusive with save_steps
save_total_limit: # Checkpoints saved at a time
# Maximum number of iterations to train for. It precedes num_epochs which means that
# if both are set, num_epochs will not be guaranteed.
# e.g., when 1 epoch is 1000 steps => `num_epochs: 2` and `max_steps: 100` will train for 100 steps
max_steps:
# bool of whether to include tokens trainer per second in the training metrics. This iterates over the entire dataset once, so it takes some time.
include_tokens_per_second: # Optional[bool]
# whether to find batch size that fits in memory. Passed to underlying transformers Trainer
auto_find_batch_size: # Optional[bool]
eval_table_size: # Approximate number of predictions sent to wandb depending on batch size. Enabled above 0. Default is 0
eval_max_new_tokens: # Total number of tokens generated for predictions sent to wandb. Default is 128
do_causal_lm_eval: # Whether to run causal language model evaluation for metrics in `eval_causal_lm_metrics`.
eval_causal_lm_metrics: # HF evaluate metrics used during evaluation. Default is ["sacrebleu", "comet", "ter", "chrf", "perplexity"]
profiler_steps: # enable the pytorch profiler to capture the first N steps of training to the output_dir.
# see https://pytorch.org/blog/understanding-gpu-memory-1/ for more information
# snapshots can be visualized @ https://pytorch.org/memory_viz
loss_watchdog_threshold: # High loss value, indicating the learning has broken down (a good estimate is ~2 times the loss at the start of training)
loss_watchdog_patience: # Number of high-loss steps in a row before the trainer aborts (default: 3)
# Save model as safetensors (require safetensors package)
save_safetensors:
# Whether to mask out or include the human's prompt from the training labels
train_on_inputs: false
# Group similarly sized data to minimize padding.
# May be slower to start, as it must download and sort the entire dataset.
# Note that training loss may have an oscillating pattern with this enabled.
group_by_length: false
# Whether to use gradient checkpointing. Available options are: true, false, "offload".
# https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/v4.18.0/en/performance#gradient-checkpointing
gradient_checkpointing: false
# additional kwargs to pass to the trainer for gradient checkpointing
# gradient_checkpointing_kwargs:
# use_reentrant: true
# Stop training after this many evaluation losses have increased in a row
# https://huggingface.co/transformers/v4.2.2/_modules/transformers/trainer_callback.html#EarlyStoppingCallback
early_stopping_patience: 3
# Specify a scheduler and kwargs to use with the optimizer
lr_scheduler: # 'one_cycle' | 'rex' | 'log_sweep' | 'linear' | 'cosine_with_restarts' | 'polynomial' | 'constant' | 'constant_with_warmup' | 'inverse_sqrt' | 'reduce_lr_on_plateau' | 'cosine_with_min_lr' | 'warmup_stable_decay' | empty for cosine
lr_scheduler_kwargs:
cosine_min_lr_ratio: # decay lr to some percentage of the peak lr, e.g. cosine_min_lr_ratio=0.1 for 10% of peak lr
cosine_constant_lr_ratio: # freeze lr at some percentage of the step, e.g. cosine_constant_lr_ratio=0.8 means start cosine_min_lr at 80% of training step (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.04014.pdf)
# For one_cycle optim
lr_div_factor: # Learning rate div factor
# Specify optimizer
# Valid values are driven by the Transformers OptimizerNames class, see:
# https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/cbf924b76c03828101a34069a96d209314114fd5/src/transformers/training_args.py#L144-L189
#
# Note that not all optimizers may be available in your environment, ex: 'adamw_anyprecision' is part of
# torchdistx, 'adamw_bnb_8bit' is part of bnb.optim.Adam8bit, etc. When in doubt, it is recommended to start with the optimizer used
# in the examples/ for your model and fine-tuning use case.
#
# Valid values for 'optimizer' include:
# - adamw_torch
# - adamw_torch_fused
# - adamw_torch_xla
# - adamw_torch_npu_fused
# - adamw_apex_fused
# - adopt_adamw (an EXPERIMENTAL optimizer, only for torch version >= 2.5.1)
# - adafactor
# - adamw_anyprecision
# - adamw_torch_4bit
# - ademamix
# - sgd
# - adagrad
# - adamw_bnb_8bit
# - adamw_8bit # alias for adamw_bnb_8bit
# - ademamix_8bit
# - lion_8bit
# - lion_32bit
# - paged_adamw_32bit
# - paged_adamw_8bit
# - paged_ademamix_32bit
# - paged_ademamix_8bit
# - paged_lion_32bit
# - paged_lion_8bit
# - rmsprop
# - rmsprop_bnb
# - rmsprop_bnb_8bit
# - rmsprop_bnb_32bit
# - galore_adamw
# - galore_adamw_8bit
# - galore_adafactor
# - galore_adamw_layerwise
# - galore_adamw_8bit_layerwise
# - galore_adafactor_layerwise
# - lomo
# - adalomo
# - grokadamw
# - schedule_free_adamw
# - schedule_free_sgd
# - apollo_adamw
# - apollo_adamw_layerwise
#
# Additional custom optimizers include:
# - optimi_adamw
# - ao_adamw_8bit
# - ao_adamw_fp8
# - came_pytorch
optimizer:
# Dictionary of arguments to pass to the optimizer
optim_args:
# For Galore Optimizers the following optim_args are available
# rank: # type: int
# update_proj_gap # type: int
# scale # type: float
# proj_type: # type: str, default = std
# The target modules to optimize, i.e. the module names that you would like to train, right now this is used only for GaLore algorithm
optim_target_modules:
# - self_attn # for llama
# - mlp
# Specify weight decay
weight_decay:
# adamw hyperparams
adam_beta1:
adam_beta2:
adam_epsilon:
# Gradient clipping max norm
max_grad_norm:
# Augmentation techniques
# NEFT https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.05914, set this to a number (paper default is 5) to add noise to embeddings
# currently only supported on Llama and Mistral
neftune_noise_alpha:
# Optional[bool]. Whether to bettertransformers
flash_optimum:
# Note: Only one of the following attention patches can be used at a time.
# For example, if you set `xformers_attention` to `true`, do not set `flash_attention` to `true`.
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use xformers attention patch https://github.com/facebookresearch/xformers:
xformers_attention:
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use flash attention patch https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention:
flash_attention:
flash_attn_cross_entropy: # Optional[bool]. Whether to use flash-attention cross entropy implementation - advanced use only
flash_attn_rms_norm: # Optional[bool]. Whether to use flash-attention rms norm implementation - advanced use only
flash_attn_fuse_qkv: # Optional[bool]. Whether to fuse QKV into a single operation
flash_attn_fuse_mlp: # Optional[bool]. Whether to fuse part of the MLP into a single operation
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use scaled-dot-product attention
# https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention.html
sdp_attention:
# Optional[bool]. Shifted-sparse attention (only llama) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.12307.pdf
s2_attention:
# Optional[bool]. Whether to use low_cpu_mem_usage
low_cpu_mem_usage:
# Optional[str]. Resume from a specific checkpoint dir
resume_from_checkpoint:
# Optional[bool]. If resume_from_checkpoint isn't set and you simply want it to start where it left off.
# Be careful with this being turned on between different models.
auto_resume_from_checkpoints: false
## Multimodal section
# int | tuple[int, int] | None . Size to resize images to, width x height.
# Will read from model/processor config if not set.
image_size:
# str. Algorithm to use for image resizing. "bilinear", "bicubic", "lanczos". Default is "bilinear".
image_resize_algorithm: 'bilinear'
## End of multimodal section
# Don't mess with this, it's here for accelerate and torchrun
local_rank:
# Add or change special tokens.
# If you add tokens here, you don't need to add them to the `tokens` list.
special_tokens:
# bos_token: "<s>"
# eos_token: "</s>"
# unk_token: "<unk>"
# pad_token: "[PAD]"
# Optional[list[str]]. Add extra tokens to the tokenizer.
tokens:
# - "<|startoftext|>"
# - "<|endoftext|>"
# Mapping token_id to new_token_string to override reserved added_tokens in the tokenizer.
# Only works for tokens that are not part of the base vocab (aka are added_tokens).
# Can be checked if they exist in tokenizer.json added_tokens.
added_tokens_overrides: # Dict[int, str]
# 128041: "<|im_start|>"
# 128042: "<|im_end|>"
# FSDP
fsdp:
fsdp_config:
# Deepspeed config path. e.g., deepspeed_configs/zero3.json
deepspeed:
# Advanced DDP Arguments
ddp_timeout:
ddp_bucket_cap_mb:
ddp_broadcast_buffers:
# Sequence parallelism
# Set to a divisor of the number of GPUs available to split sequences into chunks of equal size.
# Use in long context training to prevent OOM when sequences cannot fit into a single GPU's VRAM.
# E.g., if 4 GPUs are available, set this value to 2 to split each sequence into two equal-sized
# subsequences, or set to 4 to split into four equal-sized subsequences.
# See https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/sequence_parallelism.html for more details.
sequence_parallel_degree:
# Optional; strides across the key dimension. Larger values use more memory but should make training faster.
# Must evenly divide the number of KV heads in your model.
heads_k_stride: 1
# One of "varlen_llama3", "batch_ring", "batch_zigzag", "batch_stripe". Defaults to "varlen_llama3"
# in the sample packing case, and "batch_ring" in the non-sample packing case.
ring_attn_func:
# Path to torch distx for optim 'adamw_anyprecision'
torchdistx_path:
# Set to HF dataset for type: 'completion' for streaming instead of pre-tokenize
pretraining_dataset:
# Debug mode
debug:
# Seed
seed:
# Allow overwrite yml config using from cli
strict:
```

View File

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ toc-depth: 3
```{python}
#| echo: false
import os
import re
def process_readme(integration_name):
@@ -54,24 +53,6 @@ sections = [
("LLMCompressor", "llm_compressor")
]
for folder_name in os.listdir("../src/axolotl/integrations/"):
if folder_name in [path for name, path in sections]:
# skip if already in sections
continue
if os.path.exists(f"../src/axolotl/integrations/{folder_name}/README.md"):
# grab the first heading in README.md as the section name
with open(f"../src/axolotl/integrations/{folder_name}/README.md", "r") as f:
txt = f.read()
matches = re.search(r'^# (.*)\n?', txt, flags=re.MULTILINE)
if matches:
name = matches.group(1)
else:
continue
sections.append((name, folder_name))
# sort sections by name
sections = sorted(sections, key=lambda x: x[0])
for section_name, folder_name in sections:
print(print_section(section_name, folder_name))
```

View File

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ order: 3
Chat Template strategy uses a jinja2 template that converts a list of messages into a prompt. Support using tokenizer's template, a supported template, or custom jinja2.
```{.json filename="data.jsonl"}
{"messages": [{"role": "...", "content": "..."}, {"role": "...", "content": "..."}, ...]}
{"conversations": [{"role": "...", "content": "..."}]}
```
See [configs](../config-reference.qmd) for full configs and supported templates.
See [configs](../config.qmd) for full configs and supported templates.
### Migrating from sharegpt
@@ -52,9 +52,7 @@ We recommend checking the below examples for other usecases.
### Examples
#### Training on last message
(Legacy) Using the default chat template in the tokenizer_config.json on OpenAI messages format, training on only last message.
1. (Legacy) Using the default chat template in the tokenizer_config.json on OpenAI messages format, training on only last message.
```yaml
datasets:
@@ -68,9 +66,7 @@ datasets:
If you receive an error like "`chat_template` choice is `tokenizer_default` but tokenizer's `chat_template` is null.", it means the tokenizer does not have a default `chat_template`. Follow the examples below instead to set a custom `chat_template`.
:::
#### Overriding default chat template
Using the `gemma` chat template to override the tokenizer_config.json's chat template on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
2. Using the `gemma` chat template to override the tokenizer_config.json's chat template on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
```yaml
chat_template: gemma # this overwrites the tokenizer's chat_template
@@ -80,13 +76,7 @@ datasets:
roles_to_train: ["assistant"] # default value
```
::: {.callout-note}
If you want to use built-in chat_template, use `chat_template: tokenizer_default` (this is set by default).
:::
#### Using default chat template with fallback
Using the tokenizer_config.json's chat template or `chatml` as fallback if the former's chat template does not exist, on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
3. Using the tokenizer_config.json's chat template or `chatml` as fallback if the former's chat template does not exist, on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
```yaml
chat_template: tokenizer_default_fallback_chatml # this overwrites the tokenizer's chat_template
@@ -95,9 +85,7 @@ datasets:
type: chat_template
```
#### Custom Jinja template
Using a custom jinja template on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
4. Using a custom jinja template on OpenAI messages format, training on all assistant messages.
```yaml
# chat_template: jinja # `jinja` will be implied if the `chat_template_jinja` is set and this field is empty
@@ -108,21 +96,11 @@ datasets:
type: chat_template
```
::: {.callout-tip}
`chat_template_jinja` also accepts a file path to a `.jinja2` file instead of an inline string:
```yaml
chat_template_jinja: ./path/to/my_template.jinja2
```
:::
::: {.callout-important}
Please make sure that your `tokenizer.eos_token` is same as EOS (End-of-Sequence) token in template. Otherwise, set `eos_token` under `special_tokens: `.
:::
#### Using template with different token for EOT and EOS
- If you are using a template that has a different EOT (End-of-Turn) token from EOS token or multiple EOT tokens (like Mistral V7 Tekken), set the `eot_tokens: ` config. The handling of EOT tokens follows `train_on_eos: ` which defaults to turn.
5. If you are using a template that has a different EOT (End-of-Turn) token from EOS token or multiple EOT tokens (like Mistral V7 Tekken), set the `eot_tokens: ` config. The handling of EOT tokens follows `train_on_eos: ` which defaults to turn.
```yaml
eot_tokens:
@@ -138,16 +116,16 @@ datasets:
```
::: {.callout-tip}
See [config documentation](../config-reference.qmd) for detailed explanations of "turn", "last", and "all" options for training on tokens.
See [config documentation](../config.qmd) for detailed explanations of "turn", "last", and "all" options for training on tokens.
:::
::: {.callout-note}
Using `eot_tokens` requires each token that exists in `chat_template` to be a single token in the tokenizer. Otherwise, the tokenizer will split the token and cause unexpected behavior.
You can add those tokens as new tokens under `tokens: ` or (recommended) override unused added_tokens via `added_tokens_overrides: `. See [config](../config-reference.qmd) for more details.
You can add those tokens as new tokens under `tokens: ` or (recommended) override unused added_tokens via `added_tokens_overrides: `. See [config](../config.qmd) for more details.
:::
- Continuing from the previous example, if you want to train on all EOT token trainable turns but only last EOS token, set `train_on_eos: last`.
6. Continuing from the previous example, if you want to train on all EOT token trainable turns but only last EOS token, set `train_on_eos: last`.
```yaml
eot_tokens:
@@ -167,91 +145,7 @@ If EOS token only appears at the end of a prompt, `train_on_eos: last` is equiva
:::
#### Using tool use
Instead of passing `tools` via the system prompt, an alternative method would be to have the `tools` in a separate column and loaded via `chat_template` to let the template dynamically build it.
```json
{
"tools": [
{
"type": "...",
"function": {
"name": "...",
"description": "...",
"parameters": {
"type": "...",
"properties": {
// ...
},
"required": ["..."],
},
},
},
],
"messages": [
// ...
{
"role": "assistant", // call the function via assistant
"tool_calls": [
{
"id": "...", // required only for mistral
"type": "function",
"function": {
"name": "...",
"arguments": {
"...": "...",
}
}
}
]
},
{
"role": "tool",
"tool_call_id": "...", // required only for mistral
"name": "...",
"content": "..."
},
],
}
```
::: {.callout-note}
Tools need to follow [JSON schema](https://json-schema.org/learn/getting-started-step-by-step).
:::
::: {.callout-warning}
If you have tool arguments with same name but different dtypes (like `"time": string` and `"time": number`), please save `arguments: ` as JSON string to prevent `datasets` from having casting issues.
```
"arguments": "{\"...\": \"...\"}"
```
The same is applicable for tool parameters.
```
"parameters": "{\"...\": \"...\"}"
```
:::
Example config for Llama4:
```yaml
chat_template: llama4
datasets:
- path: Nanobit/text-tools-2k-test
type: chat_template
# field_tools: tools # default is `tools`
```
::: {.callout-tip}
Look into the `chat_template` you are using to see if it supports `tools` and what the expected role is for the tool answer. In the example above, the tool answer is expected to be in the `tool` or `ipython` role for `llama4` template.
:::
#### Using fine-grained control over token masking
(Advanced) Using fine-grained control over tokens and turns to train in a conversation
7. (Advanced) Using fine-grained control over tokens and turns to train in a conversation
For a data sample that looks like:
@@ -302,116 +196,7 @@ datasets:
It is not necessary to set both `message_field_training` and `message_field_training_detail` at once.
:::
#### Content parts with per-part training control
Instead of using character offsets with `train_detail`, you can split a message's content into a list of parts, each with its own training flag. This is useful when you want to mask specific sections of a response (e.g., mask reasoning but train on the answer).
```{.json filename="data.jsonl"}
{
"messages": [
{"role": "user", "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "What is 2+2?"}]},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": [
{"type": "text", "text": "Let me think step by step...", "train": false},
{"type": "text", "text": " The answer is 4.", "train": true}
]
}
]
}
```
The configuration is the same as standard `chat_template` — no extra fields needed:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: ...
type: chat_template
roles_to_train: ["assistant"]
```
Each content part supports:
- `type`: `"text"` (required)
- `text`: the text value (also accepts `content` or `value` as the key)
- `train`: `true`/`false` (optional) — whether to train on this part
- `weight`: `0`/`1` (optional) — alternative to `train`
If a part has no `train` or `weight` flag, it inherits the turn-level training decision (from `roles_to_train`, `message_field_training`, or `train_on_inputs`).
::: {.callout-warning title="Whitespace at part boundaries"}
BPE tokenizers (used by Llama, Qwen, Mistral, GPT, etc.) prepend spaces to word tokens. For example, `" answer"` is a single token — the space is part of it. This means **where you place whitespace between content parts matters**:
**Split BEFORE spaces** (space goes with the next part):
```json
[
{"type": "text", "text": "Let me think...", "train": false},
{"type": "text", "text": " The answer is 4.", "train": true}
]
```
**DON'T put trailing spaces** on a part (the space merges with the next word into one token that straddles the boundary, and straddling tokens are masked):
```json
[
{"type": "text", "text": "Let me think... ", "train": false},
{"type": "text", "text": "The answer is 4.", "train": true}
]
```
In the bad example, `" The"` becomes a single token that spans both parts. Because it straddles the boundary, it is conservatively **masked** (not trained) — even though the second part has `train: true`.
**Newlines** typically merge with preceding punctuation (e.g., `":\n"` is one token). Keep newlines with the preceding part:
```json
[
{"type": "text", "text": "Thinking:\n", "train": false},
{"type": "text", "text": "The answer is 4.", "train": true}
]
```
Axolotl will log a warning if it detects trailing whitespace at a boundary between parts with different training flags.
:::
::: {.callout-note}
When all content parts in a message are strings, they are concatenated before being passed to the chat template. This means content parts work with **any** Jinja template — the template sees a plain string, and the per-part training flags are applied during tokenization.
:::
##### Per-part training on reasoning_content
For templates that support a separate `reasoning_content` field (e.g., `qwen3`), the same content-parts format works on `reasoning_content`. This is useful for masking incorrect reasoning steps while training on self-corrections:
```{.json filename="data.jsonl"}
{
"messages": [
{"role": "user", "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "What is 2+2?"}]},
{
"role": "assistant",
"reasoning_content": [
{"type": "text", "text": "Hmm maybe 2+2=5.", "train": false},
{"type": "text", "text": " Wait no, 2+2=4.", "train": true}
],
"content": [
{"type": "text", "text": "The answer is 4.", "train": true}
]
}
]
}
```
The `reasoning_content` and `content` fields are handled independently — each has its own token boundaries and per-part masking. No additional configuration is needed beyond what the template already requires.
::: {.callout-tip}
When `reasoning_content` is provided as a separate field, `split_thinking` is not needed — the reasoning is already separated from the content in the data.
:::
The same whitespace rules apply to `reasoning_content` parts as to `content` parts — split before spaces, keep newlines with the preceding part.
#### Reasoning split
(For Qwen3 template only) Enable reasoning split, where the reasoning is split from the content and passed as a separate field into the template.
8. (For Qwen3 template only) Enable reasoning split, where the reasoning is split from the content and passed as a separate field into the template.
```yaml
datasets:

View File

@@ -22,46 +22,90 @@ For `pretraining_dataset:` specifically, please refer to the [Pre-training secti
## Pre-training
Pre-training trains on raw text corpora with no input masking. The dataset format is simple:
When aiming to train on large corpora of text datasets, pre-training is your go-to choice. Due to the size of these datasets, downloading the entire-datasets before beginning training would be prohibitively time-consuming. Axolotl supports [streaming](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/en/stream) to only load batches into memory at a time.
A sample format for a pre-training dataset is as follows:
```json
{"text": "first row"}
{"text": "second row"}
...
```
Axolotl supports two approaches:
It is typically recommended to save your dataset as `.jsonl` due to its flexibility and simplicity.
### Streaming (large datasets)
Axolotl supports loading from a Hugging Face hub repo or from local files.
For large corpora that don't fit in memory, use `pretraining_dataset` with [streaming](../streaming.qmd). Data is tokenized on-demand during training.
::: {.callout-important}
For pre-training only, Axolotl would split texts if it exceeds the context length into multiple smaller prompts.
:::
### Pre-training from Hugging Face hub datasets
As an example, to train using a Hugging Face dataset `hf_org/name`, you can pass the following config:
```yaml
pretraining_dataset: hf_org/name
```
### Pre-training from local dataset files
Given a few corpus files: `A.jsonl`, `B.jsonl`, and `C.jsonl`, your config will look like the below:
```yaml
pretraining_dataset:
- path: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
type: pretrain
text_column: text
split: train
- path: json
data_files:
- A.jsonl
- B.jsonl
- C.jsonl
```
::: {.callout-important}
Streaming requires `max_steps` in your config — Axolotl cannot infer the dataset size. One step = `sequence_len * micro_batch_size * gradient_accumulation_steps * num_gpus` tokens.
:::
While we recommend `.jsonl`, you can also use the other formats (`csv`, `parquet`, `arrow`, `SQL`, `Webdataset`) that are supported by [`Dataset.load_dataset`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/loading#local-and-remote-files)
See [Streaming Datasets](../streaming.qmd) for full configuration details.
### Pre-training without streaming
### Non-streaming (smaller datasets)
On the rare case that the dataset is small and can be loaded entirely into memory, another approach to running pre-training is to use the `completion` format. This would mean that the entire dataset is pre-tokenized instead of on-demand in streaming.
For datasets that fit in memory, use `type: completion` under `datasets:`. The entire dataset is pre-tokenized before training, which can be done on a CPU-only machine.
One benefit of this is that the tokenization can be performed separately on a CPU-only machine, and then transferred to a GPU machine for training to save costs.
From Hugging Face:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: my_corpus
- path: hf_org/name
type: completion
```
::: {.callout-note}
With `completion`, texts exceeding `sequence_len` are split into multiple samples automatically.
:::
From local files (either example works):
```yaml
datasets:
- path: A.jsonl
type: completion
- path: json
data_files: ["A.jsonl", "B.jsonl", "C.jsonl"]
type: completion
```
### Pre-training dataset configuration tips
#### Setting max_steps
When using streaming for large datasets, Axolotl does not know in advance how large the dataset is and does not know when to stop.
Therefore, it is necessary to set `max_steps: int` in your config for pre-training to run, so that Axolotl knows when to stop training.
One step is equal to `sequence_len * micro_batch_size * gradient_accumulation_steps * total_num_gpus` tokens.
#### Group_by_length
It is recommended to leave this off if downloading from Hugging Face hub as it would download the entire dataset which can be very large.
### Reference
Please see docs [here](pretraining.qmd).
## Supervised fine-tuning (SFT)

View File

@@ -186,4 +186,4 @@ datasets:
no_input_format: "[INST] {instruction} [/INST]"
```
See full config options under [here](../config-reference.qmd).
See full config options under [here](../config.qmd).

View File

@@ -4,9 +4,29 @@ description: Data format for a pre-training completion task.
order: 1
---
::: {.callout-note}
Pre-training documentation has been consolidated:
For pretraining, there is no prompt template or roles. The only required field is `text`:
```{.json filename="data.jsonl"}
{"text": "first row"}
{"text": "second row"}
...
```
:::{.callout-note}
### Streaming is recommended for large datasets
Axolotl usually loads the entire dataset into memory. This will be challenging for large datasets. Use the following config to enable streaming:
```{.yaml filename="config.yaml"}
pretraining_dataset:
- name:
path:
split:
text_column: # column in dataset with the data, usually `text`
type: pretrain
trust_remote_code:
skip: # number of rows of data to skip over from the beginning
```
- **Streaming pretraining** (large datasets): See [Streaming Datasets](../streaming.qmd#pretraining-with-streaming)
- **Non-streaming pretraining** (`type: completion`): See [Dataset Formats](index.qmd#pre-training)
:::

View File

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This matches the API of [`datasets.load_dataset`](https://github.com/huggingface
For HuggingFace's guide to load different dataset types, see [here](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/loading).
For full details on the config, see [config-reference.qmd](config-reference.qmd).
For full details on the config, see [config.qmd](config.qmd).
::: {.callout-note}
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ datasets:
#### Files
To load a JSON file, you would do something like this:
Usually, to load a JSON file, you would do something like this:
```python
from datasets import load_dataset
@@ -66,11 +66,19 @@ Which translates to the following config:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: data.json
ds_type: json
- path: json
data_files: /path/to/your/file.jsonl
```
In the example above, it can be seen that we can just point the `path` to the file or directory along with the `ds_type` to load the dataset.
However, to make things easier, we have added a few shortcuts for loading local dataset files.
You can just point the `path` to the file or directory along with the `ds_type` to load the dataset. The below example shows for a JSON file:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: /path/to/your/file.jsonl
ds_type: json
```
This works for CSV, JSON, Parquet, and Arrow files.

View File

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ description: How to debug Axolotl
This document provides some tips and tricks for debugging Axolotl. It also provides an example configuration for debugging with VSCode. A good debugging setup is essential to understanding how Axolotl code works behind the scenes.
::: {.callout-tip}
For training-specific debugging (loss spikes, NaN gradients, OOM errors, RL training stability), see [Training Stability & Debugging](training_stability.qmd).
:::
## Table of Contents
- [General Tips](#general-tips)
@@ -33,7 +29,7 @@ While debugging it's helpful to simplify your test scenario as much as possible.
1. **Make sure you are using the latest version of axolotl**: This project changes often and bugs get fixed fast. Check your git branch and make sure you have pulled the latest changes from `main`.
1. **Eliminate concurrency**: Restrict the number of processes to 1 for both training and data preprocessing:
- Set `CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES` to a single GPU, ex: `export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0`.
- Set `dataset_num_proc: 1` in your axolotl config or run the training command with `--dataset_num_proc=1`.
- Set `dataset_processes: 1` in your axolotl config or run the training command with `--dataset_processes=1`.
2. **Use a small dataset**: Construct or use a small dataset from HF Hub. When using a small dataset, you will often have to make sure `sample_packing: False` and `eval_sample_packing: False` to avoid errors. If you are in a pinch and don't have time to construct a small dataset but want to use from the HF Hub, you can shard the data (this will still tokenize the entire dataset, but will only use a fraction of the data for training. For example, to shard the dataset into 20 pieces, add the following to your axolotl config):
```yaml
@@ -76,10 +72,8 @@ datasets:
Make sure you have an [editable install](https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/development_mode.html) of Axolotl, which ensures that changes you make to the code are reflected at runtime. Run the following commands from the root of this project:
```bash
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128 # or cu130
uv venv --no-project --relocatable
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e '.[deepspeed]' --group dev --group test
pip3 install packaging
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.[flash-attn,deepspeed]'
```
#### Remote Hosts
@@ -91,7 +85,7 @@ If you developing on a remote host, you can easily use VSCode to debug remotely.
The easiest way to get started is to modify the [.vscode/launch.json](../.vscode/launch.json) file in this project. This is just an example configuration, so you may need to modify or copy it to suit your needs.
For example, to mimic the command `cd devtools && CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl train dev_chat_template.yml`, you would use the below configuration[^1]. Note that we add additional flags that override the axolotl config and incorporate the tips above (see the comments). We also set the working directory to `devtools` and set the `env` variable `HF_HOME` to a temporary folder that is later partially deleted. This is because we want to delete the HF dataset cache before each run in order to ensure that the data preprocessing code is run from scratch.
For example, to mimic the command `cd devtools && CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 accelerate launch -m axolotl.cli.train dev_chat_template.yml`, you would use the below configuration[^1]. Note that we add additional flags that override the axolotl config and incorporate the tips above (see the comments). We also set the working directory to `devtools` and set the `env` variable `HF_HOME` to a temporary folder that is later partially deleted. This is because we want to delete the HF dataset cache before each run in order to ensure that the data preprocessing code is run from scratch.
```json
// .vscode/launch.json
@@ -107,7 +101,7 @@ For example, to mimic the command `cd devtools && CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl
"-m", "axolotl.cli.train", "dev_chat_template.yml",
// The flags below simplify debugging by overriding the axolotl config
// with the debugging tips above. Modify as needed.
"--dataset_num_proc=1", // limits data preprocessing to one process
"--dataset_processes=1", // limits data preprocessing to one process
"--max_steps=1", // limits training to just one step
"--batch_size=1", // minimizes batch size
"--micro_batch_size=1", // minimizes batch size
@@ -210,18 +204,17 @@ cd axolotl
Next, run the desired docker image and mount the current directory. Below is a docker command you can run to do this:[^2]
```bash
docker run --privileged --gpus '"all"' --shm-size 10g --rm -it --name axolotl --ipc=host --ulimit memlock=-1 --ulimit stack=67108864 --mount type=bind,src="${PWD}",target=/workspace/axolotl -v ${HOME}/.cache/huggingface:/root/.cache/huggingface axolotlai/axolotl-uv:main-latest
docker run --privileged --gpus '"all"' --shm-size 10g --rm -it --name axolotl --ipc=host --ulimit memlock=-1 --ulimit stack=67108864 --mount type=bind,src="${PWD}",target=/workspace/axolotl -v ${HOME}/.cache/huggingface:/root/.cache/huggingface axolotlai/axolotl:main-py3.10-cu118-2.0.1
```
>[!Tip]
> To understand which containers are available, see the [Docker section of the README](../README.md#docker) and the [DockerHub repo](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl/tags). For details of how the Docker containers are built, see axolotl's [Docker CI builds](../.github/workflows/main.yml).
You will now be in the container. Next, install Axolotl with dev dependencies:
You will now be in the container. Next, perform an editable install of Axolotl:
```bash
uv venv --no-project --relocatable
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e '.[deepspeed]' --group dev --group test
pip3 install packaging
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.[flash-attn,deepspeed]'
```
### Attach To Container
@@ -249,6 +242,6 @@ style="border-radius: 10px; display: block; margin: auto;" width="560" height="3
</div>
<br>
[^1]: The VSCode config uses `accelerate.commands.launch` as the Python module entry point, which is what `axolotl train` invokes under the hood.
[^1]: The config actually mimics the command `CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python -m accelerate.commands.launch -m axolotl.cli.train devtools/chat_template.yml`, but this is the same thing.
[^2]: Many of the below flags are recommended best practices by Nvidia when using nvidia-container-toolkit. You can read more about these flags [here](https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/user-guide/index.html).

View File

@@ -6,33 +6,19 @@ format:
toc-depth: 4
---
This section describes the different Docker images that are released by AxolotlAI at
[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/u/axolotlai).
::: {.callout-important}
### Switch to the `-uv` images
Each image below ships a **uv variant** that uses [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) with a relocatable venv
(`/workspace/axolotl-venv`) instead of Miniconda + pip. Append `-uv` to the image name
(e.g. `axolotlai/axolotl-uv`, `axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv`, `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv`). Tags follow the
same format as their non-uv counterparts.
**We recommend switching to the `-uv` images early.** In the near future we will publish the uv-based
build to the non-uv tags as well. The non-uv names will continue to work, but they will start serving
the uv image.
:::
This section describes the different Docker images that are released by AxolotlAI at [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/u/axolotlai).
## Base
The base image is the most minimal image that can install Axolotl. It is based on the `nvidia/cuda` image.
It includes python, torch, git, git-lfs, awscli, pydantic, and more.
The base image is the most minimal image that can install Axolotl. It is based on the `nvidia/cuda` image. It includes python, torch, git, git-lfs, awscli, pydantic, and more.
#### Image
| Variant | Image | Docker Hub |
|---------|-------|------------|
| pip | `axolotlai/axolotl-base` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-base) |
| uv | `axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-base-uv) |
```
axolotlai/axolotl-base
```
Link: [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-base)
#### Tags format
@@ -42,10 +28,11 @@ main-base-py{python_version}-cu{cuda_version}-{pytorch_version}
Tags examples:
- `main-base-py3.11-cu128-2.9.1`
- `main-base-py3.12-cu128-2.10.0`
- `main-base-py3.12-cu130-2.9.1`
- `main-base-py3.12-cu130-2.10.0`
- `main-base-py3.11-cu128-2.7.0`
- `main-base-py3.11-cu126-2.7.0`
- `main-base-py3.11-cu124-2.6.0`
- `main-base-py3.11-cu124-2.5.1`
- `main-base-py3.11-cu124-2.4.1`
## Main
@@ -53,10 +40,11 @@ The main image is the image that is used to run Axolotl. It is based on the `axo
#### Image
| Variant | Image | Docker Hub |
|---------|-------|------------|
| pip | `axolotlai/axolotl` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl) |
| uv | `axolotlai/axolotl-uv` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-uv) |
```
axolotlai/axolotl
```
Link: [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl)
#### Tags format {#sec-main-tags}
@@ -64,7 +52,7 @@ The main image is the image that is used to run Axolotl. It is based on the `axo
# on push to main
main-py{python_version}-cu{cuda_version}-{pytorch_version}
# latest main (currently torch 2.9.1, python 3.11, cuda 12.8)
# latest main (currently torch 2.6.0, python 3.11, cuda 12.4)
main-latest
# nightly build
@@ -82,13 +70,15 @@ There may be some extra tags appended to the image, like `-vllm` which installs
Tags examples:
- `main-py3.11-cu128-2.9.1`
- `main-py3.12-cu128-2.10.0`
- `main-py3.12-cu130-2.9.1`
- `main-py3.12-cu130-2.10.0`
- `main-py3.11-cu126-2.7.0`
- `main-py3.11-cu124-2.6.0`
- `main-py3.11-cu124-2.5.1`
- `main-py3.11-cu124-2.4.1`
- `main-latest`
- `main-20260315-py3.11-cu128-2.9.1`
- `0.16.1`
- `main-20250303-py3.11-cu124-2.6.0`
- `main-20250303-py3.11-cu124-2.5.1`
- `main-20250303-py3.11-cu124-2.4.1`
- `0.7.1`
## Cloud
@@ -102,10 +92,11 @@ Jupyter lab is run by default. Set `JUPYTER_DISABLE=1` in the environment variab
#### Image
| Variant | Image | Docker Hub |
|---------|-------|------------|
| pip | `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-cloud) |
| uv | `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv` | [Link](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv) |
```
axolotlai/axolotl-cloud
```
Link: [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/axolotlai/axolotl-cloud)
#### Tags format

View File

@@ -1,556 +0,0 @@
---
title: "EBFT Training"
description: "Energy-Based Fine-Tuning uses feature-matching rewards from internal representations to train language models without external reward functions."
order: 9
back-to-top-navigation: true
toc: true
toc-expand: 2
toc-depth: 4
---
## Overview
Energy-Based Fine-Tuning (EBFT) is a training method that optimizes language models by matching the **internal feature representations** of generated text to those of ground-truth completions. Instead of relying on external reward models or hand-crafted reward functions, EBFT extracts hidden states from intermediate layers of a frozen copy of the model and uses cosine similarity between generated and reference features as the reward signal.
Paper: ["Matching Features, Not Tokens: Energy-Based Fine-Tuning of Language Models"](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12248) (Jelassi et al., 2026)
### How EBFT Differs from Other RL Methods
| Method | Reward Signal | Requires | Best For |
|--------|--------------|----------|----------|
| **GRPO** | External reward function(s) | Custom reward code or reward model | Tasks with verifiable answers (math, code) |
| **DPO** | Preference pairs (chosen vs rejected) | Paired preference data | Alignment with human preferences |
| **EBFT** | Feature similarity to ground truth | Ground-truth completions | Any task with reference outputs |
EBFT's key advantage is that it needs only ground-truth completions -- no reward engineering, no preference annotation, and no reward model training. The model's own internal representations serve as the reward signal. This makes it particularly effective for:
- Code generation (match features of known-good solutions)
- Instruction following with reference outputs
- Continual pretraining on unstructured text (strided mode)
- Multi-turn dialogue with reference conversations
### Reward Formulation
The EBFT reward for each generated completion is:
```
reward = alignment_coef * cosine_similarity(gen_features, gt_features)
- diversity_coef * mean_pairwise_similarity(gen_features)
```
- **Alignment**: How closely the generated output's internal representations match the ground truth. Higher is better.
- **Diversity**: Penalizes generated samples that are too similar to each other (prevents mode collapse). Lower is better.
- **CFM loss** (Cross-Feature Matching): Tracks `||mean(gen_features) - gt_features||^2` as a diagnostic. This is the quantity that EBFT ultimately minimizes.
## Modes
EBFT supports three operational modes, each suited to different use cases.
### Structured Mode (Sync)
Uses vLLM on a separate GPU for generation, with sequential generate-score-train steps. This is the simplest mode and recommended for getting started.
```
GPU 0: vLLM Server (generates completions, receives weight syncs)
GPU 1: Trainer (feature extraction, reward computation, GRPO training)
```
**When to use**: Standard instruction-following or QA datasets where you have prompt/completion pairs. Requires 2 GPUs.
### Structured Mode (Async)
Same architecture as sync, but overlaps generation of the next batch with training on the current batch. Faster throughput at the cost of slightly stale weights during generation.
**When to use**: Same data as sync mode, but when you want faster training and can tolerate weight staleness (controlled by `vllm_sync_interval`).
### Strided Mode
Runs entirely on a single GPU with no vLLM dependency. Places anchor points throughout a document and generates short rollouts at each anchor using block-parallel attention patterns.
```
Single GPU: Base model + LoRA adapter
- Strided block-parallel generation (flex_attention)
- Feature extraction via disable_adapter()
- No vLLM needed
```
**When to use**: Unstructured text data (raw code, prose, documents) where there is no natural prompt/completion split. Also works with structured data that includes prompt boundaries. Requires only 1 GPU.
## Quick Start
### Structured Mode
This minimal example fine-tunes Qwen2-0.5B on code data using EBFT with vLLM generation.
**Step 1**: Create a config file `ebft_quickstart.yaml`:
```yaml
base_model: Qwen/Qwen2-0.5B-Instruct
rl: ebft
ebft:
feature_layers: [0.25, 0.5, 0.75]
embed_method: last_token
alignment_coef: 1.0
diversity_coef: 1.0
trl:
num_generations: 4
max_completion_length: 256
temperature: 0.7
use_vllm: true
vllm_server_host: 0.0.0.0
vllm_server_port: 8000
vllm_lora_sync: true
vllm_sync_interval: 3
use_data_producer: true
async_prefetch: false
scale_rewards: true
loss_type: grpo
vllm:
gpu_memory_utilization: 0.5
max_model_len: 1024
datasets:
- path: nvidia/OpenCodeInstruct
type: ebft_opencode.transform
split: train[:500]
# Standard training settings (see getting-started.qmd for details)
adapter: lora
lora_r: 16
lora_alpha: 32
lora_target_linear: true
sequence_len: 1024
micro_batch_size: 2
gradient_accumulation_steps: 4
max_steps: 20
learning_rate: 5.0e-6
bf16: auto
flash_attention: true
gradient_checkpointing: true
output_dir: ./outputs/ebft-quickstart
```
**Step 2**: Start vLLM on GPU 0:
```bash
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl vllm-serve ebft_quickstart.yaml
```
**Step 3**: Wait approximately 30 seconds for vLLM to initialize, then start training on GPU 1:
```bash
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 axolotl train ebft_quickstart.yaml
```
::: {.callout-important}
The `micro_batch_size` must be divisible by `num_generations`. For example, with `num_generations: 4`, valid values are 4, 8, 12, etc.
:::
### Dataset Format
Structured mode datasets must produce two fields after the transform:
- `prompt`: Either a string or a list of chat messages (`[{"role": "user", "content": "..."}]`)
- `ground_truth`: A string containing the reference completion
Example raw dataset row:
```json
{
"input": "Write a function to compute fibonacci numbers.",
"output": "def fibonacci(n):\n if n <= 1:\n return n\n return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)"
}
```
The `ebft_opencode.transform` converts this to the required `{prompt, ground_truth}` format automatically.
## Feature Extraction
EBFT extracts hidden states from intermediate transformer layers and pools them into per-sequence embeddings. These embeddings are compared between generated and ground-truth completions to compute rewards.
### Feature Layers
The `feature_layers` parameter specifies which layers to extract, as fractions of total model depth:
```yaml
ebft:
feature_layers: [0.25, 0.5, 0.75] # Quarter, middle, three-quarter depth
```
For a 32-layer model, this extracts layers 8, 16, and 24. The hidden states from all selected layers are concatenated along the feature dimension, producing embeddings of size `num_layers * hidden_dim`.
::: {.callout-tip}
Using multiple layers captures both low-level syntactic features (early layers) and high-level semantic features (later layers). The default `[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]` works well across model sizes.
:::
### Embed Methods
The `embed_method` controls how per-token hidden states are pooled into a single vector per sequence:
| Method | Description | Output Shape | Notes |
|--------|-------------|-------------|-------|
| `last_token` | Hidden state at the last non-padding token | `(B, D)` | Default. Good for autoregressive models where the last token summarizes the sequence. |
| `mean_pooling` | Mean of all non-padding token states | `(B, D)` | Considers the entire sequence equally. |
| `completion_mean` | Mean over completion tokens only (excludes prompt) | `(B, D)` | Focuses reward signal on generated content. Requires prompt length information. |
| `concat` | Concatenation of states at 25%, 50%, 75% positions | `(B, 3*D)` | Captures positional structure. Higher dimensional. |
```yaml
ebft:
embed_method: completion_mean # Focus on completion features
```
### SVD Whitening
Whitening decorrelates the feature dimensions so that no single direction dominates the feature-matching loss. This is computed via SVD on the generated embeddings, with the same transform applied to the ground-truth embeddings.
```yaml
ebft:
use_whitening: true
```
When whitening is enabled, the reward computation applies a whitening matrix `W = U @ diag(1/S) @ U^T` derived from the SVD of generated embeddings. This ensures all feature dimensions contribute equally to the alignment reward.
::: {.callout-note}
Singular values scale with `sqrt(batch_size)`, so reward magnitudes are batch-size dependent. This is acceptable because the number of samples per prompt (`n_samples_per_prompt` or `num_generations`) is fixed during training.
:::
### Alignment and Diversity Coefficients
The two reward components are weighted by coefficients:
```yaml
ebft:
alignment_coef: 1.0 # Weight for cosine similarity with ground truth
diversity_coef: 1.0 # Weight for pairwise similarity penalty
```
Both values are scaled by 2 internally (per paper equation 7). The final reward per sample is:
```
reward_j = 2 * alignment_coef * cos(gen_j, gt)
- 2 * diversity_coef * (1/(n-1)) * sum_{j' != j} dot(gen_j, gen_j')
```
Setting `diversity_coef: 0.0` disables the diversity penalty entirely, which may be appropriate when `num_generations` is small (e.g., 2).
## Strided Mode
Strided mode is designed for training on unstructured text data where there is no natural prompt/completion boundary. Instead of generating full completions with vLLM, it places **anchor points** at regular intervals throughout each document and generates short rollouts at each anchor using block-parallel attention.
### How Block-Parallel Generation Works
Given a document of length `S` tokens:
1. **Anchor placement**: Starting at position `anchor_offset`, place anchors every `stride` tokens. Each anchor defines a block.
2. **Context window**: Each block sees `context_length` tokens of preceding context from the original document.
3. **Generation**: At each anchor, generate `generate_max_len` tokens autoregressively, conditioned only on the context window.
4. **Parallelism**: All blocks are processed in a single forward pass using a specialized attention mask that prevents information leakage between blocks.
```
Document: [tok0, tok1, ..., tok_S]
| | |
anchor_0 anchor_1 anchor_2
| | |
[ctx][gen] [ctx][gen] [ctx][gen]
```
The attention mask ensures:
- Prompt tokens use standard causal attention
- Each generated block attends to its own context window and its own preceding generated tokens
- Blocks do not attend to each other's generated tokens
When `flex_attention` is available (PyTorch >= 2.5), the mask is compiled into efficient fused kernels. Otherwise, a dense 4D attention mask is used as a fallback.
### Strided Mode Configuration
```yaml
base_model: meta-llama/Llama-3.2-1B
rl: ebft
ebft:
mode: strided
stride: 8 # Tokens between anchor points
context_length: 8 # Context window per block
generate_max_len: 8 # Tokens to generate per block
n_samples_per_prompt: 4 # Independent rollouts per document
temperature: 0.6
feature_layers: [0.25, 0.5, 0.75]
embed_method: last_token
use_whitening: true
alignment_coef: 1.0
diversity_coef: 1.0
rl_coef: 1.0 # RL policy gradient loss weight
ce_coef: 0.03 # Cross-entropy loss on GT tokens
advantage_estimator: rloo # rloo, group_norm, or reinforce
min_completion_prefix: 8 # Skip anchors in prompt region
datasets:
- path: nvidia/OpenCodeInstruct
type: ebft_strided_structured.transform
split: train[:1%]
sequence_len: 2048
micro_batch_size: 1
gradient_accumulation_steps: 2
adapter: lora
lora_r: 16
lora_alpha: 32
lora_target_linear: true
bf16: auto
flex_attention: true
gradient_checkpointing: true
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs:
use_reentrant: true # Required with flex_attention
```
Run with a single command (no vLLM needed):
```bash
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl train config.yaml
```
### Advantage Estimators
Strided mode supports three advantage estimation methods:
| Estimator | Formula | Requirements |
|-----------|---------|-------------|
| `rloo` | Leave-one-out baseline: `reward_j - mean(rewards_{-j})` | `n_samples_per_prompt >= 2` |
| `group_norm` | Group normalization: `(reward_j - mean) / std` | `n_samples_per_prompt >= 2` |
| `reinforce` | Raw reward as advantage (no baseline) | Works with `n_samples_per_prompt = 1` |
::: {.callout-warning}
When `n_samples_per_prompt: 1`, the trainer automatically falls back to `reinforce` and disables the diversity penalty (which requires multiple samples).
:::
### Strided Mode Constraints
- **`flex_attention: true`** is strongly recommended. Without it, dense 4D masks consume significantly more memory.
- **`torch_compile: true`** must NOT be set. `flex_attention` compiles its own kernels internally; adding `torch_compile` causes conflicts and OOM.
- **Gradient checkpointing** must use `use_reentrant: true`. Non-reentrant checkpointing causes `CheckpointError` with `flex_attention` block masks.
- **`activation_offloading`** is incompatible with `flex_attention`.
### Cross-Entropy Loss
Strided mode supports an optional cross-entropy loss term on ground-truth tokens. This acts as a regularizer to prevent the model from drifting too far from the original distribution:
```yaml
ebft:
ce_coef: 0.03 # Small CE coefficient
rl_coef: 1.0 # RL loss coefficient
```
The total loss is `rl_coef * rl_loss + ce_coef * ce_loss`. For structured mode, `ce_coef` is typically `0.0` since vLLM generation provides sufficient learning signal.
## Dataset Formats
EBFT provides several built-in dataset transforms in `src/axolotl/prompt_strategies/ebft/`.
### Built-In Transforms
| Transform | Input Format | Output Fields | Use Case |
|-----------|-------------|---------------|----------|
| `ebft_opencode.transform` | `{input, output}` | `{prompt, ground_truth}` | OpenCodeInstruct, structured QA |
| `ebft_strided_structured.transform` | `{input, output}` | `{input_ids, labels, prompt_length}` | Strided mode with structured data |
| `ebft_strided_chat.transform` | `{messages: [...]}` | `{input_ids, labels, prompt_length}` | Strided mode with chat data |
| `ebft_chat_multiturn.transform` | `{messages: [...]}` | `{prompt, ground_truth, remaining_turns}` | Multi-turn: first-turn target |
| `ebft_chat_multiturn.transform_last_turn` | `{messages: [...]}` | `{prompt, ground_truth}` | Multi-turn: last-turn target |
| `ebft_chat_multiturn.transform_all_turns` | `{messages: [...]}` | `{prompt[], ground_truth[]}` | Multi-turn: one example per turn |
| `ebft_reasoning.transform` | `{messages: [...]}` (with `<think>`) | `{prompt, ground_truth}` | Reasoning/thinking datasets |
### Structured Mode Datasets
For structured (sync/async) mode, the transform must produce `prompt` and `ground_truth` fields:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: nvidia/OpenCodeInstruct
type: ebft_opencode.transform
split: train[:500]
```
### Multi-Turn Datasets
Multi-turn transforms extract conversation data for sequential rollout. The `transform` variant targets the first assistant turn, while `transform_last_turn` targets the final turn:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: your/multiturn-dataset
type: ebft_chat_multiturn.transform
```
When `remaining_turns` is present in the dataset output, the trainer performs sequential rollouts: it generates the first assistant turn with vLLM, then continues generating subsequent turns by building up the conversation history.
### Strided Mode Datasets
Strided transforms tokenize the full document and produce `input_ids`, `labels`, and `prompt_length`:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: nvidia/OpenCodeInstruct
type: ebft_strided_structured.transform
split: train[:1%]
```
### Custom Transforms
To use your own dataset format, write a transform function:
```python
def transform(cfg, **kwargs):
def transform_fn(example, tokenizer=None):
return {
"prompt": [{"role": "user", "content": example["question"]}],
"ground_truth": example["answer"],
}
return transform_fn, {"remove_columns": "__all__"}
```
The `"__all__"` sentinel removes all original dataset columns after the mapping step. Reference this transform in your config:
```yaml
datasets:
- path: your/dataset
type: your_module.transform
```
## Configuration Reference
### Common Parameters (All Modes)
These parameters are set under the `ebft:` key in the YAML config.
| Parameter | Type | Default | Description |
|-----------|------|---------|-------------|
| `mode` | `"structured"` or `"strided"` | `"structured"` | EBFT operating mode |
| `feature_layers` | `list[float]` | `[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]` | Fractional layer depths for feature extraction |
| `embed_method` | `string` | `"last_token"` | Pooling method: `last_token`, `mean_pooling`, `completion_mean`, or `concat` |
| `use_whitening` | `bool` | `false` | Apply SVD whitening to feature embeddings before reward computation |
| `alignment_coef` | `float` | `1.0` | Weight for alignment reward (cosine similarity with ground truth) |
| `diversity_coef` | `float` | `1.0` | Weight for diversity penalty (pairwise dot product between samples) |
| `ce_coef` | `float` | `0.0` | Cross-entropy loss coefficient on ground-truth tokens |
| `adaptive_max_tokens` | `bool` | `true` | Dynamically set vLLM `max_tokens` based on ground-truth length (structured mode) |
| `gt_length_multiplier` | `float` | `1.5` | Multiplier for ground-truth token count when computing adaptive max tokens (min 0.1) |
### Strided Mode Parameters
These additional parameters apply only when `mode: strided`.
| Parameter | Type | Default | Description |
|-----------|------|---------|-------------|
| `stride` | `int` | `8` | Number of tokens between anchor points (must be >= 1) |
| `context_length` | `int` | `8` | Context window size for each generated block (must be >= 1) |
| `generate_max_len` | `int` | `8` | Number of tokens to generate per block (must be >= 1) |
| `n_samples_per_prompt` | `int` | `4` | Number of independent rollouts per document (must be >= 1) |
| `temperature` | `float` | `0.6` | Sampling temperature for strided generation |
| `top_p` | `float` | `1.0` | Top-p nucleus sampling threshold |
| `rl_coef` | `float` | `1.0` | RL policy gradient loss coefficient |
| `advantage_estimator` | `string` | `"rloo"` | Advantage estimation method: `rloo`, `group_norm`, or `reinforce` |
| `min_completion_prefix` | `int` | `0` | Minimum tokens into the completion span before placing anchors |
### Structured Mode TRL Parameters
These are set under the `trl:` key and control the GRPO training loop.
| Parameter | Type | Default | Description |
|-----------|------|---------|-------------|
| `num_generations` | `int` | -- | Number of completions generated per prompt |
| `max_completion_length` | `int` | -- | Maximum tokens per generated completion |
| `temperature` | `float` | `0.7` | Sampling temperature for vLLM generation |
| `use_vllm` | `bool` | -- | Enable vLLM generation backend |
| `vllm_lora_sync` | `bool` | `false` | Sync LoRA adapters via filesystem (recommended) |
| `vllm_sync_interval` | `int` | `1` | Steps between weight syncs to vLLM |
| `use_data_producer` | `bool` | -- | Required for sync mode with LoRA sync |
| `async_prefetch` | `bool` | `false` | Enable async generation (overlaps with training) |
| `streaming_partial_batch` | `bool` | `false` | Score groups incrementally (async mode) |
| `skip_zero_advantage_batches` | `bool` | `false` | Skip micro-batches where all advantages are zero |
| `scale_rewards` | `bool` | -- | Normalize rewards within each prompt group |
| `loss_type` | `string` | `"grpo"` | Loss type for policy optimization |
| `epsilon` | `float` | `0.2` | Clipping parameter for importance sampling |
### Stop Tokens
vLLM needs explicit stop token IDs for generation. Common configurations:
```yaml
trl:
generation_kwargs:
stop_token_ids: [151645, 151643] # Qwen: <|im_end|>, <|endoftext|>
```
### Multi-Turn Chat Settings
For multi-turn conversations with Qwen3.5, disable thinking mode to prevent `<think>` tags in completions:
```yaml
trl:
chat_template_kwargs:
enable_thinking: false
```
## Monitoring
### Key Metrics
EBFT logs several custom metrics to wandb and the training console. Here is what to watch for:
| Metric | Healthy Range | Interpretation |
|--------|--------------|----------------|
| `ebft/alignment` | 0.3 -- 0.9, trending upward | Cosine similarity between generated and ground-truth features. Higher means the model is learning to produce representations that match the reference. |
| `ebft/diversity` | 0.01 -- 0.1 | Mean pairwise similarity between different generations for the same prompt. Values above 1.0 indicate mode collapse. |
| `ebft/cfm_loss` | Below 10, trending downward | Cross-Feature Matching loss. This is the core quantity being minimized. Consistently above 100 indicates instability. |
| `ebft/reward` | Trending upward (may start negative) | Combined reward signal. If stuck at -1.0, the diversity penalty is dominating alignment. |
| `grad_norm` | 0.1 -- 3.0 | Gradient magnitude. Values of 0.0 indicate zero-advantage skip (normal). Values above 10 suggest instability. |
| `entropy` | 0.05 -- 0.5 | Policy entropy. Values below 0.01 suggest mode collapse. |
| `IS ratio min` | Above 0.1 | Importance sampling ratio minimum. Near-zero values mean the policy is too far off-policy; increase `vllm_sync_interval`. |
### Console Log Example
During training, you will see periodic EBFT reward logs:
```
ebft reward | align +0.412 ^ | divers +0.023 v | cfm 4.231 v | reward +0.389 ^
```
The arrows indicate the desired direction: alignment and reward should trend upward, while diversity and CFM loss should trend downward.
### Troubleshooting
| Symptom | Likely Cause | Fix |
|---------|-------------|-----|
| `alignment` stays below 0.1 | Feature layers not capturing useful information | Try different `feature_layers` or `embed_method` |
| `diversity` exceeds 1.0 | Mode collapse -- generations are too similar | Increase `diversity_coef` or `temperature` |
| `reward` stuck at -1.0 | Diversity penalty dominates alignment | Reduce `diversity_coef` or increase `alignment_coef` |
| `grad_norm` consistently 0.0 | All micro-batches have zero advantage | Increase `num_generations` or check data quality |
| `CheckpointError` in strided mode | Incompatible gradient checkpointing settings | Set `use_reentrant: true` in `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs` |
| OOM during training | Logits tensor too large | Reduce `sequence_len` or `micro_batch_size`; strided mode uses chunked lm_head to mitigate this |
| vLLM 500 errors | `truncate_prompt_tokens` not supported | Ensure you are using `axolotl vllm-serve` (not `trl vllm-serve`) |
### Feature Network Memory
In PEFT (LoRA) mode, the feature network shares base weights with the actor model by using the `disable_adapter()` context manager. This saves an entire model copy in VRAM (approximately 1--16 GB depending on model size). For non-PEFT training, a separate frozen deepcopy is created.
::: {.callout-note}
The `disable_adapter()` approach relies on an invariant: `merge_adapter()` is never called on the base weights. All weight sync paths (LoRA sync, HTTP, NCCL) compute merged weights as new tensors or save the adapter to the filesystem, leaving base weights unmodified.
:::
## Examples
Complete example configurations are available in `examples/ebft/`:
| Config | Model | Mode | Description |
|--------|-------|------|-------------|
| `llama-1b-ebft-strided-structured.yaml` | Llama 3.2 1B | Strided | Single-GPU strided training on code data |
| `qwen3-4b-ebft-structured.yaml` | Qwen3 4B | Structured (sync) | Two-GPU structured training |
| `qwen3-4b-ebft-structured-async.yaml` | Qwen3 4B | Structured (async) | Two-GPU async training with prefetch |
| `qwen3-8b-ebft-structured.yaml` | Qwen3 8B | Structured (sync) | Two-GPU structured training for larger model |
| `qwen35-4b-ebft-structured.yaml` | Qwen3.5 4B | Structured (sync) | Two-GPU with Qwen3.5 |
| `qwen35-4b-ebft-structured-async.yaml` | Qwen3.5 4B | Structured (async) | Two-GPU async with Qwen3.5 |
| `qwen35-9b-ebft-structured.yaml` | Qwen3.5 9B | Structured (sync) | Two-GPU structured for 9B model |

View File

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
---
title: "MoE Expert Quantization"
description: "Reduce VRAM usage when training MoE model adapters by quantizing expert weights on load"
---
Transformers v5 changed MoE expert layers from `nn.Linear` to fused `nn.Parameter` (3D+ tensors).
This means `bitsandbytes` can no longer quantize them during model loading, resulting in all expert
weights being loaded in full bf16 precision and causing massive VRAM usage.
`quantize_moe_experts` solves this by quantizing expert weights during model loading.
It intercepts the weight loading process, quantizes each expert tensor on the fly, and
immediately frees the original bf16 tensor from VRAM. This dramatically reduces peak memory.
For example, GLM-4.7-Flash QLoRA drops from ~127GiB to ~23GiB reserved memory.
## Usage
Enable expert quantization in your Axolotl config:
```yaml
quantize_moe_experts: true
```
This works with both 4-bit (QLoRA) and 8-bit (LoRA) quantization.
### Expert LoRA targeting
You can optionally apply LoRA adapters directly to expert weights using `lora_target_parameters`:
```yaml
lora_target_parameters:
- mlp.experts.gate_up_proj
- mlp.experts.down_proj
# - mlp.gate.weight # router
```
::: {.callout-note}
`lora_dropout` must be `0` when using `lora_target_parameters`.
:::
## Requirements
- Requires (`adapter: lora` and `load_in_8bit: true`) or (`adapter: qlora` and `load_in_4bit: true`)
- CUDA GPUs only (not tested with ROCm or other backends)
- FSDP2 compatible for distributed training
## Limitations
- `lora_target_linear` is not compatible with `quantize_moe_experts`. See [Expert LoRA targeting](#expert-lora-targeting) instead.
- `cpu_ram_efficient_loading` hangs / takes long time with FSDP2 + QLoRA.
- Total model parameter count may display incorrectly (trainable param count is correct).
- FSDP LoRA (8-bit) may have a large initial VRAM spike at the first 1-2 steps, which then drops. QLoRA does not exhibit this.
- FSDP2 may use more VRAM per GPU than single GPU training due to not all layers being properly sharded across ranks.
- Model loading takes longer due to on-demand quantization, even on consecutive runs.
- DeepSpeed has not been tested.
## Implementation details
The quantization is applied by patching transformers to intercept weight loading.
When a 3D+ CUDA tensor with "expert" in its name is detected:
- **4-bit mode:** Uses bitsandbytes NF4 parametrization (configurable via `bnb_4bit_quant_type`).
- **8-bit mode:** Uses a custom row-wise int8 parametrization with bitsandbytes dequantization.
The original bf16 tensor is freed immediately after quantization. Multiple sub-patches are applied to
transformers, PEFT and accelerate FSDP2 to support these parametrized expert modules.
For full implementation details, see [PR #3439](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3439).

View File

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ description: Frequently asked questions
> A: Usually an issue with the GPUs communicating with each other. See the [NCCL doc](nccl.qmd)
**Q: exitcode: -9**
**Q: Exitcode -9**
> A: This usually happens when you run out of system RAM.
**Q: exitcode: -7 while using deepspeed**
**Q: Exitcode -7 while using deepspeed**
> A: Try upgrading deepspeed w: `pip install -U deepspeed`
@@ -51,26 +51,6 @@ description: Frequently asked questions
> pad_token: "..."
> ```
**Q: `IterableDataset error` or `KeyError: 'input_ids'` when using `preprocess` CLI**
> A: This is because you may be using `preprocess` CLI with `pretraining_dataset:` or `skip_prepare_dataset: true` respectively. Please use `axolotl train` CLI directly instead as these datasets are prepared on demand.
**Q: vLLM is not working with Axolotl**
> A: We currently recommend torch 2.10 for use with `vllm`. Please ensure you use the right version. For Docker, please use the `main-py3.12-cu128-2.10.0` tag (note: torch 2.10 images are built with Python 3.12).
**Q: FA2 2.8.0 `undefined symbol` runtime error on CUDA 12.4**
> A: There seems to be a wheel issue with FA2 2.8.0 on CUDA 12.4. Try CUDA 12.6 instead or downgrade to FA2 2.7.4. Please refer to the upstream issue: https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/issues/1717.
**Q: Can we mix text and text+image datasets for VLM training?**
> A: Yes, you can for newer VLM arch. The ones that would not work are LLaVA / Pixtral arch. If you notice one not working, please let us know!
**Q: Why is `memory/max_*` different from `nvidia-smi`?**
> A: We use `torch` APIs to retrieve this information. You can see https://docs.pytorch.org/docs/stable/notes/cuda.html#cuda-memory-management for more information.
### Chat templates
**Q: `jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'dict object' has no attribute 'content' / 'role' / ____`**
@@ -130,25 +110,3 @@ description: Frequently asked questions
> A: If `eot_tokens: ` is not provided, the default behavior is the same as before. EOS tokens used to delimit turns are masked/unmasked depending on whether the turn is trainable.
> Internally, `eot_tokens: tokenizer.eos_token` and `train_on_eot: train_on_eos` (which defaults to `turn`). This transition helps clarify the naming and behavior of EOT/EOS tokens.
**Q: `Data processing error: CAS service error`**
> A: Try disabling XET with `export HF_HUB_DISABLE_XET=1`
**Q: `torch._inductor.exc.LoweringException: NoValidChoicesError: No choices to select, please consider adding ATEN into max_autotune_gemm_backends config (defined in torch/_inductor/config.py) to allow at least one choice. `**
> A: Depending on the version of torch, you may need to include this in your YAML:
> ```yaml
> flex_attn_compile_kwargs:
> dynamic: false
> mode: max-autotune-no-cudagraphs
> ```
**Q: `ValueError("Backward pass should have cleared tracker of all tensors")`
> A: This may happen due to edge cases in using the modern OffloadActivations context manager for CUDA streams. If you encounter this error, you may have success using the naive implementation with `offload_activations: legacy` in your YAML.
**Q: `Error parsing tool_calls arguments as JSON.`
> A: There is an error parsing string arguments to a dict. Please check your dataset and the error message for more details.

View File

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
---
title: "FSDP + QLoRA"
title: "FDSP + QLoRA"
description: Use FSDP with QLoRA to fine-tune large LLMs on consumer GPUs.
format:
html:
@@ -20,15 +20,9 @@ To enable `QLoRA` with `FSDP`, you need to perform the following steps:
> See the [example config](#example-config) file in addition to reading these instructions.
1. Set `adapter: qlora` in your axolotl config file.
2. Enable FSDP in your axolotl config, as [described here](multi-gpu.qmd#sec-fsdp).
2. Enable FSDP in your axolotl config, as [described here](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl?tab=readme-ov-file#fsdp).
3. Use one of the supported model types: `llama`, `mistral` or `mixtral`.
## Enabling Swap for FSDP2
If available memory is insufficient even after FSDP's CPU offloading, you can enable swap memory usage by setting `cpu_offload_pin_memory: false` alongside `offload_params: true` in FSDP config.
This disables memory pinning, allowing FSDP to use disk swap space as fallback. Disabling memory pinning itself incurs performance overhead, and actually having to use swap adds more, but it may enable training larger models that would otherwise cause OOM errors on resource constrained systems.
## Example Config
[examples/llama-2/qlora-fsdp.yml](../examples/llama-2/qlora-fsdp.yml) contains an example of how to enable QLoRA + FSDP in axolotl.

View File

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ output_dir: ./outputs/lora-out
- To perform QLoRA finetuning, replace with `load_in_4bit: true` and `adapter: qlora`.
:::
See our [config options](config-reference.qmd) for more details.
See our [Config options](config.qmd) for more details.
### Training {#sec-training}
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ the `alpaca` dataset format, which has the following format:
Please see our [Dataset Formats](dataset-formats) for more dataset formats and how to
format them.
2. Prepare your JSONL data in the specified format (in this case, the expected `alpaca`
2. Prepare your JSONL data in the specified format (in this case, the expected `alpaca
format):
```json
@@ -120,12 +120,6 @@ axolotl train my_training.yml
## Common Tasks {#sec-common-tasks}
::: {.callout-tip}
The same yaml file is used for training, inference, and merging.
:::
### Testing Your Model {#sec-testing}
After training, test your model:
@@ -134,16 +128,6 @@ After training, test your model:
axolotl inference my_training.yml --lora-model-dir="./outputs/lora-out"
```
More details can be found in [Inference](inference.qmd).
### Using a UI {#sec-ui}
Launch a Gradio interface:
```bash
axolotl inference my_training.yml --lora-model-dir="./outputs/lora-out" --gradio
```
### Preprocessing Data {#sec-preprocessing}
For large datasets, preprocess first:
@@ -152,44 +136,26 @@ For large datasets, preprocess first:
axolotl preprocess my_training.yml
```
Please make sure to set `dataset_prepared_path: ` in your config to set the path to save the prepared dataset.
### Using a UI {#sec-ui}
More details can be found in [Dataset Preprocessing](dataset_preprocessing.qmd).
### Merging LoRA weights {#sec-merging-lora}
To merge the LoRA weights back into the base model, run:
Launch a Gradio interface:
```bash
axolotl merge-lora my_training.yml --lora-model-dir="./outputs/lora-out"
axolotl inference my_training.yml --lora-model-dir="./outputs/lora-out" --gradio
```
The merged model will be saved in the `{output_dir}/merged` directory.
More details can be found in [Merging LoRA weights](inference.qmd#sec-merging).
## Next Steps {#sec-next-steps}
Now that you have the basics, explore these guides based on what you want to do:
Now that you have the basics, you might want to:
**Choose your path:**
- Try different model architectures
- Experiment with hyperparameters
- Use more advanced training methods
- Scale up to larger models
- [Choosing a Fine-Tuning Method](choosing_method.qmd) — SFT vs LoRA vs QLoRA vs GRPO vs DPO, with hardware recommendations
Check our other guides for details on these topics:
**Core guides:**
- [Dataset Loading](dataset_loading.qmd) — Loading datasets from various sources
- [Dataset Formats](dataset-formats) — Working with different data formats
- [Optimizations](optimizations.qmd) — Flash attention, gradient checkpointing, sample packing
- [Training Stability & Debugging](training_stability.qmd) — Monitoring metrics, fixing NaN, OOM debugging
**Advanced training methods:**
- [RLHF / Preference Learning](rlhf.qmd) — DPO, KTO, GRPO, EBFT
- [GRPO Training](grpo.qmd) — RL with custom rewards and vLLM generation
- [vLLM Serving](vllm_serving.qmd) — Setting up vLLM for GRPO
**Scaling up:**
- [Multi-GPU Training](multi-gpu.qmd) — DeepSpeed, FSDP, DDP
- [Multi-Node Training](multi-node.qmd) — Distributed training across machines
- [Configuration Guide](config.qmd) - Full configuration options
- [Dataset Formats](dataset-formats) - Working with different data formats
- [Multi-GPU Training](multi-gpu.qmd)
- [Multi-Node Training](multi-node.qmd)

View File

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
---
title: Gradient Checkpointing, Activation Offloading, and Layer Offloading
---
Gradient checkpointing and activation offloading are techniques used to optimize the performance of deep learning
models by reducing the memory footprint and improving computational efficiency.
### Enabling Gradient Checkpointing
```yaml
gradient_checkpointing: true
```
### Enabling Activation Offloading
```yaml
gradient_checkpointing: true # required for activation offloading
activation_offloading: true
```
Activation offloading variants:
The default `activation_offloading: true` offloads activations to CPU and uses CUDA streams
to overlap the communications and computations when offloading.
The `activation_offloading: legacy` naively offloads activations to CPU and without additional optimizations.
For resource constrained environments with limited CPU memory, `activation_offloading: disk` offloads
activations to disk instead of CPU RAM so that much larger context lengths can be trained with minimal memory.
### Enabling Layer Offloading
```yaml
layer_offloading: true
```
Layer offloading reduces GPU memory usage by moving frozen (non-trainable) decoder layer parameters to CPU
and streaming them back to GPU one layer at a time during the forward and backward passes. This is
particularly useful for LoRA/QLoRA training where most of the model's parameters are frozen — only the
trainable adapter weights stay on GPU permanently.
During training, forward and backward hooks on each decoder layer handle the transfer automatically:
- **Forward pass:** Before a layer executes, its frozen params are loaded to GPU. The next layer is
prefetched asynchronously on a separate CUDA stream for overlap.
- **Backward pass:** Same pattern in reverse — the current layer's frozen params are loaded and the
previous layer is prefetched.
After each layer finishes, its frozen params are offloaded back to CPU pinned memory.
This approach trades some CPU-GPU transfer overhead for significant GPU memory savings — the freed memory
is roughly equal to the size of all frozen parameters across all decoder layers, minus one layer's worth
that is kept on GPU at any given time.
**Requirements:**
- CUDA GPU (CPU-only training is not supported for this feature)
- Works with any HuggingFace model architecture that uses decoder layers (Llama, Mistral, Qwen, etc.)
- Best combined with LoRA/QLoRA where most parameters are frozen

View File

@@ -1,611 +0,0 @@
---
title: "GRPO Training"
description: "Group Relative Policy Optimization — a reinforcement learning method for training language models with verifiable reward functions."
order: 8
---
## Overview
Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a reinforcement learning method that improves language models by generating multiple completions per prompt, scoring them with reward functions, and using the relative ranking within each group to compute advantage estimates. Unlike DPO, which requires pre-collected preference pairs, GRPO generates its own training data online and can work with any programmatic reward signal (math correctness, format compliance, code execution results, etc.).
Use GRPO when you have a task with a verifiable reward signal and want the model to discover solution strategies on its own. Use DPO when you already have human preference data. Use SFT when you have gold-standard completions to imitate directly.
Axolotl's GRPO implementation builds on TRL and adds async generation, streaming scoring, importance sampling correction, replay buffers, and multi-GPU scaling via FSDP and DeepSpeed.
## Architecture
GRPO training uses a two-process architecture: a vLLM server for fast generation and a trainer process for scoring and gradient updates.
```
Terminal 1 (GPU 0) Terminal 2 (GPU 1)
┌──────────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
│ vLLM Server │ │ Trainer │
│ │ HTTP │ │
│ Serves base model │◄────────────►│ Background thread: │
│ + LoRA adapter │ /generate │ Send prompts to vLLM │
│ │ /set_lora │ Pad & collate completions │
│ Punica kernels for │ │ │
│ LoRA inference │ │ Main thread: │
│ │ │ Score completions (rewards) │
└──────────────────────┘ │ Compute policy log-probs │
│ Calculate advantages │
│ PPO-clip gradient update │
│ Sync LoRA weights to vLLM │
└──────────────────────────────────┘
```
**Data flow for each training step:**
1. The background thread sends prompts to vLLM, which generates `num_generations` completions per prompt.
2. The main thread scores completions using your reward functions.
3. Advantages are computed within each prompt group (group-relative normalization).
4. Policy log-probabilities are computed by running a forward pass on the training model.
5. The PPO-clip loss is computed and gradients are applied.
6. Periodically, LoRA adapter weights are synced back to vLLM so future generations reflect the updated policy.
With async prefetch enabled, step 1 for the *next* batch runs concurrently with steps 2-6 for the *current* batch.
## Quick Start
A GRPO training run requires three components: a YAML config, a reward module (Python file), and a running vLLM server.
### 1. Write a reward module
Create a file called `rewards.py` in your working directory:
```python
# rewards.py
import re
def accuracy_reward(completions, answer, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
"""Check if the completion contains the correct numerical answer."""
rewards = []
for completion, correct in zip(completions, answer):
text = completion[0]["content"]
# Extract the last number from the completion
numbers = re.findall(r"-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?", text)
predicted = numbers[-1] if numbers else ""
rewards.append(1.0 if predicted == str(correct) else 0.0)
return rewards
def format_reward(completions, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
"""Reward completions that use a structured thinking format."""
rewards = []
for completion in completions:
text = completion[0]["content"]
has_think = "<think>" in text and "</think>" in text
has_answer = "<answer>" in text and "</answer>" in text
rewards.append(1.0 if has_think and has_answer else 0.0)
return rewards
def prompt_transform(cfg, *args, **kwargs):
"""Convert GSM8K dataset rows into chat prompts."""
def transform_fn(example, tokenizer=None):
label = example["answer"].split("####")[-1].strip().replace(",", "")
return {
"prompt": [
{"role": "system", "content": "Solve the math problem. Show your reasoning in <think> tags and your final numerical answer in <answer> tags."},
{"role": "user", "content": example["question"]},
],
"answer": label,
}
return transform_fn, {"remove_columns": ["question"]}
```
### 2. Write the config
Create `config.yaml`:
```yaml
base_model: Qwen/Qwen2.5-1.5B-Instruct
rl: grpo
chat_template: tokenizer_default
vllm:
host: 0.0.0.0
port: 8000
gpu_memory_utilization: 0.85
dtype: auto
max_model_len: 2048
adapter: lora
lora_r: 32
lora_alpha: 64
lora_target_linear: true
trl:
use_vllm: true
use_data_producer: true
vllm_server_host: 0.0.0.0
vllm_server_port: 8000
vllm_server_timeout: 300
vllm_lora_sync: true
num_generations: 8
max_completion_length: 512
temperature: 0.7
reward_funcs:
- rewards.accuracy_reward
- rewards.format_reward
reward_weights:
- 1.0
- 0.5
datasets:
- path: openai/gsm8k
name: main
type: rewards.prompt_transform
split: train
skip_prepare_dataset: true
val_set_size: 0.0
sequence_len: 512
micro_batch_size: 2
gradient_accumulation_steps: 4
max_steps: 200
learning_rate: 5.0e-6
optimizer: adamw_torch_fused
lr_scheduler: cosine
warmup_steps: 10
bf16: true
flash_attention: true
gradient_checkpointing: true
special_tokens:
pad_token: "<|endoftext|>"
output_dir: ./grpo-output
logging_steps: 1
```
### 3. Start vLLM and train
```bash
# Terminal 1: Start vLLM server on GPU 0
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl vllm-serve config.yaml
# Wait 30-90 seconds for model loading and CUDA graph capture
# Terminal 2: Train on GPU 1
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 axolotl train config.yaml
```
:::{.callout-tip}
Use `tmux` or separate terminal sessions to manage the two processes. The vLLM server must remain running for the entire training duration.
:::
## Custom Reward Functions
### Function signature
TRL calls reward functions with this signature:
```python
def my_reward(completions, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
```
- `completions` is a list of single-element lists, where each element is a dict `{"role": "assistant", "content": "..."}`. So `completions[i][0]["content"]` gives you the text of the i-th completion.
- `**kwargs` contains all dataset columns that were *not* removed by the dataset transform. This is how you pass ground truth answers, metadata, or any other information to your reward function.
- Return a `list[float]` with the same length as `completions`. You may return `None` for individual elements to exclude them from aggregation.
### Example: accuracy reward with answer extraction
```python
def accuracy_reward(completions, answer, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
rewards = []
for completion, correct_answer in zip(completions, answer):
text = completion[0]["content"]
# Extract answer from <answer>...</answer> tags
match = re.search(r"<answer>(.*?)</answer>", text, re.DOTALL)
predicted = match.group(1).strip() if match else ""
rewards.append(1.0 if predicted == str(correct_answer) else 0.0)
return rewards
```
### Example: length penalty
```python
def length_penalty(completions, **kwargs) -> list[float]:
"""Penalize very short or very long completions."""
rewards = []
for completion in completions:
length = len(completion[0]["content"])
if length < 50:
rewards.append(-0.5)
elif length > 2000:
rewards.append(-0.2)
else:
rewards.append(0.0)
return rewards
```
### Multiple rewards and weighting
You can combine multiple reward functions with different weights:
```yaml
trl:
reward_funcs:
- rewards.accuracy_reward
- rewards.format_reward
- rewards.length_penalty
reward_weights:
- 1.0 # accuracy is most important
- 0.5 # format compliance
- 0.1 # mild length preference
```
Rewards are combined by the `multi_objective_aggregation` strategy:
- `sum_then_normalize` (default): weights and sums all rewards first, then normalizes across the group.
- `normalize_then_sum` (GDPO): normalizes each reward independently, then sums. This prevents one reward from dominating and is recommended when using multiple reward functions with different scales.
```yaml
trl:
multi_objective_aggregation: normalize_then_sum
```
### Dataset transforms
The dataset transform converts raw HuggingFace dataset rows into chat-format prompts:
```python
def prompt_transform(cfg, *args, **kwargs):
def map_fn(example, tokenizer=None):
return {
"prompt": [
{"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant."},
{"role": "user", "content": example["question"]},
],
# Keep 'answer' column for the reward function
"answer": example["answer"],
}
# Remove columns consumed by the transform; keep columns needed by rewards
return map_fn, {"remove_columns": ["question"]}
```
The transform returns a tuple of `(map_function, kwargs_dict)`. The `remove_columns` in the kwargs dict removes columns that are no longer needed. Columns that your reward functions reference via `**kwargs` (like `answer`) must *not* be removed.
:::{.callout-warning}
The reward module must be importable from the directory where you run `axolotl train`. If your reward file is `rewards.py`, the import path is `rewards.accuracy_reward`. If it is inside a package `my_rewards/scoring.py`, use `my_rewards.scoring.accuracy_reward`.
:::
### Reward models (neural network rewards)
Instead of a Python function, you can pass a HuggingFace model path as a reward function. TRL will load it as a reward model and use its scalar output as the reward:
```yaml
trl:
reward_funcs:
- OpenAssistant/reward-model-deberta-v3-large-v2
- rewards.format_reward
reward_weights:
- 1.0
- 0.3
```
### Using math_verify
The `math_verify` library provides robust mathematical answer verification but uses `signal.alarm()` internally, which only works in the main thread. If you use `math_verify` in a reward function, set `reward_num_workers` to use subprocess workers:
```yaml
trl:
reward_num_workers: 4
```
Each worker runs in its own subprocess with its own main thread, so `signal.alarm()` works correctly.
## vLLM Setup
GRPO requires a running vLLM server for generation. For a complete guide on server modes, LoRA sync, weight synchronization, and restart procedures, see [vLLM Serving](vllm_serving.qmd).
The minimal setup:
```yaml
vllm:
host: 0.0.0.0
port: 8000
gpu_memory_utilization: 0.85
trl:
use_vllm: true
vllm_lora_sync: true # Recommended with LoRA — faster sync, no NCCL contention
vllm_sync_interval: 5 # Sync weights every 5 steps
```
```bash
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl vllm-serve config.yaml # GPU 0: vLLM
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 axolotl train config.yaml # GPU 1: training
```
:::{.callout-warning}
vLLM must be restarted between experiments — stale weight syncs corrupt server state. See [Restart Requirements](vllm_serving.qmd#sec-restart).
:::
## Async Training Features
Async GRPO overlaps generation and training to reduce wall-clock time. While the model trains on the current batch, the next batch is already being generated by vLLM.
### Enabling async prefetch
```yaml
trl:
use_data_producer: true
async_prefetch: true
prefetch_depth: 1
vllm_sync_interval: 2
```
- `use_data_producer: true` enables the data producer protocol (required for all async features).
- `async_prefetch: true` runs generation in a background thread.
- `prefetch_depth` controls how many batches to prefetch ahead (1 is usually sufficient).
- `vllm_sync_interval` controls how often LoRA weights are synced to vLLM (every N optimizer steps). Lower values mean fresher generations but more sync overhead.
:::{.callout-tip}
Because the background thread generates with slightly stale model weights, async mode benefits from importance sampling correction (see next section). Enable `vllm_importance_sampling_correction: true` when using `async_prefetch: true`.
:::
### Streaming partial batch
Instead of scoring the entire batch at once, streaming mode scores one prompt group at a time. This reduces peak memory during scoring and enables finer-grained zero-advantage skipping.
```yaml
trl:
streaming_partial_batch: true
streaming_min_groups: 1
```
`streaming_min_groups` controls the minimum number of prompt groups scored per chunk. Setting it to 1 gives maximum granularity.
### Zero-advantage batch skipping
When all advantages in a micro-batch are zero (every completion in the group got the same reward), there is no learning signal. This feature skips the forward/backward pass entirely for such micro-batches.
```yaml
trl:
skip_zero_advantage_batches: true # default
```
This is enabled by default and logged as `skipped_zero_adv_batches` in training metrics. It is a safety net, not a major optimization -- it only saves significant time when the model cannot solve any prompts in the batch.
### Replay buffer
The replay buffer caches rollout groups that had learning signal (non-zero reward variance) and replaces zero-signal groups in later batches. This improves data utilization when many prompts yield no reward variance.
```yaml
trl:
replay_buffer_size: 100
replay_recompute_logps: true
```
:::{.callout-warning}
When `replay_recompute_logps: false`, replayed data uses stale log-probabilities which creates an IS mismatch. Keep the default `true` unless you have a specific reason to disable it.
:::
### Deferred re-rolling
Prompts where the model gets zero reward for all generations are buffered and re-injected into later batches, when the model may have improved enough to produce useful completions.
```yaml
trl:
reroll_start_fraction: 0.5 # Start re-rolling after 50% of training
reroll_max_groups: 1 # Max groups to replace per batch
```
Set `reroll_start_fraction: 1.0` to disable. This is most useful for tasks where the model starts weak but steadily improves.
### Parallel reward workers
Reward functions that use `signal.alarm()` (like `math_verify`) only work in the main thread. Parallel reward workers run each function in its own subprocess:
```yaml
trl:
reward_num_workers: 4
```
Work is sharded across workers by prompt group. For simple reward functions, a single worker is usually sufficient -- the overhead of IPC can exceed the computation time.
## Importance Sampling and Off-Policy Correction
When using async prefetch, completions are generated from a slightly older policy. IS correction adjusts the gradient to account for this mismatch.
```yaml
trl:
vllm_importance_sampling_correction: true
importance_sampling_level: token # 'token' recommended (especially with Liger kernel)
off_policy_mask_threshold: 0.5 # KL threshold — masks sequences that are too off-policy
```
Use `token` level IS. Sequence-level has numerical issues with Liger's chunked computation. The `off_policy_mask_threshold` (OPSM) is a safety net that drops sequences where KL divergence exceeds the threshold — 0.5 is a reasonable starting point.
For detailed coverage of IS modes (`token_mask`, `token_truncate`, etc.), capping, and bias-corrected KL, see [vLLM Serving — IS Correction](vllm_serving.qmd#sec-weight-sync).
## Scaling
### FP8 training
FP8 quantization halves model VRAM usage with minimal impact on training quality. It does not significantly speed up computation for small models but allows larger models to fit in memory.
```yaml
fp8: true
torch_compile: true
```
:::{.callout-warning}
FP8 requires patching for zero-padding edge cases. The `act_quant_kernel` can produce NaN when input is all zeros (padding positions). If you see NaN in grad norms, check whether your padding token embedding is non-zero.
:::
### FSDP (Fully Sharded Data Parallel)
FSDP distributes model parameters across multiple GPUs for training while vLLM runs on a separate GPU:
```yaml
fsdp:
- full_shard
- auto_wrap
fsdp_config:
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Qwen2DecoderLayer
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs:
use_reentrant: false
```
Launch with:
```bash
# GPU 0: vLLM
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 axolotl vllm-serve config.yaml
# GPUs 0,1: Training (FSDP will use both visible GPUs)
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1 axolotl train config.yaml
```
:::{.callout-warning}
`async_prefetch: true` can deadlock with FSDP because background threads perform unsynchronized FSDP collectives across ranks. With multi-GPU FSDP, only rank 0 generates in the background thread and results are broadcast to all ranks. If you still see hangs, set `async_prefetch: false`.
:::
### DeepSpeed ZeRO-3
```yaml
deepspeed: deepspeed_configs/zero3_bf16.json
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs:
use_reentrant: true # Required -- non-reentrant causes CheckpointError with ZeRO-3
```
:::{.callout-note}
DeepSpeed ZeRO-3 requires `use_reentrant: true` for gradient checkpointing. This is the opposite of the FSDP recommendation. Non-reentrant checkpointing causes tensor metadata mismatches during recomputation with ZeRO-3's parameter partitioning.
:::
### Multi-GPU considerations
| Concern | Recommendation |
|---------|---------------|
| vLLM GPU allocation | Dedicate one or more GPUs to vLLM; do not share with trainer GPUs |
| Weight sync contention | Use `vllm_lora_sync: true` to avoid NCCL contention between training and vLLM |
| FSDP + async | Use `async_prefetch: false` or rely on rank-0-only background generation |
| DeepSpeed + gradient checkpoint | Must use `use_reentrant: true` |
| OOM during scoring | Reduce `micro_batch_size` or `num_generations`. The logits tensor scales with `batch_size * vocab_size` |
## Monitoring and Debugging
For detailed metric ranges, failure diagnosis, and OOM debugging, see [Training Stability & Debugging](training_stability.qmd).
Quick health checks during GRPO training:
- `rewards/*/mean` should be > 0.15 within 20 steps — if it stays at 0, test your reward function standalone
- `reward_std` should be > 0 on most steps — all-zero means no learning signal
- `entropy` in 0.05-0.5 — below 0.01 suggests mode collapse
- `grad_norm` in 0.001-1.0 — > 10 is unstable, 0.0 is expected when zero-advantage skip fires
:::{.callout-tip}
Pipe training output to a log file: `axolotl train config.yaml 2>&1 | tee /tmp/training.log`
:::
## Configuration Reference
All GRPO-specific options live under the `trl:` key in your config. Standard training options (`learning_rate`, `micro_batch_size`, etc.) are set at the top level as usual.
### Core GRPO
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `use_vllm` | bool | `false` | Enable vLLM for generation |
| `vllm_mode` | `"server"` or `"colocate"` | `null` | vLLM deployment mode |
| `vllm_server_host` | str | `"0.0.0.0"` | vLLM server hostname |
| `vllm_server_port` | int | `8000` | vLLM server port |
| `vllm_server_timeout` | int | `null` | Timeout (seconds) for vLLM responses |
| `num_generations` | int | `null` | Completions generated per prompt |
| `generation_batch_size` | int | `null` | Number of unique prompts per generation step |
| `max_completion_length` | int | `null` | Maximum tokens per completion |
| `beta` | float | `null` | KL penalty coefficient |
| `num_iterations` | int | `null` | Iterations per batch (mu in the GRPO paper) |
| `epsilon` | float | `null` | PPO clipping lower bound |
| `epsilon_high` | float | `null` | PPO clipping upper bound |
| `loss_type` | str | `null` | Loss formulation: `grpo`, `bnpo`, or `dr_grpo` |
| `scale_rewards` | bool | `true` | Normalize rewards by standard deviation |
| `mask_truncated_completions` | bool | `false` | Exclude truncated completions from loss |
### Reward functions
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `reward_funcs` | list[str] | `null` | Import paths to reward functions or HF model IDs |
| `reward_weights` | list[float] | `null` | Relative weights for each reward function |
| `multi_objective_aggregation` | str | `null` | `"sum_then_normalize"` (GRPO) or `"normalize_then_sum"` (GDPO) |
| `rollout_func` | str | `null` | Import path to custom rollout function for OpenEnv-style tasks |
### Generation parameters
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `temperature` | float | `null` | Sampling temperature |
| `top_p` | float | `null` | Nucleus sampling probability |
| `top_k` | int | `null` | Top-k sampling |
| `min_p` | float | `null` | Minimum probability threshold |
| `repetition_penalty` | float | `null` | Penalty for repeated tokens |
| `generation_kwargs` | dict | `null` | Additional vLLM SamplingParams (e.g., `stop_token_ids`) |
| `chat_template_kwargs` | dict | `null` | Chat template kwargs (e.g., `{enable_thinking: false}`) |
| `vllm_guided_decoding_regex` | str | `null` | Regex constraint for guided decoding |
### Async pipeline
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `use_data_producer` | bool | `false` | Enable data producer protocol (required for async features) |
| `async_prefetch` | bool | `false` | Generate next batch in background thread |
| `prefetch_depth` | int | `null` | Number of batches to prefetch ahead |
| `vllm_sync_interval` | int | `null` | Sync LoRA weights to vLLM every N steps |
| `vllm_lora_sync` | bool | `false` | Use filesystem LoRA sync instead of NCCL merge |
| `streaming_partial_batch` | bool | `null` | Score prompt groups incrementally |
| `streaming_min_groups` | int | `null` | Minimum groups per streaming chunk |
| `skip_zero_advantage_batches` | bool | `true` | Skip micro-batches with zero learning signal |
| `reward_num_workers` | int | `1` | Subprocess workers for reward computation |
| `vllm_enable_sleep_mode` | bool | `null` | Offload vLLM weights when idle (colocate mode) |
### Importance sampling
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `vllm_importance_sampling_correction` | bool | `null` | Enable IS correction for async distribution shift |
| `importance_sampling_level` | `"token"` or `"sequence"` | `null` | Granularity of IS ratios. Use `token` with Liger |
| `vllm_importance_sampling_mode` | str | `null` | `token_mask`, `token_truncate`, `sequence_mask`, or `sequence_truncate` |
| `vllm_importance_sampling_cap` | float | `null` | Cap C for IS ratio clipping/masking |
| `off_policy_mask_threshold` | float | `null` | KL threshold for off-policy sequence masking (OPSM) |
| `use_bias_correction_kl` | bool | `null` | Apply IS correction to KL divergence term |
### Replay and re-roll
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `replay_buffer_size` | int | `0` | Max cached high-signal groups. 0 = disabled |
| `replay_recompute_logps` | bool | `true` | Recompute log-probs for replayed data with current model |
| `reroll_start_fraction` | float | `1.0` | Start re-rolling failed prompts after this fraction of training. 1.0 = disabled |
| `reroll_max_groups` | int | `1` | Max prompt groups to replace with re-rolls per batch |
### Reference model
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `sync_ref_model` | bool | `false` | Periodically sync reference model with training model |
| `ref_model_mixup_alpha` | float | `0.9` | EMA coefficient for reference model sync |
| `ref_model_sync_steps` | int | `64` | Sync reference model every N steps |
### Logging
| Option | Type | Default | Description |
|--------|------|---------|-------------|
| `log_completions` | bool | `false` | Log sample completions to W&B |
| `num_completions_to_print` | int | `null` | Number of completions to print per step |
| `use_liger_loss` | bool | `null` | Use Liger fused kernel for GRPO loss (reduces VRAM) |

View File

@@ -14,32 +14,28 @@ This guide covers all the ways you can install and set up Axolotl for your envir
## Requirements {#sec-requirements}
- NVIDIA GPU (Ampere architecture or newer for `bf16` and Flash Attention) or AMD GPU
- Python ≥3.11
- PyTorch ≥2.9.1
- Python ≥3.10
- PyTorch ≥2.4.1
## Installation {#sec-installation}
## Installation Methods {#sec-installation-methods}
::: {.callout-important}
For Blackwell GPUs, please use Pytorch 2.9.1 and CUDA 12.8.
Please make sure to have Pytorch installed before installing Axolotl in your local environment.
Follow the instructions at: [https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/)
:::
### Quick Install {#sec-uv}
### PyPI Installation (Recommended) {#sec-pypi}
Axolotl uses [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) as its package manager. uv is a fast, reliable Python package installer and resolver built in Rust.
Install uv if not already installed:
```{.bash}
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
source $HOME/.local/bin/env
pip3 install -U packaging setuptools wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation axolotl[flash-attn,deepspeed]
```
Choose your CUDA version (e.g. `cu128`, `cu130`), create a venv, and install:
```{.bash}
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128 # or cu130
uv venv
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install --no-build-isolation axolotl[deepspeed]
```
We use `--no-build-isolation` in order to detect the installed PyTorch version (if
installed) in order not to clobber it, and so that we set the correct version of
dependencies that are specific to the PyTorch version or other installed
co-dependencies.
### Edge/Development Build {#sec-edge-build}
@@ -48,16 +44,14 @@ For the latest features between releases:
```{.bash}
git clone https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl.git
cd axolotl
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128 # or cu130
uv venv
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e '.[deepspeed]'
pip3 install -U packaging setuptools wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.[flash-attn,deepspeed]'
```
### Docker {#sec-docker}
```{.bash}
docker run --gpus '"all"' --rm -it --ipc=host axolotlai/axolotl-uv:main-latest
docker run --gpus '"all"' --rm -it axolotlai/axolotl:main-latest
```
For development with Docker:
@@ -74,14 +68,10 @@ docker run --privileged --gpus '"all"' --shm-size 10g --rm -it \
--ulimit memlock=-1 --ulimit stack=67108864 \
--mount type=bind,src="${PWD}",target=/workspace/axolotl \
-v ${HOME}/.cache/huggingface:/root/.cache/huggingface \
axolotlai/axolotl-uv:main-latest
axolotlai/axolotl:main-latest
```
:::
::: {.callout-important}
For Blackwell GPUs, please use `axolotlai/axolotl-uv:main-py3.11-cu128-2.9.1` or the cloud variant `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv:main-py3.11-cu128-2.9.1`.
:::
Please refer to the [Docker documentation](docker.qmd) for more information on the different Docker images that are available.
## Cloud Environments {#sec-cloud}
@@ -90,26 +80,23 @@ Please refer to the [Docker documentation](docker.qmd) for more information on t
For providers supporting Docker:
- Use `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud-uv:main-latest`
- Use `axolotlai/axolotl-cloud:main-latest`
- Available on:
- [RunPod](https://runpod.io/gsc?template=v2ickqhz9s&ref=6i7fkpdz)
- [Vast.ai](https://cloud.vast.ai?ref_id=62897&template_id=bdd4a49fa8bce926defc99471864cace&utm_source=axolotl&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=template_launch_july2025&utm_content=docs_link)
- [PRIME Intellect](https://app.primeintellect.ai/dashboard/create-cluster?image=axolotl&location=Cheapest&security=Cheapest&show_spot=true)
- [Modal](https://www.modal.com?utm_source=github&utm_medium=github&utm_campaign=axolotl)
- [Novita](https://novita.ai/gpus-console?templateId=311)
- [JarvisLabs.ai](https://jarvislabs.ai/templates/axolotl)
- [Latitude.sh](https://latitude.sh/blueprint/989e0e79-3bf6-41ea-a46b-1f246e309d5c)
- [Latitude.sh](https://latitude.sh/blueprint/989e0e79-3bf6-41ea-a46b-1f246e309d5c)
- [JarvisLabs.ai](https://jarvislabs.ai/templates/axolotl)
- [RunPod](https://runpod.io/gsc?template=v2ickqhz9s&ref=6i7fkpdz)
- [Novita](https://novita.ai/gpus-console?templateId=311)
### Google Colab {#sec-colab}
[![](https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg)](https://colab.research.google.com/github/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/examples/colab-notebooks/colab-axolotl-example.ipynb#scrollTo=msOCO4NRmRLa)
Use our [example notebook](../examples/colab-notebooks/colab-axolotl-example.ipynb).
## Platform-Specific Instructions {#sec-platform-specific}
### macOS {#sec-macos}
```{.bash}
uv pip install --no-build-isolation -e '.'
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.'
```
See @sec-troubleshooting for Mac-specific issues.
@@ -120,44 +107,21 @@ See @sec-troubleshooting for Mac-specific issues.
We recommend using WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) or Docker.
:::
## Migrating from pip to uv {#sec-migrating}
## Environment Managers {#sec-env-managers}
If you have an existing pip-based Axolotl installation, you can migrate to uv:
### Conda/Pip venv {#sec-conda}
```{.bash}
# Install uv
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
source $HOME/.local/bin/env
# Create a fresh venv (recommended for a clean start)
export UV_TORCH_BACKEND=cu128 # or cu130
uv venv
source .venv/bin/activate
# Reinstall axolotl
uv pip install --no-build-isolation axolotl[deepspeed]
```
## Using pip (Alternative) {#sec-pip}
If you are unable to install uv, you can still use pip directly.
::: {.callout-important}
Please make sure to have PyTorch installed before installing Axolotl with pip.
Follow the instructions at: [https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/)
:::
```{.bash}
pip3 install -U packaging setuptools wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation axolotl[deepspeed]
```
For editable/development installs:
```{.bash}
pip3 install -U packaging setuptools wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.[deepspeed]'
```
1. Install Python ≥3.10
2. Install PyTorch: https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/
3. Install Axolotl:
```{.bash}
pip3 install -U packaging setuptools wheel ninja
pip3 install --no-build-isolation -e '.[flash-attn,deepspeed]'
```
4. (Optional) Login to Hugging Face:
```{.bash}
huggingface-cli login
```
## Troubleshooting {#sec-troubleshooting}

View File

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ description: "Custom autograd functions and Triton kernels in Axolotl for optimi
Inspired by [Unsloth](https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth), we've implemented two
optimizations for LoRA and QLoRA fine-tuning, supporting both single GPU and multi-GPU
(including the DDP, DeepSpeed, and FSDP2 settings) training. These include (1) SwiGLU
and GEGLU activation function Triton kernels, and (2) LoRA MLP and attention custom
autograd functions. Our goal was to leverage operator fusion and tensor re-use in order
to improve speed and reduce memory usage during the forward and backward passes of
these calculations.
(in the DDP and DeepSpeed settings) training. These include (1) SwiGLU and GEGLU activation function
Triton kernels, and (2) LoRA MLP and attention custom autograd functions. Our goal was
to leverage operator fusion and tensor re-use in order to improve speed and reduce
memory usage during the forward and backward passes of these calculations.
We currently support several common model architectures, including (but not limited to):
@@ -85,14 +84,6 @@ lora_qkv_kernel: true
lora_o_kernel: true
```
::: {.callout-note}
Currently, LoRA kernels are not supported for RLHF training, only SFT.
:::
::: {.callout-warning}
LoRA kernels do not support remote modeling code.
:::
## Requirements
- One or more NVIDIA or AMD GPUs (in order to use the Triton kernels)
@@ -136,5 +127,6 @@ computation path.
## Future Work
- Support for additional model architectures
- Support for the FSDP setting
- Support for dropout and bias
- Additional operator fusions

View File

@@ -27,9 +27,3 @@ learning_rate: 2e-5
In this example, we have a default learning rate of 2e-5 across the entire model, but we have a separate learning rate
of 1e-6 for all the self attention `o_proj` modules across all layers, and a learning are of 1e-5 to the 3rd layer's
self attention `q_proj` module.
::: {.callout-note}
We currently only support varying `lr` for now. If you're interested in adding support for others (`weight_decay`), we welcome PRs. See https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/613bcf90e58f3ab81d3827e7fc572319908db9fb/src/axolotl/core/trainers/mixins/optimizer.py#L17
:::

View File

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
---
title: "Mixed Precision Training"
format:
html:
toc: true
toc-depth: 3
number-sections: true
code-tools: true
execute:
enabled: false
---
Mixed precision training uses lower precision data types to reduce memory usage and increase training speed while maintaining model quality. Axolotl supports several mixed precision formats:
- **FP16** - Half precision 16-bit (Pascal generation+)
- **BF16** - Brain Float 16-bit (Ampere generation+)
- **FP8** - 8-bit floating point (Hopper generation+)
## FP16 Mixed Precision {#sec-fp16}
### Overview {#sec-fp16-overview}
FP16 is the traditional half-precision format, supported on older GPUs but can be less numerically stable than BF16.
### Configuration {#sec-fp16-config}
```{.yaml}
fp16: true
```
### FP16 Considerations {#sec-fp16-considerations}
- May require gradient scaling to prevent underflow
- Less numerically stable than BF16
- Can cause training instability with some model architectures
- Consider using BF16 if your hardware supports it
## BF16 Mixed Precision {#sec-bf16}
### Overview {#sec-bf16-overview}
BF16 (Brain Float 16) offers better numerical stability than FP16 and is the recommended mixed precision format for modern GPUs. It provides the same dynamic range as FP32 while using half the memory.
### Configuration {#sec-bf16-config}
```{.yaml}
# Automatic BF16 detection (recommended)
bf16: auto
# Or explicitly enable
bf16: true
# For evaluation with BF16
bf16: full # Equivalent to bf16_full_eval in the HF trainer
```
## FP8 Mixed Precision {#sec-fp8}
::: {.callout-note}
FP8 support is experimental and requires compatible hardware (H100, H200) and recent PyTorch versions with TorchAO.
:::
### What is FP8? {#sec-fp8-overview}
FP8 (8-bit floating point) can provide significant time savings compared to FP16/BF16 while maintaining training stability. Axolotl's implementation uses PyTorch's TorchAO library with "tensorwise" scaling strategy.
### Requirements {#sec-fp8-software}
- Hopper+ GPUs (H100/H200)
- PyTorch 2.7+ (+ compatible TorchAO version)
- CUDA 12.4+
### Configuration {#sec-fp8-config}
Add to your YAML config:
```{.yaml}
# Enable FP8 mixed precision
fp8: true
# Optional: Enable FP8 for FSDP all-gather operations
fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather: true
# Enable torch.compile (almost always necessary for FP8 speedups)
torch_compile: true
```
::: {.callout-important}
**torch.compile is critical for FP8 performance**
FP8 training requires `torch_compile: true` to see meaningful speedups. Without compilation, FP8 may actually be slower and use more memory than FP16/BF16.
:::
### Advanced FP8 Configs {#sec-fp8-advanced}
For [FSDP](multi-gpu.qmd#sec-fsdp) (Fully Sharded Data Parallel) training:
```{.yaml}
fp8: true
fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather: true
torch_compile: true
# FSDP configuration
fsdp_version: 2
fsdp_config:
offload_params: false
cpu_ram_efficient_loading: true
auto_wrap_policy: TRANSFORMER_BASED_WRAP
transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: LlamaDecoderLayer
state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT
reshard_after_forward: true
```
## Best Practices {#sec-best-practices}
### Choosing Precision Format {#sec-choosing-format}
- **Start with automatic detection**: `bf16: auto`
- **For Hopper+ (H100/H200)**: Try FP8 + torch.compile for maximum speed
- **For Ampere (A100/RTX 30/40)**: Use BF16
- **For older Pascal/Turing GPUs**: Use FP16 with caution
- **For very old or unsupported GPUs**: Use FP32
### Validation and Testing {#sec-validation}
Always validate your mixed precision setup:
- **Start with a small dataset** to verify stability
- **Monitor loss curves** for irregularities
- **Compare with FP32 baseline** when possible
- **Test evaluation metrics** match expectations
### FP8 Particulars {#sec-fp8-details}
- Use cases
- Single GPU training
- Multi GPU training with FSDP2 or Deepspeed
- Speedups
- Please refer to the [TorchAO FP8 training benchmarks](https://github.com/pytorch/ao/tree/main/torchao/float8#rowwise-scaling) for expected matmul speedups for different (M, K, N) settings
- Concrete number for LLaMA 3 8B training can be found [here](https://github.com/pytorch/ao/tree/main/torchao/float8#training-benchmarks)
- Known issues:
- FP8 + DDP + `torch.compile` (causes [error](https://gist.github.com/djsaunde/0c1664c32e44a64d31b5e01b4aafe5c4))
- FP8 + FSDP2 + `torch.compile` + FSDP2 activation checkpointing tends to be _slower_ than the BF16 equivalent training
- Flash Attention 2 does not play nicely with `torch.compile`
See `examples/llama-3/3b-fp8-fsdp2.yaml` for an optimized example config. Enabling FP8 mixed precision + FP8 all-gather training results in ~10% faster iterations per second vs. BF16 for a relatively small (3B param) model
For more information on multi-GPU training, see our [Multi-GPU guide](multi-gpu.qmd).

View File

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ format:
html:
toc: true
toc-depth: 3
# number-sections: true
number-sections: true
code-tools: true
execute:
enabled: false
@@ -14,21 +14,17 @@ This guide covers advanced training configurations for multi-GPU setups using Ax
## Overview {#sec-overview}
When training on multiple GPUs, Axolotl supports 3 sharding/parallelism strategies. Additionally, you can layer specific optimization features on top of that strategy.
Axolotl supports several methods for multi-GPU training:
You generally cannot combine these strategies; they are mutually exclusive.
1. **DeepSpeed**: Powerful optimization library, supports ZeRO stages 1-3.
2. **FSDP (Fully Sharded Data Parallel)**: PyTorch's native sharding implementation (Recommended).
3. **DDP (Distributed Data Parallel)**: PyTorch's native parallelism implementation (Default if neither of the above are selected).
These features can often be combined with the strategies above:
* **Sequence Parallelism**: Splits long sequences across GPUs (Compatible with DDP, DeepSpeed, and FSDP).
* **FSDP + QLoRA**: Combines 4-bit quantization with FSDP (Specific to FSDP).
- DeepSpeed (recommended)
- FSDP (Fully Sharded Data Parallel)
- Sequence parallelism
- FSDP + QLoRA
## DeepSpeed {#sec-deepspeed}
DeepSpeed is the recommended approach for multi-GPU training due to its stability and performance. It provides various optimization levels through ZeRO stages.
### Configuration {#sec-deepspeed-config}
Add to your YAML config:
@@ -36,6 +32,7 @@ Add to your YAML config:
```{.yaml}
deepspeed: deepspeed_configs/zero1.json
```
### Usage {#sec-deepspeed-usage}
```{.bash}
@@ -69,73 +66,9 @@ Start from Stage 1 -> Stage 2 -> Stage 3.
:::
## Fully Sharded Data Parallel (FSDP) {#sec-fsdp}
## FSDP {#sec-fsdp}
FSDP allows you to shard model parameters, gradients, and optimizer states across data parallel workers.
::: {.callout-note}
FSDP2 is recommended for new users. FSDP1 is deprecated and will be removed in an upcoming release of Axolotl.
:::
### FSDP + QLoRA {#sec-fsdp-qlora}
For combining FSDP with QLoRA, see our [dedicated guide](fsdp_qlora.qmd).
### Migrating from FSDP1 to FSDP2 {#sec-migrate-fsdp1-fsdp2}
To migrate your config from FSDP1 to FSDP2, you must use the `fsdp_version` top-level config field to specify the FSDP version, and
also follow the config field mapping below to update field names.
#### Config mapping
FSDP1 | FSDP2
-------- | --------
fsdp_sharding_strategy | reshard_after_forward
fsdp_backward_prefetch_policy | **REMOVED**
fsdp_backward_prefetch | **REMOVED**
fsdp_forward_prefetch | **REMOVED**
fsdp_sync_module_states | **REMOVED**
fsdp_cpu_ram_efficient_loading | cpu_ram_efficient_loading
fsdp_state_dict_type | state_dict_type
fsdp_use_orig_params | **REMOVED**
fsdp_activation_checkpointing | activation_checkpointing
For more details, please see the migration guide in the [torchtitan repo](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan/blob/main/docs/fsdp.md). In Axolotl,
if you were using the following FSDP1 config:
```{.yaml}
fsdp_version: 1
fsdp_config:
fsdp_offload_params: false
fsdp_cpu_ram_efficient_loading: true
fsdp_auto_wrap_policy: TRANSFORMER_BASED_WRAP
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Qwen3DecoderLayer
fsdp_state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT
fsdp_sharding_strategy: FULL_SHARD
```
You can migrate to the following FSDP2 config:
```{.yaml}
fsdp_version: 2
fsdp_config:
offload_params: false
cpu_ram_efficient_loading: true
auto_wrap_policy: TRANSFORMER_BASED_WRAP
transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Qwen3DecoderLayer
state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT
reshard_after_forward: true
```
### FSDP1 (deprecated) {#sec-fsdp-config}
::: {.callout-note}
Using `fsdp` to configure FSDP is deprecated and will be removed in an upcoming release of Axolotl. Please use `fsdp_config` as above instead.
:::
### Basic FSDP Configuration {#sec-fsdp-config}
```{.yaml}
fsdp:
@@ -147,7 +80,6 @@ fsdp_config:
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: LlamaDecoderLayer
```
## Sequence parallelism {#sec-sequence-parallelism}
We support sequence parallelism (SP) via the
@@ -155,7 +87,24 @@ We support sequence parallelism (SP) via the
allows one to split up sequences across GPUs, which is useful in the event that a
single sequence causes OOM errors during model training.
See our [dedicated guide](sequence_parallelism.qmd) for more information.
First, install `ring-flash-attn`, recommended via `pip install axolotl[ring-flash-attn]`,
or from source with `pip install .[ring-flash-attn]`.
Your Axolotl YAML config should contain the following lines:
```{.yaml}
sequence_parallel_degree: 4 # Split each sequence into 4 parts, one per GPU
flash_attention: true # Required with sequence parallelism
# Optional; strides across the key dimension. Larger values use more memory but will make training faster.
heads_k_stride: 1
```
See our [dedicated guide](sequence_parallelism.qmd) for more details.
### FSDP + QLoRA {#sec-fsdp-qlora}
For combining FSDP with QLoRA, see our [dedicated guide](fsdp_qlora.qmd).
## Performance Optimization {#sec-performance}

View File

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ use_cpu: false
Configure your model to use FSDP in the Axolotl yaml. For example:
```yaml
fsdp_version: 2
fsdp:
- full_shard
- auto_wrap
fsdp_config:
offload_params: true
state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT
auto_wrap_policy: TRANSFORMER_BASED_WRAP
transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: LlamaDecoderLayer
reshard_after_forward: true
fsdp_offload_params: true
fsdp_state_dict_type: FULL_STATE_DICT
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: LlamaDecoderLayer
```
All you have to do now is launch using accelerate as you would usually do on each machine and voila, the processes will start once you have launched accelerate on every machine.
@@ -69,19 +69,11 @@ export NCCL_BUFFSIZE=2097152
Run the following on each node:
### Option 1: New Axolotl CLI with launcher args (Recommended)
```bash
axolotl train config.yaml --launcher torchrun -- --nnodes $num_nodes --nproc_per_node $gpu_per_node --rdzv_id $rdzv_id --rdzv_backend c10d --rdzv_endpoint "$head_node_ip:$head_node_port"
```
### Option 2: Direct torchrun (Legacy)
```bash
torchrun --nnodes $num_nodes --nproc_per_node $gpu_per_node --rdzv_id $rdzv_id --rdzv_backend c10d --rdzv_endpoint "$head_node_ip:$head_node_port" -m axolotl.cli.train config.yaml
```
Please make sure to substitute the placeholder variables:
Please make sure to substitute the placeholder variables.
- `num_nodes`: Number of nodes (containing GPUs)
- `gpu_per_node`: Number of gpus per node
@@ -89,6 +81,8 @@ Please make sure to substitute the placeholder variables:
- `head_node_port`: Port of the head node (make sure other machines can connect to this. Default 29400)
- `rdzv_id`: A unique job ID that is used by the job across nodes.
The new CLI approach (Option 1) is recommended as it provides consistent argument handling and works seamlessly with other Axolotl CLI features.
::: {.callout-note}
You need to call `axolotl.cli.train` instead of `axolotl train` as the latter calls accelerate under the hood
:::
More info on the available configs can be found on the Pytorch docs [here](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/elastic/run.html)

View File

@@ -8,24 +8,14 @@ format:
## Supported Models
- [Gemma-4](#sec-gemma-4) *(NEW)*
- [Mllama](#sec-mllama)
- [Llama4](#sec-llama4)
- [Pixtral](#sec-pixtral)
- [Llava-1.5](#sec-llava-15)
- [Mistral-Small-3.1](#sec-mistral-small-31)
- [Mistral-Small-4](#sec-mistral-small-4)
- [Magistral-Small-2509](#sec-magistral-small-2509)
- [Voxtral](#sec-voxtral)
- [Gemma-3](#sec-gemma-3)
- [Gemma-3n](#sec-gemma-3n)
- [Qwen2-VL](#sec-qwen2-vl)
- [Qwen2.5-VL](#sec-qwen25-vl)
- [Qwen3.5](#sec-qwen3-5)
- [GLM-4.6V](#sec-glm-4-6v)
- [SmolVLM2](#sec-smolvlm2)
- [LFM2-VL](#sec-lfm2-vl)
- [Intern-VL](#sec-intern-vl)
## Usage
@@ -40,19 +30,20 @@ skip_prepare_dataset: true
remove_unused_columns: false # leave columns in place as they are needed to handle image embeddings during training
sample_packing: false # not yet supported with multimodal
chat_template: # see in next section if specified
chat_template: # see in next section
# example dataset
datasets:
- path: HuggingFaceH4/llava-instruct-mix-vsft
type: chat_template
split: train[:1%]
field_messages: messages
# (optional) if doing lora, only finetune the Language model,
# leave the vision model and vision tower frozen
# load_in_8bit: true
adapter: lora
lora_target_modules: 'model.language_model.layers.[\d]+.(mlp|cross_attn|self_attn).(up|down|gate|q|k|v|o)_proj'
lora_target_modules: 'language_model.model.layers.[\d]+.(mlp|cross_attn|self_attn).(up|down|gate|q|k|v|o)_proj'
# (optional) if you want to resize images to a set size
image_size: 512
@@ -61,14 +52,10 @@ image_resize_algorithm: bilinear
Please see [examples](https://github.com/axolotl-ai/axolotl/tree/main/examples) folder for full configs.
::: {.callout-tip}
::: {.callout-warning}
Some of our chat_templates have been extended to support broader dataset types. This should not break any existing configs.
:::
::: {.callout-note}
As of now, we do not truncate nor drop samples based on `sequence_len` as each arch has different ways to process non-text tokens. We are looking for help on this.
:::
### Mllama {#sec-mllama}
```yaml
@@ -103,76 +90,12 @@ chat_template: llava
### Mistral-Small-3.1 {#sec-mistral-small-31}
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install vision lib via `pip install 'mistral-common[opencv]==1.8.5'`
:::
```yaml
base_model: mistralai/Mistral-Small-3.1-24B-Instruct-2503
chat_template: mistral_v7_tekken
```
### Mistral-Small-4 {#sec-mistral-small-4}
```yaml
base_model: mistralai/Mistral-Small-4-119B-2603
```
### Magistral-Small-2509 {#sec-magistral-small-2509}
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install vision lib via `pip install 'mistral-common[opencv]==1.8.5'`
:::
```yaml
base_model: mistralai/Magistral-Small-2509
```
### Voxtral {#sec-voxtral}
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install audio lib via `pip3 install librosa==0.11.0 'mistral_common[audio]==1.8.3'`
:::
```yaml
base_model: mistralai/Voxtral-Mini-3B-2507
processor_type: VoxtralProcessor
```
### Gemma-4 {#sec-gemma-4}
All Gemma 4 variants (E2B, E4B, 26B-A4B, 31B) load as multimodal models even for text-only training.
```yaml
base_model: google/gemma-4-E2B-it # or E4B-it, 26B-A4B, 31B
chat_template: gemma4
freeze_mm_modules: true # freeze vision/audio encoders for text-only or vision LoRA
# For the 26B-A4B MoE model, enable ScatterMoE and expert LoRA:
plugins:
- axolotl.integrations.cut_cross_entropy.CutCrossEntropyPlugin
- axolotl.integrations.kernels.KernelsPlugin
use_kernels: true
use_scattermoe: true
experts_implementation: scattermoe
lora_target_modules: 'model.language_model.layers.[\d]+.(_checkpoint_wrapped_module.)?(mlp|self_attn).(up|down|gate|q|k|v|o)_proj'
# MoE expert LoRA (3D tensors, not nn.Linear) — only for 26B-A4B:
lora_target_parameters:
- experts.gate_up_proj
- experts.down_proj
```
::: {.callout-warning}
Gemma 4 VLM training starts with high loss (~8-15). This is expected — see the [training stability guide](training_stability.qmd) for details.
:::
::: {.callout-tip}
For DDP training, axolotl auto-detects Gemma4 and sets `use_reentrant=False` and `ddp_find_unused_parameters=True`. However, when `activation_offloading: true`, `ddp_find_unused_parameters` is skipped (checkpoint wrappers conflict with it); use `freeze_mm_modules: true` instead to handle unused vision/audio params. For FSDP2, use `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Gemma4TextDecoderLayer`.
:::
### Gemma-3 {#sec-gemma-3}
::: {.callout-tip}
@@ -187,22 +110,6 @@ base_model: google/gemma-3-4b-it
chat_template: gemma3
```
### Gemma-3n {#sec-gemma-3n}
::: {.callout-warning}
The model's initial loss and grad norm will be very high. We suspect this to be due to the Conv in the vision layers.
:::
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install `timm` via `pip3 install timm==1.0.17`
:::
```yaml
base_model: google/gemma-3n-E2B-it
chat_template: gemma3n
```
### Qwen2-VL {#sec-qwen2-vl}
```yaml
@@ -219,73 +126,13 @@ base_model: Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct
chat_template: qwen2_vl # same as qwen2-vl
```
### Qwen3-VL {#sec-qwen3-vl}
```yaml
base_model: Qwen/Qwen3-VL-4B-Instruct
chat_template: qwen2_vl # same as qwen2-vl
```
### Qwen3.5 {#sec-qwen3-5}
```yaml
base_model: Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B
chat_template: qwen3_5
```
### GLM-4.6V {#sec-glm-4-6v}
Both GLM-4.6V (106B MoE) and GLM-4.6V-Flash (9B) are supported.
```yaml
# GLM-4.6V (106B MoE version)
base_model: zai-org/GLM-4.6V
# OR GLM-4.6V-Flash (9B version)
base_model: zai-org/GLM-4.6V-Flash
```
### SmolVLM2 {#sec-smolvlm2}
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install `num2words` via `pip3 install num2words==0.5.14`
:::
```yaml
base_model: HuggingFaceTB/SmolVLM2-500M-Video-Instruct
```
### LFM2-VL {#sec-lfm2-vl}
::: {.callout-warning}
Please uninstall `causal-conv1d` via `pip3 uninstall -y causal-conv1d`
:::
```yaml
base_model: LiquidAI/LFM2-VL-450M
```
### Intern-VL {#sec-intern-vl}
::: {.callout-tip}
Please make sure to install `timm` via `pip3 install timm==1.0.19`
:::
```yaml
base_model: OpenGVLab/InternVL3_5-8B
```
## Dataset Format
For multi-modal datasets, we adopt an extended `chat_template` format similar to OpenAI's Message format.
- A message is a list of `role` and `content`.
- `role` can be `system`, `user`, `assistant`, etc.
- `content` is a list of `type` and (`text`, `image`, `path`, `url`, `base64`, or `audio`).
### Image
- `content` is a list of `type` and (`text` or `image` or `path` or `url` or `base64`).
::: {.callout-note}
For backwards compatibility:
@@ -294,43 +141,15 @@ For backwards compatibility:
- If `content` is a string, it will be converted to a list with `type` as `text`.
:::
::: {.callout-tip}
For image loading, you can use the following keys within `content` alongside `"type": "image"`:
- `"path": "/path/to/image.jpg"`
- `"url": "https://example.com/image.jpg"`
- `"base64": "..."`
- `"image": PIL.Image`
### Audio
For audio loading, you can use the following keys within `content` alongside `"type": "audio"`:
- `"path": "/path/to/audio.mp3"`
- `"url": "https://example.com/audio.mp3"`
- `"audio": np.ndarray`
::: {.callout-tip}
You may need to install `librosa` via `pip3 install librosa==0.11.0`.
:::
### Video
::: {.callout-warning}
This is not well tested at the moment. We welcome contributors!
:::
For video loading, you can use the following keys within `content` alongside `"type": "video"`:
- `"path": "/path/to/video.mp4"`
- `"url": "https://example.com/video.mp4"`
- `"video": np.ndarray | list[PIL.Image.Image] | torch.Tensor` (or list of the aforementioned)
### Example
Here is an example of a multi-modal dataset:
```json
[
@@ -359,9 +178,3 @@ Here is an example of a multi-modal dataset:
}
]
```
## FAQ
1. `PIL.UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file ...`
`PIL` could not retrieve the file at `url` using `requests`. Please check for typo. One alternative reason is that the request is blocked by the server.

View File

@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
---
title: "N-D Parallelism (Beta)"
---
Axolotl enables training models at scale by composing different parallelism techniques. This is essential when:
- A model's weights are too large to fit on a single GPU's memory.
- A model's activations, especially with very long contexts, are too large for a single GPU.
- You want to accelerate training by using multiple GPUs or nodes.
or combinations of the above!
## Core Concepts
Parallelism strategies can be combined. The key is understanding how each one divides the workload. PyTorch's `DeviceMesh` is the modern way to manage these combinations, creating a logical grid of your GPUs and assigning different parallel strategies to different dimensions of the grid.
### Data Parallelism {#sec-dp}
Data Parallelism focuses on splitting the global data batch across GPUs.
- Distributed Data Parallel (DDP): The classic approach. The full model is replicated on every GPU. Each GPU processes a different slice of the data batch. Gradients are then averaged across all GPUs after the backward pass to keep the models synchronized. This can substantially improve data throughput compared to single-device training, but requires that each GPU is able to hold the entire model, its gradients, and optimizer states.
- [Fully Sharded Data Parallel (FSDP)](multi-gpu.qmd#fully-sharded-data-parallel-(fsdp)): A highly memory-efficient form of data parallelism (inspired by DeepSpeed's ZeRO). Instead of replicating the model, FSDP shards the model's *parameters, gradients, and optimizer states* across the GPUs in the data-parallel group. During computation, each GPU receives the specific parameters it needs via an `all_gather` operation just before they are used, and they can be discarded immediately after (`reshard-after-forward`).
- FSDP maps to ZeRO stages:
- ZeRO-2 (`reshard_after_forward=False`): Shards gradients and optimizer states. Model weights are replicated on each GPU.
- ZeRO-3 (`reshard_after_forward=True`): Shards gradients, optimizer states, AND model parameters. This provides the most memory savings at the cost of more communication (re-gathering parameters for both forward and backward passes).
### [Experimental] Tensor Parallelism (TP) {#sec-tp}
Also known as "horizontal model parallelism," as described in the [Megatron-LM paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.08053.pdf). Instead of splitting the batch, TP splits the model's layers themselves across GPUs.
- How it works: For a linear layer `Y = XA`, the weight matrix `A` is split column-wise (`A = [A_1, A_2]`). The computation becomes `Y_1 = XA_1` and `Y_2 = XA_2`, which can happen in parallel on different GPUs. The final output `Y` is simply the concatenation of `Y_1` and `Y_2`. Check [this comment](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/10321#issuecomment-783543530) for more detailed info.
- Requirement: TP involves frequent, small communications within a forward/backward pass. It requires a very fast interconnect between GPUs (e.g., NVLink) and is typically not recommended across different nodes.
### Context Parallelism (CP) {#sec-cp}
Context Parallelism, also called [Sequence Parallelism](sequence_parallelism.qmd), addresses the memory bottleneck from long sequences. The input sequence itself is split along the sequence length dimension and distributed across GPUs.
- How it works: If you have a sequence of 8192 tokens and a `context_parallel_size` of 4, each GPU will only handle a chunk of 2048 tokens.
- The Challenge: Attention is not local; every token needs to "attend to" every other token. Splitting the sequence breaks this.
- The Solution (`ring-flash-attention`): An efficient communication protocol is used. To compute attention for its local sequence chunk, each GPU passes its Key-Value (KV) cache to its neighbor in a "ring." After `N-1` steps, every GPU has seen the KV-cache from all other GPUs, allowing it to compute the correct attention values for its chunk. This is implemented using the highly optimized `flash-attention` kernel at each step.
### Hybrid Sharding Data Parallel (HSDP) {#sec-hsdp}
HSDP is a 2D strategy that intelligently combines FSDP and DDP, typically for multi-node training.
- Intra-Node (within a machine): Use FSDP. This is efficient because GPUs on the same node have fast interconnects (NVLink), making the `all_gather` operations for sharded parameters fast.
- Inter-Node (across machines): Use DDP. The gradient synchronization between nodes is less frequent than FSDP's parameter gathering, making it a better fit for the slower node-to-node network (e.g., Ethernet/Infiniband).
- Example: With 2 nodes of 8 GPUs each (16 total), you could have `dp_shard_size=8` (FSDP within each node) and `dp_replicate_size=2` (DDP across the two nodes).
## Usage
```yaml
# FSDP config. See https://docs.axolotl.ai/docs/multi-gpu.html#sec-fsdp
fsdp_version: 2
fsdp_config:
# ...
# The number of GPUs to shard the model parameters across (FSDP dimension).
dp_shard_size: 4
# The number of times to replicate the sharded model (DDP dimension).
dp_replicate_size: 2
# Number of GPUs for Tensor Parallelism.
tensor_parallel_size: 1 # (default is 1, no TP)
# Number of GPUs for Context/Sequence Parallelism.
context_parallel_size: 1 # (default is 1, no CP)
```
Note: We recommend FSDP. DeepSpeed is only compatible with `tensor_parallel_size`.
## Examples
::: {.callout-tip}
See our example configs [here](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/distributed-parallel).
:::
1. HSDP on 2 nodes with 4 GPUs each (8 GPUs total):
- You want FSDP within each node and DDP across nodes.
- Set `dp_shard_size: 4` and `dp_replicate_size: 2`.
2. FSDP + TP on a single 8-GPU node:
- You want to split the model across 4 GPUs using FSDP, and further split each layer across 2 GPUs with TP.
- Set `dp_shard_size: 4` and `tensor_parallel_size: 2`.
3. FSDP + CP on a single 8-GPU node for long context:
- You want to shard the model across all 8 GPUs and also split the sequence length across all 8 GPUs.
- Set `dp_shard_size: 8` and `context_parallel_size: 8`. Note: this means the data parallel group and context parallel group are the same. A more common setup might be to shard across a smaller group.
## Support Matrix
This matrix describes how different parallelism methods can be combined in Axolotl.
| Combination | `dp_replicate_size` | `dp_shard_size` | `tp_size` | `cp_size` | Status & Notes |
| --- | :---: | :---: |:---:|:---:|---|
| **FSDP** (ZeRO-3) | 1 | >1 | 1 | 1 | ✅ Fully supported. Shards model across all GPUs. |
| **HSDP** | >1 | >1 | 1 | 1 | ✅ Fully supported. FSDP intra-node, DDP inter-node. |
| **FSDP + TP** | 1 | >1 | >1 | 1 | ✅ **2D Parallelism**. Shards the model across a `dp_shard` group, and TP-splits layers within the `tp` group. |
| **HSDP + TP** | >1 | >1 | >1 | 1 | ✅ **3D Parallelism**. A powerful but complex combination. |
| **FSDP + CP** | 1 | >1 | 1 | >1 | ✅ **2D Parallelism**. Combines FSDP with context parallelism. |
| **FSDP + TP + CP**| 1 | >1 | >1| >1| ✅ **3D Parallelism**. Another advanced combination. |
| DDP + TP/CP | >1 | 1 | >1 | >1 | ❌ **Not Supported**. The `ParallelismConfig` explicitly prevents this, as composing pure DDP with TP or CP is currently not supported. You should use FSDP + TP/CP instead (`dp_shard_size > 1`). |
| Just TP / CP | 1 | 1 | >1 | >1 | ✅ Supported. Useful for inference or when the model fits on one GPU but context is too long. |
- `tp_size` refers to `tensor_parallel_size`
- `cp_size` refers to `context_parallel_size`

View File

@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
---
title: Optimizations Guide
description: A guide to the performance and memory optimizations available in Axolotl.
---
Axolotl includes numerous optimizations to speed up training, reduce memory usage, and handle large models.
This guide provides a high-level overview and directs you to the detailed documentation for each feature.
## Speed Optimizations
These optimizations focus on increasing training throughput and reducing total training time.
### Sample Packing
Improves GPU utilization by combining multiple short sequences into a single packed sequence for training. This requires enabling one of the [attention](#attention-implementations) implementations below.
- **Config:** `sample_packing: true`
- **Learn more:** [Sample Packing](multipack.qmd)
### Attention Implementations
Using an optimized attention implementation is critical for training speed.
- **[Flash Attention 2](https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention)**: `flash_attention: true`. **(Recommended)** The industry standard for fast attention on modern GPUs. Requires Ampere or higher. For AMD, check [AMD Support](https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention?tab=readme-ov-file#amd-rocm-support).
- **[Flex Attention](https://pytorch.org/blog/flexattention/)**: `flex_attention: true`.
- **[SDP Attention](https://docs.pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention.html)**: `sdp_attention: true`. PyTorch's native implementation.
- **[Xformers](https://github.com/facebookresearch/xformers)**: `xformers_attention: true`. Works with FP16.
*Note: You should only enable one attention backend.*
### LoRA Optimizations
Leverages optimized kernels to accelerate LoRA training and reduce memory usage.
- **Learn more:** [LoRA Optimizations Documentation](lora_optims.qmd)
## Memory Optimizations
These techniques help you fit larger models or use bigger batch sizes on your existing hardware.
### Parameter Efficient Finetuning (LoRA & QLoRA)
Drastically reduces memory by training a small set of "adapter" parameters instead of the full model. This is the most common and effective memory-saving technique.
- Examples: Find configs with `lora` or `qlora` in the [examples directory](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/llama-3).
- Config Reference: See `adapter`, `load_in_4bit`, and `load_in_8bit` in the [Configuration Reference](config-reference.qmd).
### Gradient Checkpointing & Activation Offloading
These techniques save VRAM by changing how activations are handled.
- Gradient Checkpointing: re-computes activations during the backward pass, trading compute time for VRAM.
- Activation Offloading: moves activations to CPU RAM or disk, trading I/O overhead for VRAM.
- Learn more: [Gradient Checkpointing and Offloading Docs](gradient_checkpointing.qmd)
### Layer Offloading
Offloads frozen (non-trainable) decoder layer parameters to CPU and streams them back to GPU one layer at a time during forward/backward passes using CUDA stream prefetching. Especially effective for LoRA/QLoRA where most parameters are frozen.
- **Config:** `layer_offloading: true`
- **Learn more:** [Layer Offloading Docs](gradient_checkpointing.qmd#enabling-layer-offloading)
### Cut Cross Entropy (CCE)
Reduces VRAM usage by using an optimized cross-entropy loss calculation.
- **Learn more:** [Custom Integrations - CCE](custom_integrations.qmd#cut-cross-entropy)
### Liger Kernels
Provides efficient Triton kernels to improve training speed and reduce memory usage.
- **Learn more:** [Custom Integrations - Liger Kernels](custom_integrations.qmd#liger-kernels)
### Expert Kernels
Optimized kernel implementations for Mixture of Experts (MoE) model training.
- **ScatterMoE**: Triton-based MoE kernels with fused LoRA support.
- **SonicMoE**: CUTLASS-based MoE kernels for NVIDIA Hopper and Blackwell GPUs.
- **Learn more:** [Custom Integrations - Kernels Integration](custom_integrations.qmd#kernels-integration)
## Long Context Models
Techniques to train models on sequences longer than their original context window.
### RoPE Scaling
Extends a model's context window by interpolating its Rotary Position Embeddings.
- **Config:** Pass the `rope_scaling` config under the `overrides_of_model_config: `. To learn how to set RoPE, check the respective model config.
### Sequence Parallelism
Splits long sequences across multiple GPUs, enabling training with sequence lengths that would not fit on a single device.
- **Learn more:** [Sequence Parallelism Documentation](sequence_parallelism.qmd)
### Artic Long Sequence Training (ALST)
ALST is a recipe that combines several techniques to train long-context models efficiently. It typically involves:
- TiledMLP to reduce memory usage in MLP layers.
- Tiled Loss functions (like [CCE](#cut-cross-entropy-(cce) or [Liger](#liger-kernels)).
- Activation Offloading to CPU.
- Example: [ALST Example Configuration](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/tree/main/examples/alst)
## Large Models (Distributed Training)
To train models that don't fit on a single GPU, you'll need to use a distributed training strategy like FSDP or DeepSpeed. These frameworks shard the model weights, gradients, and optimizer states across multiple GPUs and nodes.
- **Learn more:** [Multi-GPU Guide](multi-gpu.qmd)
- **Learn more:** [Multi-Node Guide](multi-node.qmd)
### N-D Parallelism (Beta)
For advanced scaling, Axolotl allows you to compose different parallelism techniques (e.g., Data, Tensor, Sequence Parallelism). This is a powerful approach to train an extremely large model by overcoming multiple bottlenecks at once.
- **Learn more:** [N-D Parallelism Guide](nd_parallelism.qmd)
## Quantization
Techniques to reduce the precision of model weights for memory savings.
### 4-bit Training (QLoRA)
The recommended approach for quantization-based training. It loads the base model in 4-bit using `bitsandbytes` and then trains QLoRA adapters. See [Adapter Finetuning](#adapter-finetuning-lora-qlora) for details.
### FP8 Training
Enables training with 8-bit floating point precision on supported hardware (e.g., NVIDIA Hopper series GPUs) for significant speed and memory gains.
- **Example:** [Llama 3 FP8 FSDP Example](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/examples/llama-3/3b-fp8-fsdp2.yaml)
### Quantization Aware Training (QAT)
Simulates quantization effects during training, helping the model adapt and potentially improving the final accuracy of the quantized model.
- **Learn more:** [QAT Documentation](qat.qmd)
### GPTQ
Allows you to finetune LoRA adapters on top of a model that has already been quantized using the GPTQ method.
- **Example:** [GPTQ LoRA Example](https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/main/examples/llama-2/gptq-lora.yml)
### MoE Expert Quantization
Quantizes MoE expert weights on load to reduce VRAM when training MoE models with adapters. Required for Transformers v5+ MoE models where experts use fused `nn.Parameter` tensors.
- **Config:** `quantize_moe_experts: true`
- **Learn more:** [MoE Expert Quantization](expert_quantization.qmd)

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